Le applicazioni che eseguono script in formato bat e cmd sulla piattaforma Windows utilizzando le funzioni native per l'esecuzione di processi sono vulnerabili a una falla che consente l'esecuzione di codice arbitrario nel caso di passaggio di argomenti senza una corretta escappatura dei caratteri speciali. Questa vulnerabilit\u00e0 \u00e8 stata battezzata BatBadBut e si manifesta nelle applicazioni che utilizzano le librerie standard di linguaggi come Rust, PHP, Node.js, Python, Ruby, Go, Erlang e Haskell. <\/p>\n
Il problema \u00e8 stato etichettato come vulnerabilit\u00e0 poich\u00e9 coinvolge funzioni di libreria come Command::arg e Command::args in Rust, progettate per la passaggio diretto degli argomenti al processo, senza l'elaborazione da parte del interprete dei comandi. Si presume che lo sviluppatore dell'applicazione possa non verificare gli argomenti, in quanto vengono passati direttamente al processo avviato. Mentre nei sistemi Unix gli argomenti vengono passati al processo singolarmente in un array, in Windows, utilizzando l'API CreateProcess, gli argomenti vengono forniti come un'unica stringa, la cui analisi ricade sul processo avviato. <\/p>\n
Quando si eseguono script bat e cmd sulla piattaforma Windows, la funzione CreateProcess() richiama implicitamente il file eseguibile cmd.exe, anche se l'applicazione non lo specifica al momento della chiamata. Il programma cmd.exe contiene una propria logica complessa per la separazione degli argomenti, in grado di distinguere gli argomenti propri e quelli dello script in esecuzione. Per evitare la sostituzione degli argomenti sulla piattaforma Windows, le librerie standard dei linguaggi di programmazione utilizzano gestori di escaping separati, che si sono rivelati aggirabili mediante la manipolazione delle virgolette doppie. <\/p>\n
\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 ‘.\/test.bat’ \u0441 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 ‘»&calc.exe’, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0451\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 ‘C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe \/c .\test.bat «»&calc.exe»‘ \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u043a \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 calc.exe. \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c «test» \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432, \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u044f\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f PATH, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b «test.bat». <\/p>\n
Attualmente \u00e8 stata rilasciata una correzione (CVE-2024-24576) per la libreria standard del linguaggio Rust ed \u00e8 inclusa nell'aggiornamento Rust 1.77.2. Sono in preparazione aggiornamenti per la vulnerabilit\u00e0 per Node.js e PHP (sono gi\u00e0 stati rilasciati i tag 8.2.18 e 8.3.5, ma i rilasci non sono ancora stati annunciati). I progetti Python, Ruby, Go, Erlang e Haskell hanno finora solo aggiunto una nota nella documentazione riguardante la vulnerabilit\u00e0 in assenza di un'adeguata escape dei caratteri speciali. <\/p>\n
In Rust 1.77.2 \u00e8 stata aggiunta un'ulteriore verifica nella libreria standard, che restituisce un errore se l'argomento di uno script in esecuzione contiene caratteri speciali che non possono essere garantiti come escapabili in modo sicuro. Per gli sviluppatori che implementano autonomamente la logica di escaping, \u00e8 disponibile il metodo CommandExt::raw_arg, che disabilita completamente l'escaping lato chiamate di libreria. <\/p>\n
\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0447\u0435\u043a \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a «%PATH%». \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043a\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f «%CMDCMDLINE%», \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0432 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e ‘»&calc.exe’ — ‘%CMDCMDLINE:~-1%&calc.exe’. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435 bat \u0438 cmd \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 Windows \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f BatBadBut \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u0430\u043a Rust, PHP, Node.js, Python, Ruby, Go, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-114973","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47 Vulnerabilit\u00e0 BatBadBut che colpisce le librerie standard di vari linguaggi di programmazione | ProHoster","description":"Le applicazioni che eseguono script in formato bat e cmd su piattaforma Windows utilizzando le funzioni di esecuzione dei processi integrate sono vulnerabili a un attacco che pu\u00f2 consentire l'esecuzione del proprio codice quando gli argomenti vengono passati all'avvio senza una separata escapabilit\u00e0 dei caratteri speciali. Questa vulnerabilit\u00e0 \u00e8 stata soprannominata BatBadBut e si manifesta nelle applicazioni che utilizzano le librerie standard di linguaggi come Rust, PHP, Node.js, Python, Ruby, Go.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-batbadbut-zatragivayushhaya-standartnye-biblioteki-razlichnyh-yazykov-programmirovaniya","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"it_IT","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c BatBadBut, 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