{"id":121869,"date":"2025-02-12T14:22:12","date_gmt":"2025-02-12T12:22:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dlya-systemd-razvivaetsya-vozmozhnost-zagruzki-sistemnyh-obrazov-po-http"},"modified":"2025-02-12T14:22:12","modified_gmt":"2025-02-12T12:22:12","slug":"dlya-systemd-razvivaetsya-vozmozhnost-zagruzki-sistemnyh-obrazov-po-http","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/news\/dlya-systemd-razvivaetsya-vozmozhnost-zagruzki-sistemnyh-obrazov-po-http","title":{"rendered":"Per systemd si sta sviluppando la possibilit\u00e0 di caricare immagini di sistema via HTTP","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Lennart Poettering ha proposto di includere nel gestore di sistema systemd una modifica che consenta di avviare il sistema utilizzando un'immagine del filesystem radice ottenuta da un host esterno tramite il protocollo HTTP. La modifica consiste nell'estensione di systemd per scaricare non solo l'immagine disco via HTTP nella fase iniziale di avvio, ma anche per estrarre l'immagine scaricata, collegarla a un dispositivo a blocchi in modalit\u00e0 loopback, montare il dispositivo a blocchi come \/sysroot e avviare il sistema da esso.      <\/p>\n<p>Il supporto per il download delle immagini disco durante l'avvio del sistema tramite systemd-import-generator \u00e8 gi\u00e0 incluso in systemd 257. Il resto delle funzionalit\u00e0 \u00e8 attualmente in fase di prototipo, che richiede ulteriori sviluppi. Al momento non viene supportato un ciclo di avvio completo, ma in futuro si prevede di completare le funzionalit\u00e0 per avviare tramite UEFI HTTP Boot immagini del kernel universali UKI (Unified Kernel Image), che uniscono in un unico file il caricatore per UEFI (UEFI boot stub), l'immagine del kernel Linux e l'ambiente di sistema che viene caricato in memoria, initrd.     <\/p>\n<p>L'URL per il download dell'immagine di sistema verr\u00e0 calcolato in base all'URL fornito per l'immagine EFI nelle impostazioni di UEFI HTTP Boot (ad esempio, durante il boot tramite EFI HTTP Boot \u00abhttp:\/\/example.com\/somedir\/myimage.efi\u00bb, il gestore UKI initrd caricher\u00e0 l'immagine rootfs come \u00abhttp:\/\/example.com\/somedir\/myimage.raw.xz\u00bb). In seguito, oltre a HTTP, si prevede di aggiungere supporto per la tecnologia NVMe-over-TCP come mezzo di trasporto per ricevere l'immagine, consentendo l'accesso ai dischi NVMe tramite rete (NVM Express over Fabrics), utilizzando il protocollo TCP.      <\/p>\n<p>Si prevede che il boot da immagini ottenute da un host esterno semplificher\u00e0 l'organizzazione dei test di sistemi operativi moderni immutabili su hardware reale. Lo sviluppatore pu\u00f2 creare un'immagine con l'ambiente di sistema utilizzando l'utility mkosi sul proprio computer e renderla disponibile tramite HTTP con il comando \u00abmkosi -f serve\u00bb. Sul computer in cui testare il funzionamento del sistema, \u00e8 sufficiente abilitare il boot EFI tramite HTTP e aggiungere l'URL dell'immagine da caricare con il comando: kernel-bootcfg \u2014add-uri=http:\/\/192.168.47.11:8081\/image.efi \u2014title=testloop \u2014boot-order=0      <\/p>\n<p>Dopo di che, \u00e8 possibile semplicemente riavviare il computer e questo caricher\u00e0 l'immagine del kernel UKI di default, che a sua volta caricher\u00e0 l'immagine del disco preparata dallo sviluppatore con il filesystem radice. Fino a disabilitare il caricamento in EFI tramite HTTP, ogni successivo riavvio del computer porter\u00e0 al caricamento di una nuova immagine di sistema. In questa tipologia di test non vengono toccati i dischi locali.<br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62711\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u041f\u043e\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433 (Lennart Poettering) \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440 systemd \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0424\u0421, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e c \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443 HTTP. \u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e systemd \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043f\u043e HTTP \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0432 loopback-\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435, \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-121869","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" 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