{"id":106493,"date":"2023-01-26T00:48:10","date_gmt":"2023-01-25T22:48:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/?p=106493"},"modified":"2023-01-26T10:23:05","modified_gmt":"2023-01-26T08:23:05","slug":"dostupen-openvpn-2-6-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dostupen-openvpn-2-6-0","title":{"rendered":"Disponibile OpenVPN 2.6.0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dopo due anni e mezzo dalla pubblicazione della versione 2.5, \u00e8 stato rilasciato OpenVPN 2.6.0, un pacchetto per la creazione di reti private virtuali che consente di stabilire una connessione crittografata tra due macchine client o di gestire un server VPN centralizzato per il funzionamento simultaneo di pi\u00f9 client. Il codice di OpenVPN \u00e8 distribuito sotto licenza GPLv2 e i pacchetti binari pronti sono disponibili per Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS, RHEL e Windows.      <\/p>\n<p>Novit\u00e0 principali:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00c8 garantito il supporto per un numero illimitato di connessioni.\n<li class=\"l\"> Includo il modulo del kernel ovpn-dco, che consente di migliorare notevolmente le prestazioni. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"235\">VPN<\/a>. Il miglioramento delle prestazioni \u00e8 ottenuto trasferendo tutte le operazioni di crittografia, elaborazione dei pacchetti e gestione del canale di comunicazione nel kernel Linux, il che elimina le spese generali associate ai cambi di contesto, ottimizza il funzionamento attraverso accessi diretti alle API interne del kernel ed evita la lenta trasmissione dei dati tra il kernel e lo spazio utente (la crittografia, la decrittazione e il routing vengono eseguiti dal modulo senza inviare il traffico al gestore dello spazio utente).\n<p>Nei test condotti, rispetto a una configurazione basata su interfaccia tun, l'uso del modulo lato client e server con la crittografia AES-256-GCM ha permesso di ottenere un incremento della larghezza di banda di 8 volte (da 370 Mbit\/s a 2950 Mbit\/s). Utilizzando il modulo solo dal lato client, la larghezza di banda per il traffico in uscita \u00e8 aumentata di tre volte, mentre non \u00e8 cambiata per il traffico in ingresso. Con l'uso del modulo solo dal lato server, la larghezza di banda \u00e8 aumentata di 4 volte per il traffico in ingresso e del 35% per quello in uscita.      <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430 TLS \u0441 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 (\u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 &#171;&#8212;peer-fingerprint&#187; \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b &#171;&#8212;ca&#187; \u0438 &#171;&#8212;capath&#187; \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430  PKI-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 Easy-RSA \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0433\u043e \u041f\u041e).\n<li class=\"l\"> Nel server UDP \u00e8 stata implementata una modalit\u00e0 di negoziazione della connessione basata su Cookie, in cui viene utilizzato un Cookie basato su HMAC come identificatore di sessione, consentendo al server di effettuare la verifica senza mantenere uno stato.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0439  OpenSSL 3.0. \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 &#171;&#8212;tls-cert-profile insecure&#187; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 OpenSSL.\n<li class=\"l\"> Sono stati aggiunti nuovi comandi di controllo remote-entry-count e remote-entry-get per conteggiare il numero di connessioni esterne e fornire l'elenco di esse.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nel processo di negoziazione delle chiavi, il metodo prioritario per ottenere il materiale per la generazione delle chiavi \u00e8 ora il meccanismo EKM (Exported Keying Material, RFC 5705), invece del meccanismo specifico di OpenVPN PRF. Per utilizzare EKM \u00e8 necessaria la libreria OpenSSL o mbed TLS 2.18+.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00c8 stata garantita la compatibilit\u00e0 con OpenSSL in modalit\u00e0 FIPS, consentendo l'uso di OpenVPN su sistemi che soddisfano i requisiti di sicurezza FIPS 140-2.\n<li class=\"l\"> In mlock \u00e8 stata implementata una verifica per riservare una memoria di dimensioni sufficienti. Quando sono disponibili meno di 100 MB di RAM, viene effettuata una chiamata a setrlimit() per aumentare il limite.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f &#171;&#8212;peer-fingerprint&#187; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e fingerprint-\u043e\u0442\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0445\u044d\u0448\u0430  SHA256, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f tls-verify.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 (deferred) \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 &#171;&#8212;auth-user-pass-verify&#187;. \u0412 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 (pending) \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (&#8212;compat-mode), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f OpenVPN 2.3.x \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0412 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 &#171;&#8212;data-ciphers&#187;, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0430 &#171;?&#187; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0432 <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/ssl-sertifikat\/\"   title=\"SSL\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2316\">SSL<\/a>-libreria.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f &#171;&#8212;session-timeout&#187; \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nel file di configurazione \u00e8 possibile specificare nome e password utilizzando il tag .\n<li class=\"l\"> \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 MTU \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431 MTU, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 MTU \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f &#171;&#8212;tun-mtu-max&#187; (\u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e 1600).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 &#171;&#8212;max-packet-size&#187; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0423\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 OpenVPN \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 inetd. \u0423\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f   ncp-disable. \u041e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f verify-hash \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0439 (\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e TLS). \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b TLS 1.0 \u0438 1.1 (\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 tls-version-min \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 1.2). \u0423\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b (&#8212;prng), \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e PRNG \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a mbed TLS \u0438\u043b\u0438 OpenSSL. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430 PF (Packet Filtering). \u041f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0435 (&#8212;allow-compression=no).\n<li class=\"l\"> CHACHA20-POLY1305 \u00e8 stato aggiunto all'elenco dei cipher predefiniti.    <\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=58549\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0441 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CentOS, RHEL \u0438 Windows. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-106493","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 2.5 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 OpenVPN 2.6.0, \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f 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reti private virtuali che consente di stabilire una connessione crittografata tra due macchine client o di gestire un server VPN centralizzato per il funzionamento simultaneo di pi\u00f9 client. 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