{"id":113594,"date":"2024-02-14T22:02:42","date_gmt":"2024-02-14T20:02:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimosti-keytrap-i-nsec3-zatragivayushhie-bolshinstvo-realizaczij-dnssec"},"modified":"2024-02-14T22:02:42","modified_gmt":"2024-02-14T20:02:42","slug":"uyazvimosti-keytrap-i-nsec3-zatragivayushhie-bolshinstvo-realizaczij-dnssec","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimosti-keytrap-i-nsec3-zatragivayushhie-bolshinstvo-realizaczij-dnssec","title":{"rendered":"Vulnerabilit\u00e0 KeyTrap e NSEC3 che colpiscono la maggior parte delle implementazioni di DNSSEC","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Sono state individuate due vulnerabilit\u00e0 in diverse implementazioni del protocollo DNSSEC che interessano i resolver DNS BIND, PowerDNS, dnsmasq, Knot Resolver e Unbound. Queste vulnerabilit\u00e0 possono causare un'interruzione del servizio per i resolver DNS che eseguono la validazione tramite DNSSEC, provocando un carico elevato sulla CPU che ostruisce l'elaborazione di altre richieste. Per eseguire un attacco, \u00e8 sufficiente inviare al resolver DNS che utilizza DNSSEC una richiesta che porti a una zona DNS appositamente progettata su un server controllato dall'attaccante.      <\/p>\n<p>Problemi identificati:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2023-50387 (\u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f KeyTrap) &#8212; \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c  DNS-\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 CPU \u0438 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 DNSSEC. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 DNS-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u0441 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e DNS-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439.\n<p>Le impostazioni dannose consistono nell'utilizzo di una combinazione di chiavi, registrazioni RRSET e firme digitali in conflitto tra loro per la zona. Un tentativo di verifica usando queste chiavi porta all'esecuzione di operazioni pesanti in termini di risorse, che possono saturare completamente la CPU e bloccare l'elaborazione di altre richieste (si afferma ad esempio che durante un attacco a BIND si \u00e8 riusciti a fermare l'elaborazione di altre richieste per 16 ore).      <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2023-50868 (\u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f NSEC3) &#8212; \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0445\u044d\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044f\u0445 NSEC3 (Next Secure v3) \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 DNSSEC. \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e ,\u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 DNS-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439 NSEC3 RRSET.      <\/ul>\n<p>Si osserva che l'emergere delle vulnerabilit\u00e0 sopra menzionate \u00e8 stato causato dalla specifica DNSSEC che prevede la possibilit\u00e0 per un server DNS di inviare tutte le chiavi crittografiche disponibili, mentre i resolver devono elaborare tutte le chiavi ricevute finch\u00e9 la verifica non si concluda con successo o tutte le chiavi ricevute non vengano verificate.    <\/p>\n<p>Come misure per bloccare le vulnerabilit\u00e0 nei resolver \u00e8 stato limitato il numero massimo di chiavi DNSSEC coinvolte nel processo di costruzione della catena di fiducia e il numero massimo di calcoli degli hash per NSEC3, oltre a limitare i tentativi ripetuti di verifica per ogni RRSET (combinazioni di chiavi e firme) e per ogni risposta. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/server\/dts-los-angeles\/\"   title=\"server\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3614\">server<\/a>.     <\/p>\n<p>Le vulnerabilit\u00e0 sono state risolte negli aggiornamenti per Unbound (1.19.1), PowerDNS Recursor (4.8.6, 4.9.3, 5.0.2), Knot Resolver (5.7.1), dnsmasq (2.90) e BIND (9.16.48, 9.18.24 e 9.19.21). Lo stato di risoluzione delle vulnerabilit\u00e0 nelle distribuzioni pu\u00f2 essere valutato sulle seguenti pagine: Debian, Ubuntu, SUSE, RHEL, Fedora, Arch Linux, Gentoo, Slackware, NetBSD, FreeBSD.            <\/p>\n<p>Nelle versioni del server DNS BIND 9.16.48, 9.18.24 e 9.19.21 sono state risolte ulteriori vulnerabilit\u00e0:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2023-4408 &#8212; \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0445 DNS-\u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 CPU.\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2023-5517 &#8212; \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f assert-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0441 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0439 &#171;nxdomain-redirect&#187;.\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2023-5679 &#8212; \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f assert-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0441 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u043e\u0439 DNS64 \u0438  &#171;serve-stale&#187; (\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438, stale-cache-enable \u0438 stale-answer-enable) .\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2023-6516 &#8212; \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438.    <\/ul>\n<p>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=60599\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 DNSSEC \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 DNS-\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b BIND, PowerDNS, dnsmasq, Knot Resolver \u0438 Unbound. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 DNS-\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 DNSSEC, \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 CPU, \u043c\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 DNS-\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 DNSSEC, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043a \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043a \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 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