{"id":38196,"date":"2019-10-31T22:22:13","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:22:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/odin-iz-metodov-polucheniya-profilya-rabochej-nagruzki-i-istorii-ozhidanij-v-postgresql\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:22:13","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:22:13","slug":"odin-iz-metodov-polucheniya-profilya-rabochej-nagruzki-i-istorii-ozhidanij-v-postgresql","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/odin-iz-metodov-polucheniya-profilya-rabochej-nagruzki-i-istorii-ozhidanij-v-postgresql","title":{"rendered":"Uno dei metodi per ottenere il profilo del carico di lavoro e la storia delle attese in PostgreSQL","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Continuazione dell'articolo &#171;<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/467181\/\">Tentativo di creare un equivalente di ASH per PostgreSQL <\/a><\/noindex>\u00ab<\/p>\n<p>Nell'articolo verr\u00e0 esaminato e dimostrato, con richieste specifiche ed esempi, quale utile informazione si possa ottenere tramite la vista pg_stat_activity.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Attenzione.<br \/>\nA causa della novit\u00e0 dell'argomento e del periodo di test incompleto, l'articolo potrebbe contenere errori. Critiche e osservazioni sono benvenute e attese.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2>Dati di input<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Storia della vista pg_stat_statements<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">pg_stat_history<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"pgsql\">CREATE TABLE pg_stat_history ( \nid SERIAL, \nsnapshot_timestamp timestamp without time zone, \ndatabase_id integer,\ndbid oid,\nuserid oid,\nqueryid bigint,\nquery text,\ncalls bigint, \ntotal_time double precision, \nmin_time double precision, \nmax_time double precision, \nmean_time double precision,\nstddev_time double precision,\nrows bigint,\nshared_blks_hit bigint, \nshared_blks_read bigint, \nshared_blks_dirtied bigint, \nshared_blks_written bigint, \nlocal_blks_hit bigint, \nlocal_blks_read bigint,\nlocal_blks_dirtied bigint, \nlocal_blks_written bigint, \ntemp_blks_read bigint,\ntemp_blks_written bigint,\nblk_read_time double precision, \nblk_write_time double precision, \nbaseline_id integer );<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n La tabella viene popolata ogni ora, utilizzando dblink per connettersi al database di destinazione. La colonna pi\u00f9 interessante e utile nella tabella, naturalmente, <b>queryid<\/b>.<\/p>\n<h3>Storia della vista pg_stat_activity<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">archive_pg_stat_activity<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"pgsql\">CREA TABELLA archive_pg_stat_activity\n(\n  timepoint timestamp senza fuso orario,\n  datid             oid, \n  datname           nome,\n  pid               intero,\n  usesysid          oid,\n  usename           nome,\n  application_name  testo,\n  client_addr       inet,\n  client_hostname   testo,\n  client_port       intero,\n  backend_start     timestamp senza fuso orario,\n  xact_start        timestamp senza fuso orario,\n  query_start       timestamp senza fuso orario,\n  state_change      timestamp senza fuso orario,\n  wait_event_type   testo,                     \n  wait_event        testo,                   \n  state             testo,                  \n  backend_xid       xid,                 \n  backend_xmin      xid,                \n  query             testo,               \n  backend_type      testo,\n  queryid           bigint\n);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nLa tabella rappresenta una tabella history_pg_stat_activity partizionata per ore (Maggiori dettagli qui \u2014 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/467277\/\">pg_stat_statements + pg_stat_activity + loq_query = pg_ash? <\/a><\/noindex> e qui \u2014 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/467181\/\">Tentativo di creare un'analoga ASH per PostgreSQL.)<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2>Output<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>CLUSTER TEMPO CPU (SISTEMA + CLIENTI )<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Richiesta<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"pgsql\">CON \n t AS\n (\n\tSELEZIONA \t\t\n\t\t\tdate_trunc('secondo', timepoint)\n\tDA \tactivity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity aa\n\tDOVE \ttimepoint TRA pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * intervallo '1 ora') E pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * intervallo '1 ora')  E \n\t\t\t( aa.wait_event_type \u00c8 NULL  ) E\n\t\t\taa.state = 'attivo'\n )\n SELEZIONA count(*) \n IN\n DA t ;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Esempio<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">CLUSTER TEMPO CPU (SISTEMA + CLIENTI ) : 28:37:46<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>CLUSTER TEMPO DI ATTESA<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Richiesta<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"pgsql\">CON \n t AS\n (\n\tSELEZIONA \t\t\n\t\t\tdate_trunc('secondo', timepoint)\n\tDA \tactivity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity aa\n\tDOVE \ttimepoint TRA pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * intervallo '1 ora') E pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * intervallo '1 ora')  E \n\t\t\t( aa.wait_event_type \u00c8 NON NULL  ) E\n\t\t\taa.state = 'attivo'\n )\n SELEZIONA count(*) \n IN\n DA t ;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Esempio<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">CLUSTER TEMPO DI ATTESA : 30:12:49<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Valori totali di pg_stat_statements<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Richiesta<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"pgsql\"> --TOTALE pg_stat\n  SELEZIONA \n    SUM(calls) AS calls, SUM(total_time) AS total_time, SUM(rows) AS rows ,\n\tSUM(shared_blks_hit) AS shared_blks_hit, SUM(shared_blks_read) AS shared_blks_read , \n\tSUM(shared_blks_dirtied) AS shared_blks_dirtied, SUM(shared_blks_written) AS shared_blks_written , \n    SUM(local_blks_hit) AS local_blks_hit , SUM(local_blks_read) AS local_blks_read , \n\tSUM(local_blks_dirtied) AS local_blks_dirtied , SUM(local_blks_written) AS local_blks_written,\n\tSUM(temp_blks_read) AS temp_blks_read, SUM(temp_blks_written) AS temp_blks_written , \n\tSUM(blk_read_time) AS blk_read_time , SUM(blk_write_time) AS blk_write_time\n  IN \n    pg_total_stat_history_rec\n  DA \n    pg_stat_history\n  DOVE \n\tsnapshot_timestamp TRA pg_stat_history_begin E pg_stat_history_end E \n\tqueryid \u00c8 NULL;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>SQL DBTIME \u2014 tempo totale di esecuzione delle query<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Richiesta<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"pgsql\">dbtime_total = interval '1 millisecond' * pg_total_stat_history_rec.total_time ;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Esempio<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">SQL DBTIME : 136:49:36<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>SQL CPU TIME \u2014 tempo CPU speso nell'esecuzione delle query<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Richiesta<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"pgsql\">CON \n t COME\n (\n\tSELEZIONA \t\t\n\t\t\tdate_trunc('second', timepoint)\n\tDA \tactivity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity aa\n\tDOVE \ttimepoint TRA pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') E pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour')  E \n\t\t\t( aa.wait_event_type \u00c8 NULL ) E\n\t\t\tbackend_type = 'client backend' E \n\t\t\taa.state = 'active'\n )\n SELEZIONA count(*) \n IN \n cpu_total\n DA t ;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Esempio<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">SQL CPU TIME : 27:40:15<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>SQL WAITINGS TIME \u2014 tempo totale di attesa per le query<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Richiesta<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"pgsql\">CON \n t COME\n (\n\tSELEZIONA \t\t\n\t\t\tdate_trunc('second', timepoint)\n\tDA \tactivity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity aa\n\tDOVE \ttimepoint TRA pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') E pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour')  E \n\t\t\t( aa.wait_event_type \u00c8 NOT NULL  ) E\n\t\t\taa.state = 'active' E \n\t\tbackend_type = 'client backend'\n )\n SELEZIONA count(*) \n IN waiting_total\n DA t ;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Esempio<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">TEMPI DI ATTESA SQL : 30:04:09<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nLe seguenti query sono triviali e per risparmiare spazio vengono omessi i dettagli di implementazione:<\/p>\n<p><b class=\"spoiler_title\">Esempio<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">| IOTIME SQL : 19:44:50\n| TEMPO DI LETTURA SQL : 19:44:32\n| TEMPO DI SCRITTURA SQL : 00:00:17\n|\n| CHIAMATE SQL : 12188248\n-------------------------------------------------------------\n| LETTURE DI BLOCCHI CONDIVISI SQL : 7997039120\n| SUCCESSI DI BLOCCHI CONDIVISI SQL : 8868286092\n| % SUCCESSI LETTURE BLOCCHI CONDIVISI SQL : 110.89\n| BLOCCHI CONDIVISI SQL SPORCHI : 419945\n| BLOCCHI CONDIVISI SCRITTI SQL : 19857\n|\n| LETTURE DI BLOCCHI TEMPORANEI SQL : 7836169\n| BLOCCHI TEMPORANEI SCRITTI SQL : 10683938\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nPassiamo alla sezione pi\u00f9 interessante<\/p>\n<h2>STATISTICHE DI ATTESA<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>TOP 10 ATTESE PER TEMPO TOTALE DI ATTESA NEI PROCESSI CLIENTI<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Richiesta<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"pgsql\">SELEZIONA \n  wait_event_type, wait_event ,\n  get_system_waiting_duration( wait_event_type , wait_event ,pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') ,pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') ) come durata \nDA\n  activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity aa\nDOVE \n  timepoint TRA pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') E pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') E backend_type != 'client backend' E wait_event_type \u00c8 NOT NULL \nRAGGRUPPA PER \n  wait_event_type, wait_event\nORDINA PER 3 DESC\nLIMITA 10<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Esempio<\/b><\/p>\n<pre>+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n| I 10 PROCESSI CON TEMPI DI ATTESA TOTALE\n+-----+------------------------------+--------------------+--------------------\n|    #|               tipo_evento_attesa|          evento_attesa|            durata\n+-----+------------------------------+--------------------+--------------------\n|    1|                      Attivit\u00e0| LogicalLauncherMain|            10:43:28\n|    2|                      Attivit\u00e0|      AutoVacuumMain|            10:42:49\n|    3|                      Attivit\u00e0|       WalWriterMain|            10:28:53\n|    4|                      Attivit\u00e0|    CheckpointerMain|            10:23:50\n|    5|                      Attivit\u00e0|        BgWriterMain|            09:11:59\n|    6|                      Attivit\u00e0|   BgWriterHibernate|            01:37:46\n|    7|                            IO|        BufFileWrite|            00:02:35\n|    8|                        LWLock|      buffer_mapping|            00:01:54\n|    9|                            IO|        DataFileRead|            00:01:23\n|   10|                            IO|            WALWrite|            00:00:59\n+-----+------------------------------+--------------------+--------------------\n<\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>TOP 10 ATTESE PER TEMPO TOTALE DI ATTESA NEI PROCESSI CLIENTI<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Richiesta<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"pgsql\">SELEZIONA \n  tipo_evento_attesa , evento_attesa ,\n  get_clients_waiting_duration( tipo_evento_attesa , evento_attesa , pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') , pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') ) as durata\nDA \n  activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity aa\nDOVE \n  timepoint TRA pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') E pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') E backend_type = 'client backend' E tipo_evento_attesa \u00c8 NON NULLA \nGRUPPA PER tipo_evento_attesa, evento_attesa\nORDINA PER 3 DESC\nLIMIT 10<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Esempio<\/b><\/p>\n<pre>+-----+------------------------------+--------------------+--------------------+----------\n|    #|               tipo_evento_attesa|          evento_attesa|            durata|  % dbtime\n+-----+------------------------------+--------------------+--------------------+----------\n|    1|                          Lock|       transactionid|            08:16:47|      6.05\n|    2|                            IO|        DataFileRead|            06:13:41|      4.55\n|    3|                       Timeout|             PgSleep|            02:53:21|      2.11\n|    4|                        LWLock|      buffer_mapping|            00:40:42|       0.5\n|    5|                        LWLock|           buffer_io|            00:17:17|      0.21\n|    6|                            IO|        BufFileWrite|            00:01:34|      0.02\n|    7|                          Lock|               tuple|            00:01:32|      0.02\n|    8|                        Client|          ClientRead|            00:01:19|      0.02\n|    9|                            IO|         BufFileRead|            00:00:37|      0.01\n|   10|                        LWLock|      buffer_content|            00:00:08|         0\n+-----+------------------------------+--------------------+--------------------+----------\n<\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>TIPI DI ATTESA PER TEMPO TOTALE DI ATTESA, PER PROCESSI DI SISTEMA<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Richiesta<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"pgsql\">SELEZIONARE \n  tipo_evento_attesa ,\n  get_system_waiting_type_duration( tipo_evento_attesa , pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') , pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') ) as durata\nDA\n  activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity aa\nDOVE \n  timepoint TRA pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') E pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') E  backend_type != 'client backend' E tipo_evento_attesa \u00e8 NON NULL \nGROUP BY tipo_evento_attesa\nORDINA PER 2 DESC<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Esempio<\/b><\/p>\n<pre>+-----+------------------------------+--------------------\n|    #|               wait_event_type|            duration\n+-----+------------------------------+--------------------\n|    1|                      Attivit\u00e0|            53:08:45\n|    2|                            IO|            00:06:24\n|    3|                        LWLock|            00:03:02\n+-----+------------------------------+--------------------\n<\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3> TIPI DI ATTESA PER TEMPO TOTALE DI ATTESA, PER I PROCESSI CLIENTI<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Richiesta<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"pgsql\">SELEZIONA \n  wait_event_type ,\n  get_clients_waiting_type_duration( wait_event_type , pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') , pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') ) as duration\nDA\n  activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity aa\nDOVE \n  timepoint TRA pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') E pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') AND backend_type = 'client backend' AND wait_event_type IS NOT NULL \nGRUPPO PER wait_event_type\nORDINA PER 2 DESC<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Esempio<\/b><\/p>\n<pre>+-----+------------------------------+--------------------+--------------------\n|    #|               wait_event_type|            duration|            % dbtime\n+-----+------------------------------+--------------------+--------------------\n|    1|                          Lock|            08:18:19|                6.07\n|    2|                            IO|            06:16:01|                4.58\n|    3|                       Timeout|            02:53:21|                2.11\n|    4|                        LWLock|            00:58:12|                0.71\n|    5|                        Client|            00:01:19|                0.02\n|    6|                           IPC|            00:00:04|                   0\n+-----+------------------------------+--------------------+--------------------\n<\/pre>\n<p>\nDurata delle attese, per processi di sistema e singole richieste.<\/p>\n<h3>ATTESE PER I PROCESSI DI SISTEMA<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Richiesta<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"pgsql\">SELEZIONA \n  backend_type , datname , wait_event_type , wait_event , get_backend_type_waiting_duration( backend_type , wait_event_type , wait_event , pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * intervallo '1 ora') , pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * intervallo '1 ora') ) come durata \nDA \n  activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity aa\nDOVE \n  timepoint TRA pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * intervallo '1 ora') E pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * intervallo '1 ora') E backend_type != 'client backend' E wait_event_type \u00c8 NON NULL \nRAGGRUPPA PER backend_type , datname , wait_event_type , wait_event\nORDINA PER 5 DESC<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Esempio<\/b><\/p>\n<pre>+-----+-----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+--------------------\n|    #|                 backend_type|    dbname|     wait_event_type|            wait_event|            duration\n+-----+-----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+--------------------\n|    1| lanciatore di replica logica  |          |            Attivit\u00e0 |   LogicalLauncherMain|            10:43:28\n|    2|          lanciatore autovacuum|          |            Attivit\u00e0 |        AutoVacuumMain|            10:42:49\n|    3|                    walwriter   |          |            Attivit\u00e0 |         WalWriterMain|            10:28:53\n|    4|                 controllore    |          |            Attivit\u00e0 |      CheckpointerMain|            10:23:50\n|    5|            scrittore in background |          |            Attivit\u00e0 |          BgWriterMain|            09:11:59\n|    6|            scrittore in background |          |            Attivit\u00e0 |     BgWriterHibernate|            01:37:46\n|    7|              lavoratore parallelo |      tdb1|                  IO|          BufFileWrite|            00:02:35\n|    8|              lavoratore parallelo |      tdb1|              LWLock|        buffer_mapping|            00:01:41\n|    9|              lavoratore parallelo |      tdb1|                  IO|          DataFileRead|            00:01:22\n|   10|              lavoratore parallelo |      tdb1|                  IO|           BufFileRead|            00:00:59\n|   11|                    walwriter   |          |                  IO|              WALWrite|            00:00:57\n|   12|              lavoratore parallelo |      tdb1|              LWLock|             buffer_io|            00:00:47\n|   13|            lavoratore autovacuum |      tdb1|              LWLock|        buffer_mapping|            00:00:13\n|   14|            scrittore in background |          |                  IO|         DataFileWrite|            00:00:12\n|   15|                 controllore    |          |                  IO|         DataFileWrite|            00:00:11\n|   16|                    walwriter   |          |              LWLock|          WALWriteLock|            00:00:09\n|   17|                 controllore    |          |              LWLock|          WALWriteLock|            00:00:06\n|   18|            scrittore in background |          |              LWLock|          WALWriteLock|            00:00:06\n|   19|                    walwriter   |          |                  IO|          WALInitWrite|            00:00:02\n|   20|            lavoratore autovacuum |      tdb1|              LWLock|          WALWriteLock|            00:00:02\n|   21|                    walwriter   |          |                  IO|           WALInitSync|            00:00:02\n|   22|            lavoratore autovacuum |      tdb1|                  IO|          DataFileRead|            00:00:01\n|   23|                 controllore    |          |                  IO| ControlFileSyncUpdate|            00:00:01\n|   24|            scrittore in background |          |                  IO|              WALWrite|            00:00:01\n|   25|            scrittore in background |          |                  IO|         DataFileFlush|            00:00:01\n|   26|                 controllore    |          |                  IO|         SLRUFlushSync|            00:00:01\n|   27|            lavoratore autovacuum |      tdb1|                  IO|              WALWrite|            00:00:01\n|   28|                 controllore    |          |                  IO|          DataFileSync|            00:00:01\n+-----+-----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+--------------------<\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>ATTESA PER SQL \u2014 attese per singole query per queryid<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Richiesta<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"pgsql\">SELEZIONA \nqueryid , datname , tipo_evento_attesa , evento_attesa , get_query_waiting_duration( queryid , tipo_evento_attesa , evento_attesa , pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') , pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') ) come durata \nDA \n  activity_hist.archive_pg_stat_activity aa\nDOVE \n  timepoint TRA pg_stat_history_begin+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') E pg_stat_history_end+(current_hour_diff * interval '1 hour') E backend_type = 'client backend' E tipo_evento_attesa \u00c8 NON NULL E queryid \u00c8 NON NULL \nGROUP BY queryid , datname , tipo_evento_attesa , evento_attesa\nORDERINA PER 1 , 5 DESC <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Esempio<\/b><\/p>\n<pre>+-----+-------------------------+----------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------\n|    #|                  queryid|    dbname|     wait_event_type|          wait_event|            waitings|               total\n|     |                         |          |                    |                    |            duration|            duration\n+-----+-------------------------+----------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------\n|    1|     -8247416849404883188|      tdb1|              Client|          ClientRead|            00:00:02|\n|    2|     -6572922443698419129|      tdb1|              Client|          ClientRead|            00:00:05|\n|    3|     -6572922443698419129|      tdb1|                  IO|        DataFileRead|            00:00:01|\n|    4|     -5917408132400665328|      tdb1|              Client|          ClientRead|            00:00:04|\n|    5|     -4091009262735781873|      tdb1|              Client|          ClientRead|            00:00:03|\n|    6|     -1473395109729441239|      tdb1|              Client|          ClientRead|            00:00:01|\n|    7|        28942442626229688|      tdb1|                  IO|        BufFileWrite|            00:01:34|            00:46:06\n|    8|        28942442626229688|      tdb1|              LWLock|      buffer_mapping|            00:01:05|            00:46:06\n|    9|        28942442626229688|      tdb1|                  IO|        DataFileRead|            00:00:44|            00:46:06\n|   10|        28942442626229688|      tdb1|                  IO|         BufFileRead|            00:00:37|            00:46:06\n|   11|        28942442626229688|      tdb1|              LWLock|           buffer_io|            00:00:35|            00:46:06\n|   12|        28942442626229688|      tdb1|              Client|          ClientRead|            00:00:05|            00:46:06\n|   13|        28942442626229688|      tdb1|                 IPC| MessageQueueReceive|            00:00:03|            00:46:06\n|   14|        28942442626229688|      tdb1|                 IPC|    BgWorkerShutdown|            00:00:01|            00:46:06\n|   15|       389015618226997618|      tdb1|                Lock|       transactionid|            03:55:09|            04:14:15\n|   16|       389015618226997618|      tdb1|                  IO|        DataFileRead|            03:23:09|            04:14:15\n|   17|       389015618226997618|      tdb1|              LWLock|      buffer_mapping|            00:12:09|            04:14:15\n|   18|       389015618226997618|      tdb1|              LWLock|           buffer_io|            00:10:18|            04:14:15\n|   19|       389015618226997618|      tdb1|                Lock|               tuple|            00:00:35|            04:14:15\n|   20|       389015618226997618|      tdb1|              LWLock|        WALWriteLock|            00:00:02|            04:14:15\n|   21|       389015618226997618|      tdb1|                  IO|       DataFileWrite|            00:00:01|            04:14:15\n|   22|       389015618226997618|      tdb1|              LWLock|        SyncScanLock|            00:00:01|            04:14:15\n|   23|       389015618226997618|      tdb1|              Client|          ClientRead|            00:00:01|            04:14:15\n|   24|       734234407411547467|      tdb1|              Client|          ClientRead|            00:00:11|\n|   25|       734234407411547467|      tdb1|              LWLock|      buffer_mapping|            00:00:05|\n|   26|       734234407411547467|      tdb1|                  IO|        DataFileRead|            00:00:02|\n|   27|      1237430309438971376|      tdb1|              LWLock|      buffer_mapping|            00:02:18|            02:45:40\n|   28|      1237430309438971376|      tdb1|                  IO|        DataFileRead|            00:00:27|            02:45:40\n|   29|      1237430309438971376|      tdb1|              Client|          ClientRead|            00:00:02|            02:45:40\n|   30|      2404820632950544954|      tdb1|              Client|          ClientRead|            00:00:01|\n|   31|      2515308626622579467|      tdb1|              Client|          ClientRead|            00:00:02|\n|   32|      4710212362688288619|      tdb1|              LWLock|      buffer_mapping|            00:03:08|            02:18:21\n|   33|      4710212362688288619|      tdb1|                  IO|        DataFileRead|            00:00:22|            02:18:21\n|   34|      4710212362688288619|      tdb1|              Client|          ClientRead|            00:00:06|            02:18:21\n|   35|      4710212362688288619|      tdb1|              LWLock|           buffer_io|            00:00:02|            02:18:21\n|   36|      9150846928388977274|      tdb1|                  IO|        DataFileRead|            00:01:19|\n|   37|      9150846928388977274|      tdb1|              LWLock|      buffer_mapping|            00:00:34|\n|   38|      9150846928388977274|      tdb1|              Client|          ClientRead|            00:00:10|\n|   39|      9150846928388977274|      tdb1|              LWLock|           buffer_io|            00:00:01|\n+-----+-------------------------+----------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------<\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>STATISTICHE SQL CLIENT \u2014 TOP richieste<\/h3>\n<p>\nLe richieste per ottenere nuovamente sono banali e, per risparmiare spazio, non sono riportate. <\/p>\n<p><b class=\"spoiler_title\">Esempi<\/b><\/p>\n<pre>+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n| CLIENT SQL ordinati per Tempo di Esecuzione\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n|        tempo trascorso|     chiamate|  % dbtime|     % CPU|      % IO|    dbname|             queryid\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n|            04:14:15|        19|       3.1|     10.83|     11.52|      tdb1|  389015618226997618\n|            02:45:40|       746|      2.02|      4.23|      0.08|      tdb1| 1237430309438971376\n|            02:18:21|       749|      1.69|      3.39|       0.1|      tdb1| 4710212362688288619\n|            00:46:06|       375|      0.56|      0.94|      0.41|      tdb1|   28942442626229688\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n| CLIENT SQL ordinati per Tempo di CPU\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n|            tempo cpu|     chiamate|  % dbtime|tempo_totale|     % CPU|      % IO|    dbname|             queryid\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n|            02:59:49|        19|       3.1|  04:14:15|     10.83|     11.52|      tdb1|  389015618226997618\n|            01:10:12|       746|      2.02|  02:45:40|      4.23|      0.08|      tdb1| 1237430309438971376\n|            00:56:15|       749|      1.69|  02:18:21|      3.39|       0.1|      tdb1| 4710212362688288619\n|            00:15:35|       375|      0.56|  00:46:06|      0.94|      0.41|      tdb1|   28942442626229688\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n| CLIENT SQL ordinati per Tempo di Attesa I\/O Utente\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n|        tempo di attesa io|     chiamate|  % dbtime|tempo_totale|     % CPU|      % IO|    dbname|             queryid\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n|            03:23:10|        19|       3.1|  04:14:15|     10.83|     11.52|      tdb1|  389015618226997618\n|            00:02:54|       375|      0.56|  00:46:06|      0.94|      0.41|      tdb1|   28942442626229688\n|            00:00:27|       746|      2.02|  02:45:40|      4.23|      0.08|      tdb1| 1237430309438971376\n|            00:00:22|       749|      1.69|  02:18:21|      3.39|       0.1|      tdb1| 4710212362688288619\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n| CLIENT SQL ordinati per Letture Buffer Condivisi\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n|       letture buffer|     chiamate|  % dbtime|tempo_totale|     % CPU|      % IO|    dbname|             queryid\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n|          1056388566|        19|       3.1|  04:14:15|     10.83|     11.52|      tdb1|  389015618226997618\n|            11709251|       375|      0.56|  00:46:06|      0.94|      0.41|      tdb1|   28942442626229688\n|             3439004|       746|      2.02|  02:45:40|      4.23|      0.08|      tdb1| 1237430309438971376\n|             3373330|       749|      1.69|  02:18:21|      3.39|       0.1|      tdb1| 4710212362688288619\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n| CLIENT SQL ordinati per Tempo di Letture Disco\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n|           tempo di lettura|     chiamate|  % dbtime|tempo_totale|     % CPU|      % IO|    dbname|             queryid\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n|            02:16:30|        19|       3.1|  04:14:15|     10.83|     11.52|      tdb1|  389015618226997618\n|            00:04:50|       375|      0.56|  00:46:06|      0.94|      0.41|      tdb1|   28942442626229688\n|            00:01:10|       749|      1.69|  02:18:21|      3.39|       0.1|      tdb1| 4710212362688288619\n|            00:00:57|       746|      2.02|  02:45:40|      4.23|      0.08|      tdb1| 1237430309438971376\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n| CLIENT SQL ordinati per Esecuzioni\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n|               chiamate|      righe|  % dbtime|tempo_totale|     % CPU|      % IO|    dbname|             queryid\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------\n|                 749|       749|      1.69|  02:18:21|      3.39|       0.1|      tdb1| 4710212362688288619\n|                 746|       746|      2.02|  02:45:40|      4.23|      0.08|      tdb1| 1237430309438971376\n|                 375|         0|      0.56|  00:46:06|      0.94|      0.41|      tdb1|   28942442626229688\n|                  19|        19|       3.1|  04:14:15|     10.83|     11.52|      tdb1|  389015618226997618\n+--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+--------------------<\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>Risultato<\/h2>\n<p>\nUtilizzando le query fornite e la reportistica ottenuta, \u00e8 possibile avere una visione pi\u00f9 completa per analizzare e risolvere i problemi di degrado delle prestazioni, sia per singole query che per l'intero cluster.<\/p>\n<h2>Sviluppo<\/h2>\n<p>\nI prossimi piani di sviluppo sono:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Espandere la reportistica con una cronologia dei blocchi. Le query sono attualmente in fase di test e saranno presentate a breve.<\/li>\n<li>Utilizzare l'estensione TimescaleDB per memorizzare la cronologia di pg_stat_activity e pg_locks.<\/li>\n<li>Preparare una soluzione batch su GitHub per il deployment massivo sui database di produzione.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nContinua...<br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/467575\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 &#171;\u041f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 ASH \u0434\u043b\u044f PostgreSQL &#171;. \u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u2014 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f pg_stat_activity. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0412 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438. \u041a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0412\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38196","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 &quot;\u041f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 ASH \u0434\u043b\u044f PostgreSQL &quot;. \u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e 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