{"id":35641,"date":"2019-10-31T22:05:29","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:05:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/utechka-bgp-marshrutov-privela-k-massovomu-narusheniyu-svyaznosti-v-internete\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:05:29","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:05:29","slug":"utechka-bgp-marshrutov-privela-k-massovomu-narusheniyu-svyaznosti-v-internete","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/utechka-bgp-marshrutov-privela-k-massovomu-narusheniyu-svyaznosti-v-internete","title":{"rendered":"Una fuga di percorsi BGP ha causato una massiccia interruzione della connettivit\u00e0 in Internet","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Cloudflare <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cloudflare.com\/how-verizon-and-a-bgp-optimizer-knocked-large-parts-of-the-internet-offline-today\/\">ha pubblicato<\/a><\/noindex> rapporto sull'incidente di ieri, durante il quale si sono verificati <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/bgpmon\/status\/1143149817473847296\">tre ore<\/a><\/noindex> dalle 13:34 alle 16:26 (MSK) problemi di accesso a molte risorse su Internet, inclusa l'infrastruttura di Cloudflare, Facebook, Akamai, Apple, Linode e Amazon AWS. I problemi nell'infrastruttura di Cloudflare, che fornisce CDN per 16 milioni di siti web, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cloudflarestatus.com\/incidents\/46z55mdhg0t5\">sono stati<\/a><\/noindex> dalle 14:02 alle 16:02 (MSK). Secondo Cloudflare, durante il guasto si \u00e8 registrata una perdita di circa il 15% del traffico globale. <\/p>\n<p>Il problema \u00e8 stato <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/mailman.nanog.org\/pipermail\/nanog\/2019-June\/101590.html\">\u00e8 causato<\/a><\/noindex> una fuga di percorsi tramite BGP, durante la quale circa 20.000 prefissi per 2.400 reti sono stati reindirizzati in modo errato. La fonte della fuga \u00e8 stata il provider DQE Communications, che ha utilizzato il software <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.noction.com\/intelligent_routing_platform\/traffic-routing-optimization\">BGP Optimizer<\/a><\/noindex> per ottimizzare il routing. BGP Optimizer suddivide i prefissi IP in prefissi pi\u00f9 piccoli, ad esempio, divide 104.20.0.0\/20 in 104.20.0.0\/21 e 104.20.8.0\/21, e, di conseguenza, DQE Communications ha mantenuto dalla propria parte un gran numero di percorsi specifici che ridefinivano percorsi pi\u00f9 generali (ossia, invece di percorsi generali a Cloudflare si utilizzavano percorsi pi\u00f9 dettagliati verso specifiche sotto-reti di Cloudflare).<\/p>\n<p>Questi percorsi puntuali sono stati annunciati a uno dei clienti (Allegheny Technologies, AS396531), che aveva anche una connessione tramite un altro fornitore. Allegheny Technologies ha trasmesso i percorsi ricevuti a un altro fornitore di transito (Verizon, AS701). A causa della mancanza di una filtrazione adeguata degli annunci BGP e di limiti sul numero di prefissi, Verizon ha accolto questo annuncio e ha trasmesso i 20.000 prefissi ricevuti al resto di Internet. I prefissi errati, a causa della loro granularit\u00e0, sono stati considerati come pi\u00f9 prioritari poich\u00e9 un percorso specifico ha una priorit\u00e0 pi\u00f9 alta rispetto a quello generale. <\/p>\n<p><center><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cloudflare.com\/content\/images\/2019\/06\/leak2-2.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Una fuga di percorsi BGP ha causato una massiccia interruzione della connettivit\u00e0 in Internet\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/7b91b949afde7526f989c00666f7fee0.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Di conseguenza, il traffico per molte grandi reti ha iniziato a transitare attraverso Verizon verso il piccolo fornitore DQE Communications, incapace di gestire il flusso in aumento, portando a un collasso (l'effetto \u00e8 paragonabile a se si sostituisse una parte di un'auto strada trafficata con una strada sterrata).  <\/p>\n<p>Per prevenire la comparsa di incidenti simili in futuro<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/mailman.nanog.org\/pipermail\/nanog\/2019-June\/101589.html\">\u00e8 consigliato<\/a><\/noindex>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Usa <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=47303\">verifica<\/a><\/noindex> degli annunci sulla base di RPKI (BGP Origin Validation, consente il ricevimento di annunci solo dai legittimi proprietari della rete);\n<li class=\"l\"> Limitare il numero massimo di prefissi accettabili per tutte le sessioni EBGP (la configurazione maximum-prefix aiuterebbe a scartare immediatamente l'invio di 20.000 prefissi all'interno di una singola sessione);\n<li class=\"l\"> Applicare la filtrazione basata sul registro IRR (Internet Routing Registry, che definisce gli AS attraverso i quali \u00e8 possibile instradare i prefissi indicati);\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432 RFC 8212 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e (&#8216;default deny&#8217;);\n<li class=\"l\"> Smettere di utilizzare avventatamente gli ottimizzatori BGP.\n<\/ul>\n<p><center><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cloudflare.com\/content\/images\/2019\/06\/leak3-2.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Una fuga di percorsi BGP ha causato una massiccia interruzione della connettivit\u00e0 in Internet\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/2b2bb1fe713ee9e87987f57920116943.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Fonte: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50955\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Cloudflare \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043e \u0432\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435, \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0451\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0441 13:34 \u0434\u043e 16:26 (MSK) \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e 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[&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":26701,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35641","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Cloudflare \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043e \u0432\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435, \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 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