{"id":38840,"date":"2019-10-31T22:26:17","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:26:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/svoj-dynamic-dns-s-pomoshhyu-cloudflare\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:26:17","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:26:17","slug":"svoj-dynamic-dns-s-pomoshhyu-cloudflare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/svoj-dynamic-dns-s-pomoshhyu-cloudflare","title":{"rendered":"Il tuo dynamic DNS con CloudFlare","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Prefazione<\/h3>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Il tuo dynamic DNS con CloudFlare\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/d1405e23e86048a05e6707bb5e9e215f.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/> Per esigenze personali a casa ho attivato VSphere, su cui gestisco un router virtuale e un server Ubuntu come media server, insieme a diverse altre cosine interessanti, e questo server deve essere accessibile da Internet. Ma il problema \u00e8 che il mio fornitore offre un indirizzo statico a pagamento, che potrei usare per scopi pi\u00f9 utili. Perci\u00f2 ho utilizzato una combinazione di ddclient + cloudflare. <\/p>\n<p>Tutto andava bene, finch\u00e9 ddclient non ha smesso di funzionare. Dopo averci smanettato un po', ho capito che era il momento di ricorrere a soluzioni improvvisate, poich\u00e9 cercare il problema richiedeva troppo tempo. Alla fine, tutto si \u00e8 tradotto in un piccolo demone che funziona semplicemente, e per me non serve altro. <br \/>\nChi \u00e8 interessato \u00e8 il benvenuto sotto il tag.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h3>Strumenti utilizzati e come \u00abquesto\u00bb funziona<\/h3>\n<p>\nQuindi, per prima cosa, ho appreso dal sito di cloudflare tutto ci\u00f2 che c'\u00e8 da sapere su <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/api.cloudflare.com\/\">API<\/a><\/noindex>. E stavo per realizzarlo tutto in Python (dopo aver conosciuto Python, lo uso sempre pi\u00f9 per compiti semplici o quando devo fare rapidamente un prototipo), quando mi sono imbattuto in una realizzazione praticamente pronta.<br \/>\nIn generale, \u00e8 stato preso come base il wrapper <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/python-cloudflare\">python-cloudflare<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p>Ho preso uno degli esempi per l'aggiornamento del DNS e ho aggiunto l'uso di un file di configurazione e la possibilit\u00e0 di aggiornare pi\u00f9 record A all'interno della zona, e naturalmente un numero illimitato di zone.<\/p>\n<p>La logica \u00e8 la seguente:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Lo script ottiene dal file di configurazione un elenco di zone e le attraversa in un ciclo.<\/li>\n<li>In ogni zona, lo script percorre in ciclo ogni record DNS di tipo A o AAAA e confronta l'indirizzo IP pubblico con il record.<\/li>\n<li>Se l'IP \u00e8 diverso, lo cambia; se \u00e8 lo stesso, salta l'iterazione del ciclo e passa al successivo. <\/li>\n<li>Va in pausa per il tempo specificato nella configurazione.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Installazione e configurazione<\/h3>\n<p>\nProbabilmente si potrebbe fare anche un pacchetto .deb, ma non sono molto esperto in questo, e non \u00e8 poi cos\u00ec complicato.<br \/>\nHo descritto il processo in modo abbastanza dettagliato nel README.md sulla <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/DzenDyn\/zen-cf-ddns\">pagina del repository.<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p>Ma per sicurezza lo descriver\u00f2 in russo con parole generali:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Assicurati di avere installato python3 e python3-pip; se non ce l'hai, installali (su Windows, python3-pip si installa insieme a Python).<\/li>\n<li>Clona o scarica il repository.<\/li>\n<li>Installa le dipendenze necessarie.\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">python3 -m pip install -r requirements.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Esegui lo script di installazione.<br \/>\nPer Linux:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">chmod +x install.sh\nsudo .\/install.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nPer Windows: windows_install.bat\n<\/li>\n<li>Modifica il file di configurazione.<br \/>\nPer Linux:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">sudoedit \/etc\/zen-cf-ddns.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nPer Windows:<\/p>\n<p>Apri il file zen-cf-ddns.conf nella cartella in cui hai installato lo script.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c8 un file JSON standard; per le impostazioni non c'\u00e8 nulla di complicato \u2013 ho descritto come esempio 2 zone diverse in esso.\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>Cosa si nasconde dietro gli installer?<\/h4>\n<p>\ninstall.sh per Linux:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Viene creato un utente per eseguire il demone, senza la creazione di una home directory e senza possibilit\u00e0 di login.\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">sudo useradd -r -s \/bin\/false zen-cf-ddns<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Viene creato un file per la registrazione dei log in \/var\/log\/<\/li>\n<li>Impostiamo il proprietario del file di log sull'utente appena creato.<\/li>\n<li>I file vengono copiati nelle loro posizioni (il config in \/etc, il file eseguibile in \/usr\/bin, il file di servizio in \/lib\/systemd\/system)<\/li>\n<li>Il servizio viene attivato.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\nwindows_install.bat per Windows:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Copia il file eseguibile e il file di configurazione nella cartella specificata dall'utente.<\/li>\n<li>Crea un'attivit\u00e0 nel pianificatore per eseguire lo script all'avvio del sistema.<br \/>\n<code>schtasks \/create \/tn \"CloudFlare Update IP\" \/tr \"%newLocation%\" \/sc onstart<\/code>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\nDopo aver modificato il config, lo script deve essere riavviato, in Linux \u00e8 tutto semplice e familiare:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">sudo service zen-cf-ddns start\nsudo service zen-cf-ddns stop\nsudo service zen-cf-ddns restart\nsudo service zen-cf-ddns status\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nper Windows dovrai terminare il processo pythonw e rilanciare lo script (\u00e8 troppo complicato per me scrivere un servizio in Windows in C#):<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">taskkill \/im pythonw.exe<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nL'installazione e la configurazione sono terminate, ora puoi utilizzarlo liberamente.<\/p>\n<p>Per chi desidera vedere un codice Python non proprio elegante, ecco <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/DzenDyn\/zen-cf-ddns\">repository su GitHub<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p>Licenza MIT, quindi sentitevi liberi di fare ci\u00f2 che volete con questo.<\/p>\n<p>P.S.: Capisco che risulta un po' un lavoro artigianale, ma sta svolgendo il suo compito egregiamente.<\/p>\n<p>UPD: 11.10.2019 17:37<br \/>\nHo trovato un altro problema e sarei molto grato se qualcuno potesse darmi una mano a risolverlo.<br \/>\n\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 sudo python -m pip install -r &#8230;, \u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b, \u0430 \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434 sudo, \u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e.<br \/>\nCome si dovrebbe fare per rendere il tutto pi\u00f9 presentabile?<br \/>\nUPD: 11.10.2019 19:16 Il problema \u00e8 stato risolto utilizzando venv.<br \/>\nCi sono stati alcuni cambiamenti. Un nuovo rilascio arriver\u00e0 nei prossimi giorni.<br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/471102\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0434 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u043b VSphere, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 Ubuntu \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043a\u0443\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0448\u0435\u043a, \u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442. \u041d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0433\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0439 ddclient + [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":29132,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0434 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u043b VSphere, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0443 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content=\"2019-10-31T19:26:17+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T19:26:17+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Il tuo dynamic DNS con CloudFlare | ProHoster","description":"Prefazione: Per necessit\u00e0 personali, ho installato VSphere, dove gestisco un router virtuale e un server Ubuntu come media server e molte altre utilit\u00e0, e questo server deve essere accessibile da Internet. Ma il problema \u00e8 che il mio provider offre IP statici a pagamento, e ci sono modi pi\u00f9 utili per utilizzare quei soldi. 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