{"id":33708,"date":"2019-10-31T21:54:17","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:54:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/uyazvimost-exchange-kak-obnaruzhit-povyshenie-privilegij-do-administratora-domena\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:54:17","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:54:17","slug":"uyazvimost-exchange-kak-obnaruzhit-povyshenie-privilegij-do-administratora-domena","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uyazvimost-exchange-kak-obnaruzhit-povyshenie-privilegij-do-administratora-domena","title":{"rendered":"Vulnerabilit\u00e0 di Exchange: come rilevare l'aumento dei privilegi a quello di amministratore di dominio","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La vulnerabilit\u00e0 scoperta quest'anno <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/dirkjanm.io\/abusing-exchange-one-api-call-away-from-domain-admin\/\">in Exchange<\/a><\/noindex> consente a qualsiasi utente del dominio di ottenere diritti di amministratore del dominio e compromettere Active Directory (AD) e altri host collegati. Oggi parleremo di come funziona questo attacco e come rilevarlo. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vulnerabilit\u00e0 di Exchange: come rilevare l&#039;aumento dei privilegi a quello di amministratore di dominio\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/12a864f42046627d1ae2dfe3be7bc30b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<b> Ecco come funziona questo attacco:<\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>L'attaccante prende possesso di un account di qualsiasi utente del dominio con una casella di posta attiva per iscriversi alla funzione di notifiche push di Exchange.<\/li>\n<li>L'attaccante utilizza il relay NTLM per ingannare il server Exchange: di conseguenza, il server Exchange si connette al computer dell'utente compromesso utilizzando il metodo NTLM over HTTP, che l'attaccante poi utilizza per superare la procedura di autenticazione sul controller di dominio tramite LDAP con i dati dell'account Exchange.<\/li>\n<li>Alla fine, l'attaccante utilizza queste credenziali dell'account Exchange per innalzare i propri privilegi. Quest'ultimo passaggio pu\u00f2 essere infatti eseguito anche da un amministratore malevolo che ha gi\u00e0 accesso legittimo per apportare la modifica necessaria dei diritti. Creando una regola per rilevare questa attivit\u00e0, sarai protetto da questo e da attacchi simili.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\nSuccessivamente, l'attaccante pu\u00f2, ad esempio, avviare DCSync per ottenere le password hash di tutti gli utenti del dominio. Questo gli consentir\u00e0 di attuare diversi tipi di attacchi, dai golden ticket trasferiti agli attacchi di pass-the-hash.<\/p>\n<p>Il team di ricerca di Varonis ha esaminato in dettaglio questo vettore di attacco e ha preparato una guida per i nostri clienti su come rilevarlo e verificare se sono gi\u00e0 stati compromessi.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Rilevazione dell'innalzamento dei privilegi nel dominio<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\nIn <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.varonis.com\/ru\/products\/datalert\/\">DatAlert<\/a><\/noindex> crea una regola personalizzata per monitorare le modifiche a determinate autorizzazioni sugli oggetti. Essa si attiver\u00e0 al momento dell'aggiunta di diritti e autorizzazioni all'oggetto di interesse nel dominio:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Specifica il nome della regola<\/li>\n<li>Imposta la categoria come \u00abInnalzamento dei privilegi\u00bb <\/li>\n<li>Imposta il valore per il tipo di risorsa su \u00abTutti i tipi di risorse\u00bb <\/li>\n<li>File server = DirectoryServices <\/li>\n<li>Specifica il dominio di tuo interesse, ad esempio per nome <\/li>\n<li>Aggiungi un filtro per l'aggiunta di autorizzazioni sull'oggetto AD <\/li>\n<li>E non dimenticare di lasciare deselezionata l'opzione \u00abCerca negli oggetti figlio\u00bb <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vulnerabilit\u00e0 di Exchange: come rilevare l&#039;aumento dei privilegi a quello di amministratore di dominio\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/0cf2b115a007cd44253adbae88e41b39.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2> <b>E ora il report: rilevazione della modifica dei diritti sull'oggetto del dominio <\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\nLe modifiche ai permessi degli oggetti AD sono piuttosto rare, quindi tutto ci\u00f2 che ha sollevato questo avviso deve essere indagato. \u00c8 anche consigliabile testare l'aspetto e il contenuto del rapporto prima di mettere in atto la regola.<\/p>\n<p>Questo rapporto mostrer\u00e0 anche se sei gi\u00e0 stato compromesso da questo attacco:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vulnerabilit\u00e0 di Exchange: come rilevare l&#039;aumento dei privilegi a quello di amministratore di dominio\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/d0f815a00dbcd0385c9632d66a4546db.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nDopo l'attivazione della regola, \u00e8 possibile indagare su tutti gli altri eventi di elevazione dei privilegi utilizzando l'interfaccia web di DatAlert:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vulnerabilit\u00e0 di Exchange: come rilevare l&#039;aumento dei privilegi a quello di amministratore di dominio\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/29f01b0c8882ebdf022719941e131645.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nDopo aver configurato questa regola, sarai in grado di monitorare e proteggerti da questi e simili tipi di vulnerabilit\u00e0 del sistema di sicurezza, indagare sugli eventi relativi agli oggetti dei servizi di directory AD e verificare se sei esposto a questa vulnerabilit\u00e0 critica.<br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/varonis\/blog\/451906\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 Exchange \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c Active Directory (AD) \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c. \u0412\u043e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430: \u0417\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u044e \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0441 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u044f\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":25390,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33708","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 Exchange \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uyazvimost-exchange-kak-obnaruzhit-povyshenie-privilegij-do-administratora-domena\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.1.1\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c Exchange: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043e \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u041e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 Exchange \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c.\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uyazvimost-exchange-kak-obnaruzhit-povyshenie-privilegij-do-administratora-domena\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T18:54:17+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T18:54:17+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Vulnerabilit\u00e0 di Exchange: come rilevare un'elevazione dei privilegi a amministratore di dominio | ProHoster","description":"La vulnerabilit\u00e0 scoperta quest'anno in Exchange consente a qualsiasi utente del dominio di ottenere.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uyazvimost-exchange-kak-obnaruzhit-povyshenie-privilegij-do-administratora-domena","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"it_IT","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c Exchange: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043e \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 Exchange \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uyazvimost-exchange-kak-obnaruzhit-povyshenie-privilegij-do-administratora-domena","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T18:54:17+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T18:54:17+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"33708","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-21 16:23:19","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-02-28 23:14:52","updated":"2026-01-21 16:23:19","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33708","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33708"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33708\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25390"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33708"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33708"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33708"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}