{"id":38891,"date":"2019-10-31T22:26:35","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:26:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/sovmestnoe-setevoe-ispolzovanie-kriptograficheskogo-tokena-polzovatelyami-na-baze-usbip\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:26:35","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:26:35","slug":"sovmestnoe-setevoe-ispolzovanie-kriptograficheskogo-tokena-polzovatelyami-na-baze-usbip","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/sovmestnoe-setevoe-ispolzovanie-kriptograficheskogo-tokena-polzovatelyami-na-baze-usbip","title":{"rendered":"Condivisione della rete del token crittografico per gli utenti basato su usbip.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

A seguito del cambiamento della legislazione riguardante i servizi fiduciari (\"Sui servizi fiduciari elettronici\" Ucraina), l'azienda ha ritenuto necessario che diversi reparti lavorassero con le chiavi memorizzate su token (al momento, il numero di chiavi hardware \u00e8 ancora aperto).<\/p>\n

Come strumento a costi minimi (senza costi) la scelta \u00e8 ricaduta su usbip<\/a><\/noindex>. Il server su Ubuntu 18.04 ha funzionato grazie alla pubblicazione Controlliamo USB\/IP<\/a><\/noindex> ed \u00e8 stato testato con successo su diverse chiavette USB (dato che al momento non si disponeva di un token). Non ci sono stati problemi particolari, a parte il monopolio (riservato all'utente) in quel momento. \u00c8 chiaro che per consentire l'accesso a pi\u00f9 utenti (almeno due, per iniziare) \u00e8 necessario suddividere l'accesso nel tempo e farli lavorare a turno.<\/p>\n

Si pone la questione: come fare in modo che tutti possano lavorare con le minime complicazioni...
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Parte grezza<\/h1>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Condivisione
\nE variante<\/b>. Diverse scorciatoie per file bat, in particolare
\na) Collegamento della chiave di accesso.
\nb) Disconnessione consapevole. <\/p>\n

\u041f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442 «b<\/b>» \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u043c \u0432 3 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b.<\/p>\n

La peculiarit\u00e0 del client usbip \u00e8 che dopo il suo avvio rimane attivo nella console, senza interrompere la sessione della console; la connessione pu\u00f2 essere terminata \"bruscamente\" sia dal lato del client che da quello del server.<\/p>\n

\n Ecco cosa ha funzionato correttamente per noi:<\/p>\n

primo: connessione on.bat<\/i><\/b> <\/p>\n

usbip -a 172.16.12.26 4-1\nmsg * \"Firma\/token non disponibili o occupati\"<\/code><\/pre>\n
secondo: disconnessione off.bat<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n
ping 127.0.0.1 -n 180\ntaskkill \/IM usbip.exe \/F<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nnon fidandosi della consapevolezza dell'utente, gli script sono stati uniti in token.bat<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n
on.bat | off.bat<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u0427\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f: \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0435, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u043c token.bat, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e \u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430, \u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435, \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 180 \u043f\u0438\u043d\u0433\u043e\u0432. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c «@ECHO OFF» \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0432 «> nul» \u0434\u0430\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0448\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u00bb \u043d\u0430 USB \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e-\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e-\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043a\u043e. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\n
\"Condivisione
\n
\nNaturalmente, durante la lavorazione direttamente con il token, tutto \u00e8 andato diversamente da quanto previsto: quando \u00e8 collegato fisicamente nel gestore dispositivi, il token viene registrato come 2 dispositivi (WUDF e smart card), mentre in rete solo come WUDF (anche se per la richiesta del codice PIN questo \u00e8 sufficiente).<\/p>\n
\"Condivisione
\n
\n\u00c8 anche emerso che il brutale 'taskkill' non \u00e8 poi cos\u00ec severo, e chiudere la connessione sul client \u00e8 problematico e anche se ci si riesce, non garantisce la chiusura sul server.<\/p>\n
Sacrificando tutte le console sul client, il secondo script \u00e8 diventato:<\/p>\n
ping 127.0.0.1 -n 180 > nul\ntaskkill \/IM usbip.exe \/F \/T > nul\nping 127.0.0.1 -n 10 > nul\ntaskkill \/IM conhost.exe \/F \/T > nul<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nanche se la sua efficacia \u00e8 inferiore al 50%, poich\u00e9 il server continuava a considerare la connessione ancora aperta.<\/p>\n
I problemi di connessione hanno portato a considerare un aggiornamento della parte server.<\/p>\n
Parte server<\/h1>\n
\nCosa serve:<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. Disconnettere gli utenti inattivi dal servizio.<\/li>\n
  2. Vedere chi sta usando (o occupando ancora) il token attualmente.<\/li>\n
  3. Vedere se il token \u00e8 collegato al computer stesso.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \n\u00c8 stato deciso di affrontare queste attivit\u00e0 utilizzando i servizi crontab e apache. La discrezionalit\u00e0 della registrazione dello stato dei risultati del monitoraggio dei punti 2 e 3 ci indica che il file system pu\u00f2 essere posizionato su ramdrive. \u00c8 stata aggiunta la riga nel \/etc\/fstab <\/p>\n
    tmpfs   \/ram_drive      tmpfs   defaults,nodev,size=64K         0       0\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n\u00c8 stata creata una cartella principale chiamata script con gli script: smontaggio-montaggio del token usb_restart.sh <\/p>\n
    usbip unbind -b 1-2\nsleep 2\nusbip bind -b 1-2\nsleep 2\nusbip attach --remote=localhost --busid=1-2\nsleep 2\nusbip detach --port=00<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \nottenimento dell'elenco dei dispositivi attivi usblist_id.sh<\/p>\n
    usbip list -r 127.0.0.1 | grep ':' |awk -F \":\" '{print $1}'| sed s\/' '\/\/g | grep -v \"^$\" > \/ram_drive\/usb_id.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \nottenimento dell'elenco degli IP attivi (con successiva modifica per visualizzare gli identificatori degli utenti) usbip_client_ip.sh<\/p>\n
    netstat -an | grep :3240 | grep ESTABLISHED|awk '{print $5}'|cut -f1 -d\":\" > \/ram_drive\/usb_ip_cli.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \nil crontab stesso appare cos\u00ec:<\/p>\n
    *\/5 * * * * \/!script\/usb_restart.sh > \/dev\/null 2>&1\n* * * * * ( sleep 30 ; \/!script\/usblist_id.sh > \/dev\/null)\n* * * * * (sleep 10 ; \/!script\/usbip_client_ip.sh > \/dev\/null)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \nQuindi abbiamo: ogni 5 minuti pu\u00f2 connettersi un nuovo utente, indipendentemente da chi ha lavorato con il token. La cartella \/ramdrive \u00e8 collegata al server http tramite un symlink, in cui vengono salvati 2 file di testo che mostrano lo stato del server usbip.<\/p>\n
    Parte successiva: \u00abBrutto nella confezione\u00bb<\/h1>\n
    \nII opzione.<\/b> Rendere un po' pi\u00f9 piacevole l'interfaccia per gli utenti con qualcosa di meno spaventoso. Considerando che gli utenti hanno versioni di Windows diverse con framework e diritti diversi, non ho trovato un approccio meno problematico rispetto a questo. Lazarus<\/a><\/noindex> Posso sicuramente consigliare C#, ma non in questo caso. \u00c8 possibile eseguire file bat dall'interfaccia anche in background, minimizzati, ma senza un'adeguata prova, personalmente ritengo che sia necessario visualizzare per raccogliere i disagi degli utenti.<\/p>\n
    \"Condivisione
    \n
    \nSono stati risolti i seguenti compiti con l'interfaccia e la parte software:<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. Visualizzare se il token \u00e8 attualmente occupato.<\/li>\n
    2. Al primo avvio, la configurazione iniziale con la generazione di file bat \u00abcorretti\u00bb per l'avvio e l'interruzione della sessione di lavoro con il server del token. Nei successivi avvi, implementazione della \u00abmodalit\u00e0 servizio\u00bb tramite password.<\/li>\n
    3. Controllo della connessione al server, i cui risultati vengono utilizzati per interrogarlo sulla disponibilit\u00e0 o visualizzare messaggi di problemi. Al ripristino della connessione, il programma inizia automaticamente a funzionare normalmente.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \nLa gestione del server WEB \u00e8 realizzata tramite un'estensione aggiuntiva fphttpclient.<\/p>\n
      \r\n        \"Riproduci\r\n        
      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div><\/center>
      \n      qui ci sar\u00e0 il link all'ultima versione del client<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n
      ci sono anche ulteriori considerazioni sull'argomento dell'articolo, cos\u00ec come un'iniziale entusiastico apprezzamento per il prodotto VirtualHere e le sue caratteristiche...
      \n
      Fonte:       habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      \u0412 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0433 ( \u00ab\u041f\u0440\u043e \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0433\u0438\u00bb \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0430), \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0445 (\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442). \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 (\u0431\u0435\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0437\u0434\u043d\u043e) \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430 usbip. \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 Ubintu 18.04 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0435\u043c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":29176,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38891","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Condivisione di token crittografici in rete tra utenti su base usbip | ProHoster","description":"A causa delle modifiche legislative riguardo ai servizi fiduciari (\"Sui servizi fiduciari elettronici\" Ucraina), l'azienda ha avuto la necessit\u00e0 che diversi reparti lavorassero con le chiavi situate su token (al momento, la questione del numero di chiavi hardware \u00e8 ancora aperta). Come strumento con i costi pi\u00f9 contenuti (senza oneri) la scelta \u00e8 subito ricaduta su usbip. Il server su Ubuntu 18.04 \u00e8 stato avviato grazie alla pubblicazione di \"Domare\"","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/sovmestnoe-setevoe-ispolzovanie-kriptograficheskogo-tokena-polzovatelyami-na-baze-usbip","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"it_IT","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0421\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 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