{"id":37876,"date":"2019-10-31T22:20:17","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:20:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/raskryty-podrobnosti-kriticheskoj-uyazvimosti-v-exim\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:20:17","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:20:17","slug":"raskryty-podrobnosti-kriticheskoj-uyazvimosti-v-exim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/news\/raskryty-podrobnosti-kriticheskoj-uyazvimosti-v-exim","title":{"rendered":"Rivelati i dettagli di una vulnerabilit\u00e0 critica in Exim","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ftp.exim.org\/pub\/exim\/exim4\/\">Pubblicato<\/a><\/noindex> versione correttiva <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Exim\/exim\/releases\/tag\/exim-4.92.2\">Exim 4.92.2<\/a><\/noindex> risolve una vulnerabilit\u00e0 critica <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/exim.org\/static\/doc\/security\/CVE-2019-15846.txt\">vulnerabilit\u00e0<\/a><\/noindex> (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2019-15846\">CVE-2019-15846<\/a><\/noindex>), che nella configurazione predefinita pu\u00f2 portare all'esecuzione remota di codice da parte di un attaccante con privilegi di root. Il problema si manifesta solo quando \u00e8 attivato il supporto TLS e viene sfruttato attraverso l'invio di un certificato client appositamente formattato o un valore modificato in SNI. La vulnerabilit\u00e0 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.exim.org\/exim.git\/blob\/2600301ba6:\/doc\/doc-txt\/cve-2019-15846\/qualys.mbx\">\u00e8 stata rilevata<\/a><\/noindex>  \u00e8 stata identificata da Qualys.<\/p>\n<p>Problema <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.redhat.com\/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-15846\">\u00e8 presente<\/a><\/noindex> nel gestore di escape dei caratteri speciali nella stringa (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.exim.org\/exim.git\/blob\/cf84d126bc:\/src\/src\/string.c#l217\">string_interpret_escape()<\/a><\/noindex> proveniente da string.c) ed \u00e8 causato dal fatto che il simbolo &#8216;&#092;&#8217; alla fine della stringa viene interpretato prima del carattere nullo (&#8216;&#092;0&#8217;) e lo esclude. Durante l\u2019escape, la sequenza &#8216;&#092;&#8217; e il successivo carattere nullo di fine stringa vengono trattati come un unico simbolo e il puntatore si sposta su dati oltre la stringa, che vengono elaborati come una sua continuazione. <\/p>\n<p>Il codice che chiama string_interpret_escape() alloca un buffer per lo stream, basandosi sulla dimensione effettiva, e il puntatore risultante si trova nell'area al di fuori dei confini del buffer. Di conseguenza, durante il tentativo di elaborazione della stringa di input si verifica una situazione di lettura di dati dalla zona al di fuori dei limiti del buffer allocato, e il tentativo di scrittura della stringa disabilitata pu\u00f2 portare a scrivere oltre il buffer.<\/p>\n<p>Nella configurazione predefinita, la vulnerabilit\u00e0 pu\u00f2 essere sfruttata attraverso l'invio di dati appositamente formattati in SNI durante l'instaurazione di una connessione sicura al server. Il problema pu\u00f2 anche essere sfruttato modificando i valori di peerdn nelle configurazioni impostate per l'autenticazione tramite certificato client, o durante l'importazione di certificati. L'attacco tramite SNI e peerdn \u00e8 possibile a partire dalla versione <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=33981\">Exim 4.80<\/a><\/noindex>, in cui la funzione string_unprinting() \u00e8 stata utilizzata per disattivare l'escaping del contenuto di peerdn e SNI.<\/p>\n<p>Per un attacco tramite SNI \u00e8 stato preparato un prototipo di exploit, funzionante su architetture i386 e amd64 nei sistemi Linux con Glibc. L'exploit utilizza l'overlay dei dati nella zona heap, portando a una sovrascrittura della memoria in cui \u00e8 memorizzato il nome del file di log. Il nome del file viene sostituito con &#171;\/..\/..\/..\/..\/..\/..\/..\/..\/etc\/passwd&#187;. Successivamente, la variabile con l'indirizzo del mittente, che \u00e8 la prima a essere registrata nel log, viene sovrascritta, permettendo di aggiungere un nuovo utente al sistema. <\/p>\n<p>Gli aggiornamenti dei pacchetti per risolvere la vulnerabilit\u00e0 sono stati rilasciati dalle distribuzioni <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2019-15846\">Debian<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/people.canonical.com\/~ubuntu-security\/cve\/2019\/CVE-2019-15846.html\">Ubuntu<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bodhi.fedoraproject.org\/updates\/FEDORA-2019-467fcbb10a\">Fedora<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.novell.com\/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-15846\">SUSE\/openSUSE<\/a><\/noindex> e <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vuxml.org\/freebsd\/61db9b88-d091-11e9-8d41-97657151f8c2.html\">FreeBSD<\/a><\/noindex>. La questione su RHEL e CentOS <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.redhat.com\/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-15846\">non sono vulnerabili<\/a><\/noindex>, poich\u00e9 Exim non \u00e8 incluso nel loro repository di pacchetti standard (in <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.fedoraproject.org\/archives\/list\/epel-package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org\/\">EPEL<\/a><\/noindex> aggiornamento <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.redhat.com\/show_bug.cgi?id=1749838\">ha gi\u00e0<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/apps.fedoraproject.org\/packages\/exim\/builds\/\">\u00e8 stato compilato<\/a><\/noindex>, ma fino ad ora <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/dl.fedoraproject.org\/pub\/epel\/7\/x86_64\/Packages\/e\/\">non \u00e8 stato inserito<\/a><\/noindex> nel repository pubblico). Nel codice di Exim, il problema viene risolto con una riga di codice <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.exim.org\/exim.git\/blobdiff\/165e7dd1823da93e43b41bcc9941a6a9088ba11f..2600301ba6dbac5c9d640c87007a07ee6dcea1f4:\/src\/src\/string.c\">patch<\/a><\/noindex>, che disabilita l'escapamento dell'azione del backslash se si trova alla fine della stringa.<\/p>\n<p>Come soluzione temporanea per bloccare la vulnerabilit\u00e0, \u00e8 possibile disabilitare il supporto TLS o aggiungere nel<br \/>\nsezione ACL &#171;acl_smtp_mail&#187;:\n<\/p>\n<p>    deny    condition = ${if eq{&#092;&#092;}{${substr{-1}{1}{$tls_in_sni}}}}<br \/>\n    deny    condition = ${if eq{&#092;&#092;}{${substr{-1}{1}{$tls_in_peerdn}}}}<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Fonte: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51435\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a Exim 4.92.2 \u0441 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CVE-2019-15846), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 root. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 TLS \u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 SNI. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 Qualys. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37876","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a Exim.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/news\/raskryty-podrobnosti-kriticheskoj-uyazvimosti-v-exim\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All 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