{"id":183118,"date":"2026-08-26T10:56:07","date_gmt":"2026-08-26T08:56:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/news\/pervyj-vypusk-mklinux-dlya-odnovremennogo-vypolneniya-neskolkih-ekzemplyarov-yadra-linux"},"modified":"2026-08-26T10:56:10","modified_gmt":"2026-08-26T08:56:10","slug":"first-mklinux-release-for-running-multiple-linux-kernel-instances-simultaneously","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/news\/first-mklinux-release-for-running-multiple-linux-kernel-instances-simultaneously","title":{"rendered":"Primo rilascio di mklinux per l'esecuzione simultanea di pi\u00f9 istanze del kernel Linux","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c8 stata presentata la prima versione pubblica del progetto Multikernel Linux (mklinux-v7.0-mk2), che sviluppa una variante del kernel Linux dotata della possibilit\u00e0 di eseguire pi\u00f9 istanze indipendenti del kernel su un unico computer fisico senza l'uso di un hypervisor e virtualizzazione. Ogni istanza del kernel ha accesso diretto alle risorse hardware e pu\u00f2 essere utilizzata per eseguire ambienti di sistema isolati. La prima versione \u00e8 basata sul kernel Linux 7.0 e contiene la configurazione di build \u00abCONFIG_MULTIKERNEL\u00bb, disabilitando la quale il kernel diventa completamente equivalente al kernel di base 7.0. Attualmente, solo l'architettura CPU x86_64 \u00e8 supportata. <\/p>\n

Il Multikernel \u00e8 presentato come un nuovo meccanismo di isolamento che occupa uno spazio intermedio tra la virtualizzazione tramite hypervisor e l'isolamento dei container basato su un kernel condiviso. A differenza della virtualizzazione, il Multikernel non richiede l'uso di un hypervisor, semplifica la creazione di ambienti per l'esecuzione isolata di singole applicazioni e consente di ottenere elevate prestazioni senza l'overhead della virtualizzazione. A differenza dei container, il Multikernel fornisce un elevato livello di isolamento e consente di utilizzare un kernel separato in ogni ambiente isolato, il cui arresto anomalo o sfruttamento di vulnerabilit\u00e0 non influisce su altri ambienti.

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Il kernel host garantisce la distribuzione delle risorse CPU, memoria e dispositivi PCI disponibili tra le istanze aggiuntive del kernel che operano in parallelo. Ogni istanza viene eseguita su un nucleo CPU dedicato, opera con i dispositivi a essa assegnati e ha accesso a un'area riservata di memoria fisica. L'esecuzione simultanea di pi\u00f9 kernel avviene senza virtualizzazione, utilizzando un gestore SMP che distribuisce le CPU disponibili. \u00c8 supportata l'assegnazione dinamica delle risorse agli ambienti in esecuzione e la garanzia di prestazioni prevedibili. <\/p>\n

Grazie all'esclusione dei sovraccarichi tipici della virtualizzazione, le prestazioni nell'uso di Multikernel sono valutate come prossime a quelle di un'esecuzione su hardware dedicato. Con l'uso di Multikernel, non \u00e8 presente la fase di passaggio di controllo tra le macchine virtuali (VM exit), non vengono utilizzate le pagine di memoria di secondo livello, esiste un modello separato di dispositivi e la traduzione dell'IOMMU. Rispetto a un hypervisor. KVM<\/a> L'utilizzo di Multikernel porta a un aumento delle prestazioni di varie chiamate di sistema e funzioni da 1,07 a 2,5 volte (fork + exit \u2014 1,07x, write() \u2014 1,39x, AF_UNIX \u2014 1,55x, Pipe \u2014 2,18x, cambio di contesto \u2014 2,50x), la larghezza di banda e la latenza nelle operazioni di memoria rimangono a livelli comparabili.

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Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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