{"id":115237,"date":"2024-04-22T14:30:04","date_gmt":"2024-04-22T12:30:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-relyaczionno-grafovoj-subd-edgedb-5-0"},"modified":"2024-04-22T14:30:04","modified_gmt":"2024-04-22T12:30:04","slug":"vypusk-relyaczionno-grafovoj-subd-edgedb-5-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-relyaczionno-grafovoj-subd-edgedb-5-0","title":{"rendered":"Uscita del DBMS relazionale-grafico EdgeDB 5.0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c8 disponibile il rilascio del DBMS EdgeDB 5.0, che implementa un modello di dati relazionale-a-grafico e un linguaggio di query EdgeQL, ottimizzato per gestire dati gerarchici complessi. Il progetto si sviluppa come un'estensione di PostgreSQL, il cui codice \u00e8 scritto in Python e Rust (parser e parti critiche per le prestazioni), e viene distribuito sotto la licenza Apache 2.0. Le librerie client sono disponibili per i linguaggi Python, Go, Rust, .NET, Elixir e TypeScript\/Javascript. Viene fornito un toolkit da riga di comando per gestire il DBMS e per eseguire query in modo interattivo (REPL).    <\/p>\n<p>In EdgeDB, anzich\u00e9 un modello di dati basato su tabelle, si utilizza un sistema dichiarativo basato su tipi oggetto. Invece delle chiavi esterne (foreign key) per definire le relazioni tra i tipi, si utilizza il legame tramite riferimenti (un oggetto pu\u00f2 essere utilizzato come propriet\u00e0 di un altro oggetto).   <\/p>\n<p>     type Person {       required name: str;     }     type Movie {       required title: str;       multi actors: Person;     }      <\/p>\n<p>Sono supportate funzionalit\u00e0 come la tipizzazione rigorosa delle propriet\u00e0, vincoli sui valori delle propriet\u00e0, propriet\u00e0 calcolate e procedure memorizzate. Tra le caratteristiche dello schema oggettuale di storage di EdgeDB, simile a un ORM, si segnala la possibilit\u00e0 di mescolare schemi, legando propriet\u00e0 di diversi oggetti e integrando il supporto per JSON. Gli indici possono essere usati per velocizzare l'elaborazione delle query.     <\/p>\n<p>Vengono forniti strumenti integrati per la migrazione dello schema di archiviazione \u2014 dopo aver modificato lo schema definito in un file esdl separato, \u00e8 sufficiente eseguire il comando \u00abedgedb migration create\u00bb e il DBMS analizzer\u00e0 le differenze nello schema e generer\u00e0 in modo interattivo uno script per passare al nuovo schema. La cronologia delle modifiche dello schema viene monitorata automaticamente.    <\/p>\n<p>Per la creazione di query, \u00e8 supportato il linguaggio GraphQL e il linguaggio EdgeDB, che rappresenta un'adattamento di SQL per dati gerarchici. Invece di elenchi, i risultati delle query sono presentati in forma strutturata, e invece di sottoquery e operazioni JOIN, \u00e8 possibile specificare una query EdgeQL come espressione all'interno di un'altra query. Sono supportate transazioni e cicli.    <\/p>\n<p>     select Movie {       title,       actors: {         name       }     }     filter .title = &#171;The Matrix&#187;       insert Movie {       title := &#171;The Matrix Resurrections&#187;,       actors := (         select Person         filter .name in {           &#8216;Keanu Reeves&#8217;,           &#8216;Carrie-Anne Moss&#8217;,           &#8216;Laurence Fishburne&#8217;         }       )     }      <\/p>\n<p>Nella nuova versione:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\">\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (&#171;branching&#187;), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430 &#171;\u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445&#187; \u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 &#171;\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430&#187; (branch), \u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b &#171;create database&#187; \u0438 &#171;drop database&#187; \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438  \u0438 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b &#171;create empty branch&#187; \u0438 &#171;drop branch&#187;. \u041f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 &#171;create schema branch&#187; \u0438 &#171;create data branch&#187; \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u0411\u0414, \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435.\n<p>Praticamente, il supporto per i rami consente di sincronizzare i dati con il codice utilizzato per elaborarli, mantenendo al contempo la compatibilit\u00e0 con il vecchio codice. Ad esempio, dopo aver aggiornato il codice, \u00e8 possibile collegare un nuovo ramo dati a esso, tenendo conto delle modifiche apportate allo schema di storage. Questa funzionalit\u00e0 \u00e8 utile per semplificare lo sviluppo e il testing di nuove versioni di software, permettendo di passare a un ramo gi\u00e0 testato una volta terminato.      <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Nel pacchetto pgvector, utilizzato per la memorizzazione e interrogazione efficiente di vettori, \u00e8 stato aggiunto un nuovo tipo di indici HNSW (Hierarchical Navigable Small Worlds), che, similmente all'indice IVFFlat, \u00e8 disponibile in tre varianti: ext::pgvector::hnsw_euclidean, ext::pgvector::hnsw_ip e ext::pgvector::hnsw_cosine. Inoltre, le funzionalit\u00e0 di tuning degli indici sono state ampliate attraverso l'oggetto ext::pgvector::Config.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 auth  \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 WebAuthn (Passkeys) \u0438 &#171;magic links&#187; (\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 email). \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c Slack \u0438 Discord \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 OAuth-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432.\n<li class=\"l\"> Sono state apportate ottimizzazioni delle prestazioni. Nella realizzazione del cache con i risultati di compilazione delle query \u00e8 stata garantita la persistenza dello stato tra i riavvii e aggiunta la ricompilazione automatica dopo la migrazione. \u00c8 stata aumentata la velocit\u00e0 di lavoro con grandi schemi di storage.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0412 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 EdgeQL&#8203; \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 &#171;for&#187; \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e &#171;union&#187; \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0445, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f insert, update \u0438\u043b\u0438 delete.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00c8 stato aggiunto il comando vacuum() per la pulizia, ottimizzazione e impacchettamento dei contenuti del DB.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00c8 consentita la conversione dei dati tra il tipo bytes e i tipi int16, int32, int64 e uuid, utilizzando le funzioni to_bytes(), to_uuid() e to_int*().\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430  \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a \u0411\u0414 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 &#171;drop database&#187;.                  <\/ul>\n<p>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=61041\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0421\u0423\u0411\u0414 EdgeDB 5.0, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e-\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 EdgeQL, \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434 PostgreSQL, \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445 Python \u0438 Rust (\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438), \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 Apache 2.0. \u041a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432 Python, Go, Rust. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-115237","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0421\u0423\u0411\u0414 EdgeDB 5.0, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e-\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 EdgeQL, \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434 PostgreSQL, \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445 Python \u0438 Rust (\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438), 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