{"id":124015,"date":"2025-05-04T09:05:07","date_gmt":"2025-05-04T07:05:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/razrabotchiki-yadra-linux-na-puti-k-udaleniyu-podderzhki-proczessorov-i486"},"modified":"2025-05-04T09:05:07","modified_gmt":"2025-05-04T07:05:07","slug":"razrabotchiki-yadra-linux-na-puti-k-udaleniyu-podderzhki-proczessorov-i486","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/news\/razrabotchiki-yadra-linux-na-puti-k-udaleniyu-podderzhki-proczessorov-i486","title":{"rendered":"Gli sviluppatori del kernel Linux sono sulla strada per rimuovere il supporto per i processori i486","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ingo Molnar, maintainer dell'architettura x86, del meccanismo di locking e dello scheduler nel kernel Linux, ha presentato per discussione un insieme di patch che rimuovono dal kernel il supporto per i processori 486 (M486, M486SX, AMD ELAN) e le prime serie di processori 586. Nel kernel si propone di mantenere solo la possibilit\u00e0 di lavorare con i processori x86 che supportano l'istruzione CX8 (CMPXCHG8B) e il registro TSC (Time Stamp Counter), apparsi nei CPU Pentium.     <\/p>\n<p>Si osserva che per supportare i CPU 486 nel kernel \u00e8 necessario mantenere codice che emula le operazioni CX8 (comparare e scambiare 8 byte) e TSC (contatore dei cicli CPU, utilizzato nello scheduler). Questo codice complica il kernel, ne rende difficile la manutenzione e talvolta diventa fonte di problemi, la cui risoluzione demanda tempo agli sviluppatori. La cessazione del supporto per i 486 consentirebbe di rimuovere dal kernel 14104 righe di codice, semplificando notevolmente alcune funzioni nel kernel grazie all'eliminazione degli strati che emulano CX8 e TSC e permettendo di liberarsi della libreria math-emu, che emula l'FPU.      <\/p>\n<p>Un giorno prima della pubblicazione delle patch, Linus Torvalds ha sollevato la questione dell'opportunit\u00e0 di rimuovere il supporto per i 486 durante la discussione su un problema ricorrente legato all'emulazione di CX8. Linus ritiene sia giunto il momento di rinunciare al supporto per i CPU 486 e non vede motivi per continuare a far perdere tempo agli sviluppatori nella risoluzione dei problemi che ne derivano. Il supporto per i processori 386 era stato rimosso dal kernel nel 2012. Secondo i partecipanti alla discussione, ora \u00e8 arrivato il momento di rimuovere il supporto per i CPU 486. Nell'ottobre 2022, Linus aveva gi\u00e0 pubblicato una proposta simile, ma non ha avuto seguito.      <\/p>\n<p>Nei sistemi 486 ancora in uso, i kernel Linux attuali non vengono praticamente utilizzati. Varianti specializzate dei processori 486 per sistemi embedded, come Intel Quark, supportano CX8 e TSC e non verranno interessate. I vecchi CPU 486 originali continuano generalmente a essere utilizzati con distribuzioni obsolete che forniscono vecchie versioni del kernel Linux. Le moderne distribuzioni Linux hanno da tempo cessato il supporto per i sistemi x86 a 32 bit o sono passate all'utilizzo dell'opzione X86_PAE, che richiede il supporto per CX8.<br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=63184\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u043d\u0433\u043e \u041c\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0440 (Ingo Molnar), \u043c\u044d\u0439\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b x86, \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 Linux, \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0439, \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 486 (M486, M486SX, AMD ELAN) \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 586. \u0412 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 x86, 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