{"id":36723,"date":"2019-10-31T22:13:23","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:13:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/eshhe-odno-mnenie-o-raznitse-mezhdu-bin-sbin-usr-bin-usr-sbin\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:13:23","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:13:23","slug":"eshhe-odno-mnenie-o-raznitse-mezhdu-bin-sbin-usr-bin-usr-sbin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/eshhe-odno-mnenie-o-raznitse-mezhdu-bin-sbin-usr-bin-usr-sbin","title":{"rendered":"Un'altra opinione sulla differenza tra bin, sbin, usr\/bin, usr\/sbin","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Recentemente ho trovato un articolo di questo tipo: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/143614\/\">La differenza tra bin, sbin, usr\/bin, usr\/sbin<\/a><\/noindex>. Vorrei condividere la mia opinione sui standard.<\/p>\n<h2>\/bin<\/h2>\n<p>\nContiene comandi che possono essere utilizzati sia dagli amministratori di sistema che dagli utenti, ma che sono necessari quando nessun altro filesystem \u00e8 montato (ad esempio, in modalit\u00e0 singolo utente). Pu\u00f2 anche contenere comandi che sono utilizzati indirettamente dagli script.<\/p>\n<p>Qui ci si aspetta la presenza dei seguenti comandi:<\/p>\n<p><b>cat<\/b>, <b>chgrp<\/b>, <b>chmod<\/b>, <b>chown<\/b>, <b>cp<\/b>, <b>date<\/b>, <b>dd<\/b>, <b>df<\/b>, <b>dmesg<\/b>, <b>echo<\/b>, <b>false<\/b>, <b>hostname<\/b>, <b>kill<\/b>, <b>ln<\/b>, <b>accesso<\/b>, <b>ls<\/b>, <b>mkdir<\/b>, <b>mknod<\/b>, <b>more<\/b>, <b>mount<\/b>, <b>mv<\/b>, <b>ps<\/b>, <b>pwd<\/b>, <b>rm<\/b>, <b>rmdir<\/b>, <b>sed<\/b>, <b>sh<\/b>, <b>stty<\/b>, <b>su<\/b>, <b>sync<\/b>, <b>true<\/b>, <b>umount<\/b>, <b>uname<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c8 possibile creare symlink su \/usr, ma sebbene ai tempi di systemd \/usr non sia presente su un dispositivo separato, potrebbe ancora trovarsi in un sistema embedded, in un semaforo, in un macinacaff\u00e8 e in un PDP-11 che serve un dispositivo importante in uno dei laboratori dell'Accademia delle Scienze.<\/p>\n<h2>\/sbin<\/h2>\n<p>\nUtility utilizzate per l'amministrazione di sistema (e altri comandi solo per root), \/sbin contiene file binari necessari per l'avvio, il ripristino e\/o il recupero del sistema, oltre ai file binari in \/bin. I programmi eseguiti dopo che \/usr \u00e8 montato (quando non ci sono problemi) sono solitamente collocati in \/usr\/sbin. I programmi di amministrazione di sistema installati localmente dovrebbero essere collocati in \/usr\/local\/sbin.<\/p>\n<p>Attesi:<\/p>\n<p><b>fastboot, fasthalt, fdisk, fsck, getty, halt, ifconfig, init, mkfs, mkswap, reboot, route, swapon, swapoff, update<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>Uno dei modi per proteggere il sistema da mani indolenti \u00e8 vietare l'esecuzione di queste utility a chiunque, impostando l'attributo x.<br \/>\nInoltre, sostituire \/bin e \/sbin con copie da un archivio (identico per tutti i sistemi omogenei) \u00e8 un modo veloce per riparare i sistemi senza un gestore di pacchetti.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2>\/usr\/bin<\/h2>\n<p>\nQui tutto \u00e8 semplice. Comandi omogenei, identici per tutti i server\/macchine da caff\u00e8 dell'azienda. Inoltre, \/usr pu\u00f2 essere distribuito in modo identico per diversi sistemi operativi (per \/bin e \/sbin questo di solito non funziona), poich\u00e9 si tratta di programmi indipendenti dall'architettura. Pu\u00f2 contenere collegamenti a interpreti perl o python che si trovano in \/opt o altrove nella rete.<\/p>\n<h2>\/usr\/sbin<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u00c8 lo stesso di \/usr\/bin, ma destinato solo all'uso degli amministratori.<\/p>\n<h2>\/usr\/local\/bin \u0438 \/usr\/local\/sbin<\/h2>\n<p>\nUna delle posizioni pi\u00f9 importanti. A differenza del resto, \/usr non pu\u00f2 essere identica per tutta l'organizzazione. Qui si trovano programmi dipendenti dal sistema operativo, dal hardware e semplicemente programmi che non sono necessari su tutti i dispositivi. Durante la sincronizzazione di \/usr su macchine, \/usr\/local deve essere escluso.<\/p>\n<h2>\/home\/$USER\/bin<\/h2>\n<p>\nQui la situazione \u00e8 analoga a \/usr\/local, tranne che contiene programmi specifici per un singolo utente. Possono essere trasferiti (o sincronizzati) su un'altra macchina durante il trasferimento dell'utente. Ci\u00f2 che non pu\u00f2 essere trasferito \u00e8 conservato in \/home\/$USER\/.local\/bin. \u00c8 possibile utilizzare local senza punto. \/home\/$USER\/sbin per motivi ovvi non esiste.<\/p>\n<p>Sar\u00f2 felice di ricevere correzioni e aggiustamenti.<\/p>\n<p>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/462045\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u044f \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044e: \u0420\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 bin, sbin, usr\/bin, usr\/sbin. \u0425\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442. \/bin \u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435). \u041e\u043d \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0422\u0430\u043c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36723","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u044f \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044e: \u0420\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 bin, sbin, usr\/bin, usr\/sbin.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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