{"id":120608,"date":"2024-11-20T01:09:18","date_gmt":"2024-11-19T23:09:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimosti-v-utilite-needrestart-pozvolyayushhie-poluchit-root-dostup-v-ubuntu-server"},"modified":"2024-11-20T01:09:18","modified_gmt":"2024-11-19T23:09:18","slug":"uyazvimosti-v-utilite-needrestart-pozvolyayushhie-poluchit-root-dostup-v-ubuntu-server","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimosti-v-utilite-needrestart-pozvolyayushhie-poluchit-root-dostup-v-ubuntu-server","title":{"rendered":"Vulnerabilit\u00e0 nel tool needrestart, che consentono l'accesso root su Ubuntu Server.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>L'azienda Qualys ha identificato tre vulnerabilit\u00e0 nell'utilit\u00e0 needrestart, progettata per riavviare i processi in background dopo l'aggiornamento delle librerie utilizzate dai processi. A partire da Ubuntu 21.04, l'utility needrestart \u00e8 inclusa nell'ambiente di base di Ubuntu Server, dove viene eseguita con privilegi di root al termine di ogni transazione del gestore pacchetti APT, scansiona i processi in esecuzione e riavvia quelli collegati ai file che sono stati modificati dopo l'aggiornamento dei pacchetti. Le vulnerabilit\u00e0 identificate consentono a un utente locale non privilegiato di ottenere diritti di root su Ubuntu Server nella configurazione predefinita.      <\/p>\n<p>Le vulnerabilit\u00e0 sono presenti in needrestart a partire dalla version 0.8 (2014) e sono state corrette nella versione needrestart 3.8. I problemi sono gi\u00e0 stati risolti anche nelle distribuzioni Debian e Ubuntu. Come soluzione alternativa per bloccare l'exploitation della vulnerabilit\u00e0, \u00e8 possibile disabilitare la scansione degli interpreti impostando nel file di configurazione \/etc\/needrestart\/needrestart.conf il parametro \"$nrconf{interpscan} = 0$\".      <\/p>\n<p>Le vulnerabilit\u00e0 sono presenti nel codice che implementa la modalit\u00e0 di rilevamento degli aggiornamenti degli script eseguiti utilizzando gli interpreti. I problemi identificati:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2024-48990 \u2014 un utente locale pu\u00f2 ottenere l'esecuzione di codice con diritti di root creando le condizioni per eseguire l'interprete Python con la variabile d'ambiente PYTHONPATH impostata dall'attaccante. Oltre all'uso di Python, l'attacco pu\u00f2 essere condotto (CVE-2024-48992) anche avviando l'interprete Ruby con la variabile d'ambiente RUBYLIB.\n<p>Le vulnerabilit\u00e0 sono causate dal fatto che durante il riavvio di uno script modificato, l'utilit\u00e0 needrestart imposta la variabile d'ambiente PYTHONPATH in base al contenuto del file \/proc\/pid\/environ, che viene quindi utilizzato anche per eseguire il proprio codice Python. Di conseguenza, l'attaccante pu\u00f2 attendere un'attivit\u00e0 legata al gestore di pacchetti APT, simulare la modifica del proprio script e impostare la variabile d'ambiente PYTHONPATH, che verr\u00e0 applicata anche durante l'esecuzione del codice Python incorporato in needrestart (\"import sys\n print(sys.path)\") eseguito con diritti di root.    <\/p>\n<p>Ad esempio, per sfruttare la vulnerabilit\u00e0, \u00e8 possibile avviare un processo Python che rimane in memoria, impostando per esso la variabile d'ambiente \"PYTHONPATH=\/home\/test\" e posizionare una libreria condivisa \"\/home\/test\/importlib\/__init__.so\", che verr\u00e0 eseguita durante l'esecuzione del codice Python privilegiato in needrestart.           <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2024-48991 \u2014 un utente locale pu\u00f2 ottenere l'esecuzione di codice con diritti di root attraverso l'iniziazione di una condizione di gara (race condition), per cui needrestart avvia un interprete Python fittizio fornito dall'attaccante anzich\u00e9 l'interprete Python di sistema. La natura della vulnerabilit\u00e0 \u00e8 simile al problema sopra menzionato, con la differenza che needrestart determina il nome del processo Python (ad esempio, \/usr\/bin\/python3) leggendo \"\/proc\/pid\/exe\".\n<p>Per sfruttare la vulnerabilit\u00e0, \u00e8 possibile creare un processo \/home\/test\/race, che utilizza il meccanismo inotify per attendere il momento in cui needrestart inizia a leggere il contenuto di \/proc\/pid\/exe, e subito dopo avviare tramite la funzione execve l'interprete Python di sistema. Poich\u00e9 needrestart non verifica se questo \u00e8 realmente Python, considerer\u00e0 che \/home\/test\/race sia l'interprete Python e lo eseguir\u00e0 per il suo codice.         <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2024-11003 \u2014 un utente locale pu\u00f2 ottenere l'esecuzione di comandi shell arbitrari con diritti di root creando condizioni per l'elaborazione da parte di needrestart di nomi di file nel formato \"comando|\", il cui passaggio alla funzione Perl open() porter\u00e0 all'esecuzione del comando. In effetti, la vulnerabilit\u00e0 si manifesta nel modulo Perl ScanDeps (CVE-2024-10224), ma \u00e8 causata dal passaggio a questo modulo di parametri esterni senza adeguati controlli.\n<p>L'attacco pu\u00f2 essere condotto avviando uno script Perl con il simbolo \"|\" nel nome, ad esempio \"\/home\/test\/perl|\". Durante l'esecuzione della funzione scan_deps() in needrestart, questo file verr\u00e0 aperto tramite la funzione open(), che interpreter\u00e0 il simbolo \"|\" come un flag per avviare il programma \"\/home\/test\/perl\" e utilizzare il flusso di output fornito da questo programma.                 <\/ul>\n<p>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62261\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Qualys \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 needrestart, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a. \u041d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 Ubuntu 21.04 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430 needrestart \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f Ubuntu Server, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 root \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0430 APT, \u0441\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0438\u0445, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-120608","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 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