{"id":37876,"date":"2019-10-31T22:20:17","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:20:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/raskryty-podrobnosti-kriticheskoj-uyazvimosti-v-exim\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:20:17","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:20:17","slug":"raskryty-podrobnosti-kriticheskoj-uyazvimosti-v-exim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/news\/raskryty-podrobnosti-kriticheskoj-uyazvimosti-v-exim","title":{"rendered":"Sono stati divulgati i dettagli di una vulnerabilit\u00e0 critica in Exim","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ftp.exim.org\/pub\/exim\/exim4\/\">Pubblicato<\/a><\/noindex> rilascio corretto <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Exim\/exim\/releases\/tag\/exim-4.92.2\">Exim 4.92.2<\/a><\/noindex> con la risoluzione critica <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/exim.org\/static\/doc\/security\/CVE-2019-15846.txt\">vulnerabilit\u00e0<\/a><\/noindex> (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2019-15846\">CVE-2019-15846<\/a><\/noindex>), che nella configurazione predefinita pu\u00f2 portare all'esecuzione remota di codice da parte di un attaccante con diritti di root. Il problema si manifesta solo quando viene abilitato il supporto TLS e viene sfruttato tramite l'invio di un certificato client appositamente formattato o un valore modificato in SNI. La vulnerabilit\u00e0 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.exim.org\/exim.git\/blob\/2600301ba6:\/doc\/doc-txt\/cve-2019-15846\/qualys.mbx\">identificata<\/a><\/noindex>  da Qualys.<\/p>\n<p>Problema <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.redhat.com\/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-15846\">\u00e8 presente<\/a><\/noindex> nel gestore di escape dei caratteri speciali nella stringa (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.exim.org\/exim.git\/blob\/cf84d126bc:\/src\/src\/string.c#l217\">string_interpret_escape()<\/a><\/noindex> da string.c) ed \u00e8 causato dal fatto che il carattere &#8216;&#092;&#8217; alla fine della stringa viene interpretato prima del carattere nullo (&#8216;&#092;0&#8217;) e lo esegue. Durante il processo di escaping, la sequenza &#8216;&#092;&#8217; e il successivo codice nullo di fine stringa sono trattati come un unico carattere, e il puntatore si sposta sui dati oltre la stringa, che vengono elaborati come una sua continuazione. <\/p>\n<p>Il codice che chiama string_interpret_escape() assegna un buffer alla stringa in ingresso, basandosi sulla dimensione effettiva, e il puntatore risultante si trova nella zona al di fuori dei confini del buffer. Di conseguenza, quando si tenta di elaborare la stringa in ingresso, si verifica una lettura di dati da un'area oltre i confini del buffer allocato e un tentativo di scrivere la stringa de-escaped potrebbe portare a una scrittura oltre il buffer.<\/p>\n<p>Nella configurazione predefinita, la vulnerabilit\u00e0 pu\u00f2 essere sfruttata inviando dati appositamente formattati in SNI durante la creazione di una connessione sicura al server. Il problema pu\u00f2 anche essere sfruttato modificando i valori di peerdn nelle configurazioni impostate per l'autenticazione tramite certificato client, o durante l'importazione dei certificati. L'attacco tramite SNI e peerdn \u00e8 possibile a partire dalla versione <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=33981\">Exim 4.80<\/a><\/noindex>, in cui la funzione string_unprinting() \u00e8 stata utilizzata per de-escape il contenuto di peerdn e SNI.<\/p>\n<p>Un prototipo di exploit \u00e8 stato preparato per un attacco tramite SNI, funzionante su architetture i386 e amd64 nei sistemi Linux con Glibc. L'exploit utilizza sovrapposizione dei dati sull'area heap, portando a una scrittura della memoria in cui \u00e8 memorizzato il nome del file di log. Il nome del file viene sostituito con &#171;\\\/..\\\/..\\\/..\\\/..\\\/..\\\/..\\\/..\\\/..\\\/etc\\\/passwd&#187;. Successivamente, viene sovrascritta la variabile con l'indirizzo del mittente, che viene salvato per primo nel log, consentendo l'aggiunta di un nuovo utente al sistema. <\/p>\n<p>Le aggiornamenti dei pacchetti contenenti la correzione della vulnerabilit\u00e0 sono stati rilasciati dalle distribuzioni <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2019-15846\">Debian<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/people.canonical.com\/~ubuntu-security\/cve\/2019\/CVE-2019-15846.html\">Ubuntu<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bodhi.fedoraproject.org\/updates\/FEDORA-2019-467fcbb10a\">Fedora<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.novell.com\/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-15846\">SUSE\/openSUSE<\/a><\/noindex> e <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vuxml.org\/freebsd\/61db9b88-d091-11e9-8d41-97657151f8c2.html\">FreeBSD<\/a><\/noindex>. La problematica su RHEL e CentOS <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.redhat.com\/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-15846\">non \u00e8 soggetto<\/a><\/noindex>, poich\u00e9 Exim non \u00e8 incluso nel loro repository di pacchetti (in <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.fedoraproject.org\/archives\/list\/epel-package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org\/\">EPEL<\/a><\/noindex> l'aggiornamento <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.redhat.com\/show_bug.cgi?id=1749838\">ha gi\u00e0<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/apps.fedoraproject.org\/packages\/exim\/builds\/\">\u00e8 stato creato<\/a><\/noindex>, ma al momento <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/dl.fedoraproject.org\/pub\/epel\/7\/x86_64\/Packages\/e\/\">non incluso<\/a><\/noindex> nel repository pubblico). Nel codice Exim il problema viene risolto con una riga <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.exim.org\/exim.git\/blobdiff\/165e7dd1823da93e43b41bcc9941a6a9088ba11f..2600301ba6dbac5c9d640c87007a07ee6dcea1f4:\/src\/src\/string.c\">patch<\/a><\/noindex>, disattivando l'azione di escape del backslash se si trova alla fine della riga.<\/p>\n<p>Come soluzione alternativa per bloccare la vulnerabilit\u00e0, \u00e8 possibile disattivare il supporto TLS o aggiungere alla<br \/>\nsezione ACL &#171;acl_smtp_mail&#187;:\n<\/p>\n<p>    deny    condition = ${if eq{&#092;&#092;}{${substr{-1}{1}{$tls_in_sni}}}}<br \/>\n    deny    condition = ${if eq{&#092;&#092;}{${substr{-1}{1}{$tls_in_peerdn}}}}<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Fonte: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51435\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a Exim 4.92.2 \u0441 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CVE-2019-15846), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 root. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 TLS \u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 SNI. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 Qualys. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37876","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a Exim.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/news\/raskryty-podrobnosti-kriticheskoj-uyazvimosti-v-exim\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All 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