{"id":38073,"date":"2019-10-31T22:21:32","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:21:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/istoriya-aktivnyh-sessij-v-postgresql-novoe-rasshirenie-pgsentinel\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:21:32","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:21:32","slug":"istoriya-aktivnyh-sessij-v-postgresql-novoe-rasshirenie-pgsentinel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/istoriya-aktivnyh-sessij-v-postgresql-novoe-rasshirenie-pgsentinel","title":{"rendered":"Storia delle sessioni attive in PostgreSQL \u2014 il nuovo estensione pgsentinel","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Azienda <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pgsentinel.com\/\">pgsentinel<\/a><\/noindex> ha rilasciato l'estensione omonima pgsentinel (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/pgsentinel\/pgsentinel\">repository github<\/a><\/noindex>), che aggiunge a PostgreSQL la vista pg_active_session_history \u2014 la storia delle sessioni attive (simile alla v$active_session_history di Oracle).<\/p>\n<p>In sostanza, si tratta semplicemente di istantanee al secondo di pg_stat_activity, ma ci sono punti importanti:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Tutte le informazioni accumulate sono memorizzate solo in memoria volatile, e il volume di memoria utilizzato \u00e8 regolato dal numero delle ultime registrazioni memorizzate.<\/li>\n<li>Viene aggiunto il campo queryid \u2014 quel queryid dall'estensione pg_stat_statements (richiesta installazione preventiva).<\/li>\n<li>Viene aggiunto il campo top_level_query \u2014 il testo della query da cui \u00e8 stata invocata la query corrente (in caso di utilizzo di pl\/pgsql)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Elenco completo dei campi di pg_active_session_history:<\/b><\/p>\n<pre>\n      Colonna      |           Tipo           \n------------------+--------------------------\n ash_time         | timestamp con fuso orario \n datid            | oid                      \n datname          | testo                    \n pid              | intero                  \n usesysid         | oid                      \n usename          | testo                    \n application_name | testo                    \n client_addr      | testo                    \n client_hostname  | testo                    \n client_port      | intero                  \n backend_start    | timestamp con fuso orario \n xact_start       | timestamp con fuso orario \n query_start      | timestamp con fuso orario \n state_change     | timestamp con fuso orario \n wait_event_type  | testo                    \n wait_event       | testo                    \n state            | testo                    \n backend_xid      | xid                      \n backend_xmin     | xid                      \n top_level_query  | testo                    \n query            | testo                    \n queryid          | bigint                   \n backend_type     | testo                     \n<\/pre>\n<p>Non \u00e8 disponibile ancora un pacchetto pronto per l'installazione. Si consiglia di scaricare i sorgenti e compilare la libreria manualmente. Prima \u00e8 necessario installare il pacchetto \"devel\" per il proprio server e aggiungere il percorso di pg_config alla variabile PATH. Compilare:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>cd pgsentinel\/src<br \/>\nmake<br \/>\nmake install<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nAggiungiamo i parametri in postgres.conf:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>shared_preload_libraries = 'pg_stat_statements,pgsentinel'<br \/>\ntrack_activity_query_size = 2048<br \/>\npg_stat_statements.track = all<\/p>\n<p># \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439<br \/>\npgsentinel_ash.max_entries = 10000<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nRiavviamo PostgreSQL e creiamo l'estensione:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>create extension pgsentinel;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nLe informazioni accumulate permettono di rispondere a domande come:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Su quali aspettative di sessione \u00e8 stato speso pi\u00f9 tempo?<\/li>\n<li>Quali sessioni sono state le pi\u00f9 attive?<\/li>\n<li>Quali query sono state le pi\u00f9 attive?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nCerto, si possono ottenere risposte a queste domande tramite query SQL, ma \u00e8 pi\u00f9 comodo visualizzarle graficamente, evidenziando con il mouse gli intervalli di tempo di interesse. Puoi farlo utilizzando il programma gratuito <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/dbacvetkov\/PASH-Viewer\">PASH-Viewer<\/a><\/noindex> (puoi scaricare i file binari raccolti nella sezione <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/dbacvetkov\/PASH-Viewer\/releases\">Releases<\/a><\/noindex>).<\/p>\n<p>All'avvio di PASH-Viewer (a partire dalla versione 0.4.0) verifica la presenza della vista pg_active_session_history e, se esiste, carica l'intera cronologia accumulata e continua a leggere i nuovi dati in arrivo, aggiornando il grafico ogni 15 secondi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Storia delle sessioni attive in PostgreSQL \u2014 il nuovo estensione pgsentinel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/2517772983f6ad87c0a895c190043ae1.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/416909\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f pgsentinel \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 pgsentinel (\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 github), \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432 PostgreSQL \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 pg_active_session_history \u2014 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439 (\u043f\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043e\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 v$active_session_history). \u041f\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0438, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e-\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437 pg_stat_activity, \u043d\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b: \u0412\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0451\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439. \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 queryid \u2014 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":28580,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38073","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f pgsentinel \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 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In sostanza, si tratta di istantanee al secondo da pg_stat_activity, ma ci sono aspetti importanti: tutte le informazioni accumulate vengono memorizzate solo in memoria volatile, e il volume di memoria utilizzato \u00e8 regolato dal numero degli ultimi record memorizzati. 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