{"id":35281,"date":"2019-10-31T22:03:25","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:03:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/massovaya-ataka-na-uyazvimye-pochtovye-servery-na-osnove-exim\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:03:25","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:03:25","slug":"massovaya-ataka-na-uyazvimye-pochtovye-servery-na-osnove-exim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/news\/massovaya-ataka-na-uyazvimye-pochtovye-servery-na-osnove-exim","title":{"rendered":"Attacco massivo a server di posta vulnerabili basati su Exim","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p> Ricercatori di sicurezza di Cybereason <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cybereason.com\/blog\/new-pervasive-worm-exploiting-linux-exim-server-vulnerability\">hanno avvertito<\/a><\/noindex> gli amministratori dei server di posta riguardo alla rilevazione di un attacco automatizzato su larga scala che sfrutta <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50819\">una vulnerabilit\u00e0 crittografica<\/a><\/noindex> (CVE-2019-10149) in Exim, scoperta la scorsa settimana. Durante l'attacco, gli aggressori riescono a eseguire il proprio codice con diritti root e installano sul server malware per il mining di criptovalute.<\/p>\n<p>Secondo i dati di giugno <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.securityspace.com\/s_survey\/data\/man.201905\/mxsurvey.html\">sondaggio automatizzato<\/a><\/noindex> La quota di Exim \u00e8 del 57,05% (un anno fa 56,56%), Postfix \u00e8 usato nel 34,52% (33,79%) dei server di posta, Sendmail \u00e8 al 4,05% (4,59%), Microsoft Exchange \u00e8 allo 0,57% (0,85%). A <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shodan.io\/report\/uSLHrfCA\">dati<\/a><\/noindex> Attraverso il servizio Shodan, oltre 3,6 milioni di server di posta nella rete globale risultano potenzialmente vulnerabili, poich\u00e9 non sono stati aggiornati all'ultima versione attuale di Exim 4.92. Circa 2 milioni di server potenzialmente vulnerabili si trovano negli Stati Uniti, 192.000 in Russia. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/media\/D89Gf0KUcAAJY44.jpg\">informazioni<\/a><\/noindex> Secondo la societ\u00e0 RiskIQ, il 70% dei server con Exim ha gi\u00e0 effettuato il passaggio alla versione 4.92.<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Attacco massivo a server di posta vulnerabili basati su Exim\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/f179c76afaa02fedfe6c542f99dbcb9c.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Si raccomanda agli amministratori di installare con urgenza le aggiornamenti, predisposti gi\u00e0 la scorsa settimana dalle distribuzioni (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2019-10149\">Debian<\/a><\/noindex>,  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/people.canonical.com\/~ubuntu-security\/cve\/2019\/CVE-2019-10149.html\">Ubuntu<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.novell.com\/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-10149\">openSUSE<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.archlinux.org\/packages\/community\/x86_64\/exim\/\">Arch Linux<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bodhi.fedoraproject.org\/updates\/FEDORA-2019-7b741dcaa4\">Fedora<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/fedoraproject.org\/wiki\/EPEL\">EPEL per RHEL\/CentOS<\/a><\/noindex>). In caso di presenza nel sistema di una vulnerabilit\u00e0 della versione Exim (dalla 4.87 alla 4.91 inclusa), \u00e8 necessario assicurarsi che il sistema non sia gi\u00e0 stato compromesso, controllando il crontab per eventuali chiamate sospette e assicurando l'assenza di chiavi aggiuntive nella cartella \/root\/.ssh. L'attivit\u00e0 nei log del firewall da host an7kmd2wp4xo7hpr.tor2web.su, an7kmd2wp4xo7hpr.tor2web.io e an7kmd2wp4xo7hpr.onion.sh pu\u00f2 anche indicare un attacco, che viene utilizzato nel processo di caricamento del malware. <\/p>\n<p>I primi tentativi di attacco ai server Exim <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/freddieleeman\/status\/1137729455181500421\">sono stati registrati<\/a><\/noindex> sono stati registrati il 9 giugno. Entro il 13 giugno, l'attacco <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/0xAmit\/status\/1139165487093420035\">ha assunto<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/forums.zimbra.org\/viewtopic.php?t=65932&#038;start=140\">una<\/a><\/noindex> modalit\u00e0 di massa. Dopo aver sfruttato la vulnerabilit\u00e0 tramite i gateway tor2web dal servizio nascosto Tor (an7kmd2wp4xo7hpr), viene caricato uno script che verifica la presenza di OpenSSH (se non \u00e8 presente <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/media\/D88gM2mWsAAhwD4.jpg\">viene installato<\/a><\/noindex>), modifica le sue impostazioni (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/media\/D88gZ0sX4AAeHgm.jpg\">consente<\/a><\/noindex> accesso da root e autenticazione tramite chiavi) e prepara per l'utente root <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/aserper\/e36d382668c6cf2c996c5143025097c0#file-gistfile1-txt\">una chiave RSA<\/a><\/noindex>, che fornisce accesso privilegiato al sistema tramite SSH.<\/p>\n<p>Dopo aver configurato il backdoor, viene installato un scanner di porte per identificare altri server vulnerabili. Viene inoltre effettuata una ricerca nei sistemi esistenti per eventuali sistemi di mining, che vengono rimossi se rilevati. Nell'ultima fase, viene caricato e registrato nel crontab un miner personalizzato. Il miner viene caricato sotto forma di file ico (che in realt\u00e0 \u00e8 un archivio zip con la password \u00abno-password\u00bb), contenente un file eseguibile in formato ELF per Linux con Glibc 2.7+.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Fonte: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50870\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Cybereason \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043e \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438, \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2019-10149) \u0432 Exim, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435. \u0412 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 root \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u041f\u041e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442. \u0412 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0438\u044e\u043d\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f Exim \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 57.05% (\u0433\u043e\u0434 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":26492,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35281","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Cybereason \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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