{"id":103808,"date":"2022-04-18T09:36:46","date_gmt":"2022-04-18T07:36:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/proekt-celestial-razvivaet-sborku-ubuntu-s-flatpak-vmesto-snap"},"modified":"2022-04-18T09:36:46","modified_gmt":"2022-04-18T07:36:47","slug":"proekt-celestial-razvivaet-sborku-ubuntu-s-flatpak-vmesto-snap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/news\/proekt-celestial-razvivaet-sborku-ubuntu-s-flatpak-vmesto-snap","title":{"rendered":"Il progetto Celestial sviluppa una build di Ubuntu con Flatpak invece di Snap","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c8 stata presentata la versione beta della distribuzione CelOS (Celestial OS), una ricompilazione di Ubuntu 22.04, in cui l'insieme di strumenti per la gestione dei pacchetti Snap \u00e8 stato sostituito da Flatpak. Invece di installare applicazioni aggiuntive dal catalogo Snap Store, \u00e8 stata proposta l'integrazione con il catalogo Flathub. La dimensione dell'immagine di installazione \u00e8 di 3,7 GB. I progressi del progetto sono distribuiti sotto licenza GPLv3. <\/p>\n

La build include una selezione di applicazioni GNOME distribuite in formato Flatpak, oltre a offrire la possibilit\u00e0 di installare rapidamente programmi aggiuntivi dal catalogo Flathub. L'interfaccia utente proposta \u00e8 un normale GNOME con il tema Adwaita, nella forma in cui viene sviluppato dal progetto principale, senza utilizzare il tema Yaru suggerito in Ubuntu. Come installatore \u00e8 stato utilizzato il predefinito Ubiquity. <\/p>\n

Dalla fornitura di base sono stati esclusi i pacchetti aisleriot, gnome-mahjongg, gnome-mines, gnome-sudoku, evince, libreoffice, rhythmbox, remmina, shotwell, thunderbird, totem, snapd, firefox, gedit, cheese, gnome-calculator, gnome-calendar, gnome-font-viewer, gnome-characters e ubuntu-session. Sono stati aggiunti pacchetti deb gnome-tweak-tool, gnome-software, gnome-software-plugin-flatpak, Flatpak e gnome-session, oltre ai pacchetti flatpak Adwaita-dark, Epiphany, gedit, Cheese, Calculator, clocks, Calendar, Photos, Characters, font-viewer, Contacts, Weather e Flatseal.

\"Il<\/center> <\/p>\n

Le differenze tra Flatpak e Snap si riassumono nel fatto che Snap offre un runtime di base ridotto con un contenitore basato su rilascio monolitico di Ubuntu Core, mentre Flatpak, oltre al runtime principale, utilizza strati runtime aggiuntivi e aggiornabili separatamente (bundle) con set di dipendenze standard per il funzionamento delle applicazioni. In questo modo, Snap sposta la maggior parte delle librerie applicative verso i pacchetti (negli ultimi tempi \u00e8 possibile separare grandi librerie, come quelle di GNOME e GTK, in pacchetti comuni), mentre Flatpak offre set di librerie bundle comuni per diversi pacchetti (ad esempio, nel bundle sono state incluse le librerie necessarie per le applicazioni GNOME o KDE), che consentono di rendere i pacchetti pi\u00f9 compatti. <\/p>\n

Per la distribuzione dei pacchetti Flatpak viene utilizzata un'immagine basata sulla specifica OCI (Open Container Initiative), mentre per Snap si applica il montaggio delle immagini nel formato SquashFS. Per l'isolamento in Flatpak viene utilizzato uno strato di Bubblewrap (che utilizza cgroups, spazi dei nomi (namespaces), Seccomp e SELinux), mentre per organizzare l'accesso alle risorse al di fuori del contenitore si adotta il meccanismo dei portali. In Snap, per l'isolamento, vengono applicati cgroups, namespaces, Seccomp e AppArmor, mentre per interagire con il mondo esterno e con altri pacchetti si utilizzano interfacce plug-in. Snap \u00e8 sviluppato sotto il completo controllo dell'azienda Canonical e non \u00e8 sotto il controllo della comunit\u00e0, mentre il progetto Flatpak \u00e8 indipendente, offre una maggiore integrazione con GNOME e non \u00e8 legato a un singolo repository.
\n
Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0431\u0435\u0442\u0430-\u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 CelOS (Celestial OS), \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0443 Ubuntu 22.04, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 Snap \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0451\u043d \u043d\u0430 Flatpak. \u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0437 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