{"id":119185,"date":"2024-08-08T09:43:01","date_gmt":"2024-08-08T07:43:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-ghostwrite-predostavlyayushhaya-polnyj-dostup-k-fizicheskoj-pamyati-na-cpu-risc-v-xuantie"},"modified":"2024-08-08T09:43:01","modified_gmt":"2024-08-08T07:43:01","slug":"uyazvimost-ghostwrite-predostavlyayushhaya-polnyj-dostup-k-fizicheskoj-pamyati-na-cpu-risc-v-xuantie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-ghostwrite-predostavlyayushhaya-polnyj-dostup-k-fizicheskoj-pamyati-na-cpu-risc-v-xuantie","title":{"rendered":"Vulnerabilit\u00e0 GhostWrite, che concede accesso completo alla memoria fisica su CPU RISC-V XuanTie","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>I ricercatori del Centro Helmholtz per la Sicurezza Informatica (CISPA) hanno pubblicato i risultati di uno studio sulla sicurezza dei processori basati sull'architettura RISC-V, rivelando informazioni su una vulnerabilit\u00e0 con il nome in codice GhostWrite. Questa vulnerabilit\u00e0 riguarda i processori RISC-V XuanTie C910, prodotti dalla societ\u00e0 cinese T-Head (una divisione di Alibaba) e sviluppati come progetti open source. La vulnerabilit\u00e0 consente a un attaccante con accesso limitato e non privilegiato al sistema di poter leggere e scrivere in qualsiasi area della memoria fisica e di accedere al controllo delle periferiche, come le schede di rete, che utilizzano MMIO (Input\/Output Mappato in Memoria).      <\/p>\n<p>La vulnerabilit\u00e0 \u00e8 causata da carenze nell'architettura del processore relative all'isolamento delle istruzioni aggiunte dal produttore, che espandono l'architettura del set di istruzioni RISC-V e consentono l'accesso diretto alla DRAM, bypassando i meccanismi di memoria virtuale. Il funzionamento di alcune istruzioni avanzate direttamente con la memoria fisica invece che con la memoria virtuale permette di eludere l'isolamento della memoria tra i processi.        <\/p>\n<p>La tecnica di attacco preparata \u00e8 riproducibile al 100% e richiede l'esecuzione del proprio codice in pochi microsecondi. I metodi software di isolamento, come i contenitori e gli ambienti sandbox, non ostacolano l'esploitazione della vulnerabilit\u00e0. Per bloccare la vulnerabilit\u00e0, \u00e8 necessario disattivare completamente il supporto per le estensioni vettoriali, il che porta a una riduzione delle prestazioni nei test rvv-bench del 33% (nell'annotazione del rapporto \u00e8 indicato il 77%, mentre nella pagina di sintesi \u00e8 indicato il 33%, e nei dettagli si menziona una diminuzione delle prestazioni di memcpy del 33% e di memset dell'8%), riducendo anche circa della met\u00e0 il set di istruzioni della CPU disponibile per le applicazioni.       <\/p>\n<p>Le CPU XuanTie C910 sono tra i chip RISC-V ad alte prestazioni disponibili sul mercato e sono gi\u00e0 ampiamente utilizzate in <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/server\/dts-gdansk\/\"   title=\"server\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4560\">server<\/a> sistemi cloud e laptop. Ad esempio, il problema si manifesta nei server Scaleway Elastic Metal RV1, nei cluster Lichee Cluster 4A, nel laptop Lichee Book 4A, nella console di gioco Lichee Console 4A, nel computer portatile Lichee Pocket 4A, nei single-board PC Sipeed Lichee Pi 4A, Milk-V Meles e BeagleV-Ahead.            <\/p>\n<p>Come esempio, i ricercatori hanno preparato un exploit che consente a un utente non privilegiato di ottenere i diritti di root in Linux. L'exploit modifica il contenuto della tabella delle pagine in memoria, utilizzata per la traduzione degli indirizzi virtuali in indirizzi fisici, per ottenere indirizzi virtuali associati a indirizzi fisici. \u00c8 stato anche preparato un esempio di exploit per leggere il contenuto della memoria del kernel e di altri processi, permettendo di estrarre le chiavi di crittografia e le password memorizzate in memoria.          <center>  <video  controls=\"\" style=\"width: 700px; height: 400px; max-width:100%\"><source src=\"https:\/\/ghostwriteattack.com\/kernel-getuid-sudo-attack.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><\/video>  <\/center>        <\/p>\n<p>Inoltre, i ricercatori hanno identificato altre due vulnerabilit\u00e0 architetturali meno gravi: una riguarda i processori T-Head XuanTie C906, mentre l'altra il T-Head XuanTie C908. Entrambe le vulnerabilit\u00e0 comportano un attacco di negazione del servizio a causa dell'interruzione del funzionamento della CPU. Queste vulnerabilit\u00e0 possono rappresentare un pericolo per le piattaforme cloud basate su chip T-Head XuanTie, in quanto, avendo accesso all'esecuzione del codice in un ambiente cloud, \u00e8 possibile interrompere il funzionamento anche di altri utenti serviti sulla stessa infrastruttura. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/server\/dts-newyork\/\"   title=\"server\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2777\">server<\/a>.      <\/p>\n<p>I problemi sono stati identificati utilizzando il framework RISCVuzz, progettato per il fuzzing dei test delle CPU. Questo framework rileva le differenze nelle implementazioni delle stesse istruzioni estese su diverse CPU, secondo l'ipotesi che, a causa dell'assenza di un registro unificato delle estensioni del set di comandi RISC-V, istruzioni codificate in modo simile su chip di diversi produttori possano comportare azioni disparate. La verifica \u00e8 stata condotta confrontando il comportamento nella gestione delle istruzioni della CPU su diverse CPU RISC-V e analizzando le possibili vulnerabilit\u00e0 in situazioni in cui si osservava una divergenza di comportamento.<br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=61671\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CISPA) \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b 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[&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119185","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CISPA) \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 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property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c GhostWrite, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 CPU RISC-V XuanTie | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CISPA) \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b 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Questa vulnerabilit\u00e0 interessa i processori RISC-V XuanTie C910, prodotti dalla compagnia cinese T-Head (sottodivisione di Alibaba) e sviluppati come progetti open source. La vulnerabilit\u00e0 consente a un attaccante con accesso limitato e non privilegiato al sistema di ottenere la lettura e","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-ghostwrite-predostavlyayushhaya-polnyj-dostup-k-fizicheskoj-pamyati-na-cpu-risc-v-xuantie","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"it_IT","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c GhostWrite, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 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