{"id":115283,"date":"2024-04-24T14:30:11","date_gmt":"2024-04-24T12:30:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-emulyatora-qemu-9-0-0"},"modified":"2024-04-24T14:30:11","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T12:30:11","slug":"vypusk-emulyatora-qemu-9-0-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-emulyatora-qemu-9-0-0","title":{"rendered":"Uscita dell'emulatore QEMU 9.0.0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c8 stato presentato il rilascio del progetto QEMU 9.0. Come emulatore, QEMU consente di eseguire un programma compilato per una piattaforma hardware su un sistema con architettura completamente diversa, ad esempio, eseguire un'applicazione per ARM su un PC compatibile con x86. In modalit\u00e0 virtualizzazione, le prestazioni di esecuzione del codice in un ambiente isolato sono vicine a quelle di un sistema hardware grazie all'esecuzione diretta delle istruzioni sulla CPU e all'uso dell'ipervisore Xen o del modulo KVM in Linux, o del modulo NVMM in NetBSD.    <\/p>\n<p>Il progetto \u00e8 stato originariamente creato da Fabrice Bellard con l'obiettivo di consentire l'esecuzione di file eseguibili Linux compilati per la piattaforma x86 su architetture diverse da x86. Negli anni di sviluppo \u00e8 stato aggiunto il supporto per la piena emulazione di 14 architetture hardware, mentre il numero di dispositivi hardware emulati ha superato 400. Per la versione 9.0 sono state apportate oltre 2700 modifiche da 220 sviluppatori.           <\/p>\n<p>Miglioramenti chiave aggiunti in QEMU 9.0:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Nel driver virtio-blk, che fornisce un dispositivo di blocco virtuale per <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/vps\/\"   title=\"di macchine virtuali\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2035\">di macchine virtuali<\/a>, \u00e8 stata aggiunta la supporto per un sistema di code multilivello (multiqueue), che consente di separare le code per diversi dispositivi di blocco per garantire l'accesso multithreaded su sistemi multicore (diverse code di un disco possono essere gestite da diversi thread di input\/output).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0412 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 usb-storage \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 &#8216;backend_defaults&#8217;, &#8216;logical_block_size&#8217;, &#8216;physical_block_size&#8217;, &#8216;min_io_size&#8217;, &#8216;opt_io_size&#8217; \u0438 &#8216;discard_granularity&#8217;.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nella libreria gdbstub, progettata per il debugging remoto in GDB utilizzando il protocollo RSP (Remote Serial Protocol), \u00e8 stata aggiunta la supporto per la modalit\u00e0 fork-follow, l'operazione siginfo:read e l'intercettazione delle chiamate di sistema nello spazio utente.\n<li class=\"l\"> I backend per la preallocazione della memoria sono stati adattati per funzionare in modalit\u00e0 multithreading e ora possono gestire simultaneamente richieste provenienti da pi\u00f9 thread.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0412 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c &#171;mapped-ram&#187;, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0448\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432  \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d. \u0423\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 multifd. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 VFIO (Virtual Function I\/O) \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f (checkpoint-restart).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00c8 stata riscritta l'implementazione del dispositivo ESP SCSI (am53c974\/dc390).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u0430 \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f SM4 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 &#8216;luks&#8217;.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0412 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440 &#8216;luks&#8217; \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 LUKS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nell'emulatore dell'architettura ARM \u00e8 stata implementata la supporto per le schede L475E-IOT01A IoT, mp3-an536 (MPS3 con firmware AN536) e raspi4b (Raspberry Pi 4 Model B). \u00c8 stata anche aggiunta la supporto per l'emulazione delle estensioni del processore ECV (Enhanced Counter Virtualization), NV (Nested Virtualization) e NV2 (Enhanced Nested Virtualization). Sono state ampliate le funzionalit\u00e0 degli emulatori per le schede Freescale i.MX6, Allwinner R40, Bananapi, Raspberry Pi, npcm7xx e virt.\n<li class=\"l\"> L'emulatore architetturale RISC-V ha aggiunto il supporto per le estensioni del set di istruzioni Zacas, amocas, RVA22, Zaamo, Zalrsc e Ztso. In <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"macchine virtuali\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4248\">macchine virtuali<\/a>  RISC-V \u00e8 stato aggiunto il supporto per SMBIOS. \u00c8 stato implementato il supporto per ACPI per SRAT, SLIT, AIA e PLIC. Aggiornato il supporto per le tabelle RHCT.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0412 \u044d\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b HPPA \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 16 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0430  SeaBIOS-hppa. \u041c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d \u0441 3 \u0413\u0411 \u0434\u043e 3840 \u041c\u0411. \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 &#171;&#8212;nodefaults&#187;.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nell'emulatore architetturale LoongArch \u00e8 stata aggiunta la supporto per l'accelerazione KVM e implementato il supporto per le estensioni vettoriali del set di istruzioni LSX\/LASX.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nell'emulatore architetturale s390x \u00e8 stato aggiunto il supporto per le istruzioni CVDG, CVB, CVBY e CVBG. \u00c8 stata migliorata l'emulazione LAE (Load Address Extended).\n<li class=\"l\"> Nell'emulatore architetturale 68k \u00e8 stato aggiunto il dispositivo nubus-virtio-mmio, consentendo l'accesso ai dispositivi virtio dalle macchine q800.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u041e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043c  &#8216;-fzero-call-used-regs&#8217;, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u0442\u0435\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f ROP-\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 (Return-Oriented Programming) \u0432 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0445. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043c  &#8216;-ftrivial-auto-var-init=zero&#8217; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435.\n<li class=\"l\"> Per eseguire QEMU con KVM \u00e8 ora necessario avere almeno il kernel Linux 4.4. Per gli host ARM in futuro si prevede di alzare questa soglia alla versione 4.19. \u00c8 stata interrotta la supporto per l'uso di Windows a 32 bit come sistemi operativi host.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aggiunta la supporto per OpenBSD 7.4.      <\/ul>\n<p>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=61060\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 QEMU 9.0. \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u044d\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 QEMU \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f ARM \u043d\u0430 x86-\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043c \u041f\u041a. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 QEMU \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043a \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 CPU \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f 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