{"id":38554,"date":"2019-10-31T22:24:30","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:24:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/v-yadro-linux-5-4-prinyaty-patchi-dlya-ogranicheniya-dostupa-root-k-vnutrennostyam-yadra\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:24:30","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:24:30","slug":"v-yadro-linux-5-4-prinyaty-patchi-dlya-ogranicheniya-dostupa-root-k-vnutrennostyam-yadra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/v-yadro-linux-5-4-prinyaty-patchi-dlya-ogranicheniya-dostupa-root-k-vnutrennostyam-yadra","title":{"rendered":"Nel kernel Linux 5.4 sono stati accettati patch per limitare l'accesso root alle risorse interne del kernel","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Linus Torvalds ha accolto<\/a><\/noindex> nella composizione della futura versione del kernel Linux 5.4 un insieme di patch «lockdown<\/a><\/noindex>«, proposto da<\/a><\/noindex>\tDavid Howells (lavora in Red Hat) e Matthew Garrett (Matthew Garrett<\/a><\/noindex>, opera in Google) per limitare l'accesso dell'utente root al kernel. La funzionalit\u00e0 associata a «lockdown» \u00e8 stata estratta in un modulo LSM caricabile opzionalmente (Linux Security Module<\/a><\/noindex>) che stabilisce una barriera tra UID 0 e il kernel, limitando determinate funzionalit\u00e0 a basso livello.<\/p>\n

Se un attaccante riesce a eseguire codice con privilegi di root, pu\u00f2 eseguire il suo codice anche a livello di kernel, ad esempio, sostituendo il kernel tramite kexec o leggendo\/scrivendo nella memoria attraverso \/dev\/kmem. La conseguenza pi\u00f9 ovvia di tale attivit\u00e0 potrebbe essere il bypass<\/a><\/noindex> del UEFI Secure Boot o l'estrazione di dati riservati memorizzati a livello di kernel.<\/p>\n

Inizialmente, le funzioni di limitazione dell'accesso root sono state sviluppate nel contesto del potenziamento della protezione dell'avvio verificato e le distribuzioni hanno gi\u00e0 applicato da tempo patch di terze parti per bloccare il bypass del UEFI Secure Boot. Tuttavia, tali limitazioni non sono state incluse nel kernel principale a causa di disaccordi<\/a><\/noindex> nella loro implementazione e preoccupazioni per il malfunzionamento dei sistemi esistenti. Il modulo «lockdown» incorpora patch gi\u00e0 utilizzate nelle distribuzioni, rielaborate sotto forma di un sottosistema separato, non legato a UEFI Secure Boot. <\/p>\n

In modalit\u00e0 lockdown l'accesso a \/dev\/mem, \/dev\/kmem, \/dev\/port, \/proc\/kcore, debugfs, la modalit\u00e0 di debug kprobes, mmiotrace, tracefs, BPF, la CIS PCMCIA (Card Information Structure), alcune interfacce ACPI e i registri MSR della CPU \u00e8 limitato, vengono bloccate le chiamate a kexec_file e kexec_load, viene vietato il passaggio in modalit\u00e0 sospensione, viene limitato l'uso del DMA per i dispositivi PCI, \u00e8 vietato l'importazione di codice ACPI da variabili EFI.
\nnon sono consentite operazioni con le porte di input\/output, inclusa la modifica del numero di interruzioni e della porta di input\/output per la porta seriale. <\/p>\n

Per impostazione predefinita, il modulo lockdown non \u00e8 attivo, viene compilato specificando nell'opzione kconfig SECURITY_LOCKDOWN_LSM e attivato tramite il parametro del kernel «lockdown=», il file di controllo «\/sys\/kernel\/security\/lockdown» o opzioni di compilazione LOCK_DOWN_KERNEL_FORCE_*<\/a><\/noindex>, che possono assumere i valori «integrity» e «confidentiality». Nel primo caso, vengono bloccate le possibilit\u00e0 di apportare modifiche al kernel in funzionamento dallo spazio utente, mentre nel secondo caso, oltre a ci\u00f2, viene disabilitata la funzionalit\u00e0 utilizzabile per estrarre informazioni riservate dal kernel.<\/p>\n

\u00c8 importante notare che il lockdown limita solo le capacit\u00e0 di accesso al kernel, ma non protegge da modifiche dovute all sfruttamento delle vulnerabilit\u00e0. Per bloccare le modifiche al kernel funzionante durante l'applicazione di exploit, il progetto Openwall si sviluppa<\/a><\/noindex> modulo separato LKRG<\/a><\/noindex> (Linux Kernel Runtime Guard).<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.4 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0439 «lockdown«, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0414\u044d\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0425\u043e\u0443\u044d\u043b\u043b\u0441\u043e\u043c (David Howells, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 Red Hat) \u0438 \u041c\u044d\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c (Matthew Garrett, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 Google) \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f root \u043a \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0443. \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 «lockdown» \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 LSM-\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c (Linux Security Module), \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 UID 0 \u0438 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38554","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Nel kernel Linux 5.4 sono state adottate patch per limitare l'accesso root agli interni del kernel | ProHoster","description":"Linus Torvalds ha incluso nel futuro rilascio del kernel Linux 5.4 un insieme di patch \"lockdown\", proposto da David Howells (che lavora in Red Hat) e Matthew Garrett (che lavora in Google) per limitare l'accesso dell'utente root al kernel. La funzionalit\u00e0 legata al \"lockdown\" \u00e8 stata portata in un modulo LSM (Linux Security Module) caricabile opzionalmente, che stabilisce una barriera tra UID 0 e","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/v-yadro-linux-5-4-prinyaty-patchi-dlya-ogranicheniya-dostupa-root-k-vnutrennostyam-yadra","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"it_IT","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0412 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e Linux 5.4 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 root \u043a \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.4 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0439 "lockdown", \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0414\u044d\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0425\u043e\u0443\u044d\u043b\u043b\u0441\u043e\u043c (David Howells, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 Red Hat) \u0438 \u041c\u044d\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c (Matthew Garrett, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 Google) \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f root \u043a \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0443. \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 "lockdown" \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 LSM-\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c (Linux Security Module), \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 UID 0 \u0438","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/v-yadro-linux-5-4-prinyaty-patchi-dlya-ogranicheniya-dostupa-root-k-vnutrennostyam-yadra","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T19:24:30+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T19:24:30+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"38554","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"Article","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-23 22:31:19","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-03-01 01:07:39","updated":"2026-01-23 22:31:19"},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38554","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38554"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38554\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38554"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38554"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38554"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}