{"id":38982,"date":"2019-10-31T22:27:11","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/iptables-i-filtratsiya-trafika-ot-bednyh-i-lenivyh-inakomyslyashhih\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:27:11","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:11","slug":"iptables-i-filtratsiya-trafika-ot-bednyh-i-lenivyh-inakomyslyashhih","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/iptables-i-filtratsiya-trafika-ot-bednyh-i-lenivyh-inakomyslyashhih","title":{"rendered":"Iptables e filtrazione del traffico da pensatori alternativi pigri e indolenti","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La necessit\u00e0 di bloccare l'accesso a risorse vietate tocca ogni amministratore che possa essere ufficialmente accusato di non rispettare la legge o le disposizioni delle autorit\u00e0 competenti. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Iptables e filtrazione del traffico da pensatori alternativi pigri e indolenti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/add48d25f687f411cd3c9235c9df61c1.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nPerch\u00e9 reinventare la ruota quando ci sono programmi e distribuzioni specializzate per le nostre necessit\u00e0, come: Zeroshell, pfSense, ClearOS. <\/p>\n<p>C'\u00e8 stata un'altra domanda da parte della dirigenza: Il prodotto utilizzato ha un certificato di sicurezza del nostro stato?<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nAbbiamo avuto esperienza con le distribuzioni elencate:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Zeroshell \u2014 i sviluppatori hanno persino regalato una licenza di 2 anni, ma si \u00e8 rivelato che la distribuzione in questione non eseguiva in modo logico una funzione critica per noi;<\/li>\n<li>pfSense \u2014 rispetto e considerazione, ma anche noia; ci si abitua all'interfaccia a riga di comando del firewall FreeBSD e non \u00e8 abbastanza conveniente per noi (credo sia solo questione di abitudine, ma non era la strada giusta);<\/li>\n<li>ClearOS \u2014 si \u00e8 rivelato molto lento sul nostro hardware, non siamo riusciti a arrivare a test seri, ecco perch\u00e9 utilizzare interfacce cos\u00ec pesanti? <\/li>\n<li>Ideco SELECTA. Un prodotto \u00abIdeco\u00bb merita una discussione a parte: \u00e8 un prodotto interessante, ma per motivi politici non \u00e8 per noi. Vorrei anche affrontare il tema della licenza per lo stesso Linux, Roundcube, ecc. Come possono pensare che 'realizzando' un'interfaccia, <b>Python<\/b> e sottraendo i diritti da superuser, possano vendere un prodotto finito compilato da moduli sviluppati e modificati dalla comunit\u00e0 internet distribuiti sotto GPL&amp;ecc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nCapisco che ora ricever\u00f2 reazioni negative con richieste di una giustificazione dettagliata delle mie percezioni soggettive, ma voglio dire che questo nodo della rete funzione anche come bilanciatore di traffico verso 4 canali esterni verso Internet, e ogni canale ha le sue peculiarit\u00e0. Un punto cruciale \u00e8 stata la necessit\u00e0 di far funzionare uno dei vari interfacce di rete in differenti spazi indirizzinali, e io <b>sono<\/b> pronto a <b>ammettere che non sono pronto ad applicare VLAN ovunque sia necessario e non necessario.<\/b>Attualmente utilizzo dispositivi come il TP-Link TL-R480T+ \u2014 non si comportano in modo perfetto, in generale hanno le loro particolarit\u00e0. Questa parte su Linux \u00e8 riuscita a essere configurata in modo ragionevole grazie al sito ufficiale di Ubuntu. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/help.ubuntu.ru\/wiki\/ip_balancing\">IP-Balancing: uniamo pi\u00f9 canali Internet in uno solo<\/a><\/noindex>. Ciascuno dei canali pu\u00f2 \"cadere\" in qualsiasi momento, cos\u00ec come pu\u00f2 risollevarsi. Se sei interessato a uno script che funzioni attualmente (e questo merita una pubblicazione separata) \u2014 scrivici nei commenti. <\/p>\n<p>La soluzione che stiamo considerando non pretende di essere originale, ma vogliamo porre una domanda: \u00abPerch\u00e9 in un'azienda adattarsi a prodotti esterni discutibili con requisiti hardware severi quando si pu\u00f2 considerare un'alternativa?\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Se in RF c'\u00e8 un elenco del Roskomnadzor, in Ucraina \u2014 un'app nel Decreto del Consiglio di Sicurezza Nazionale (ad es. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.president.gov.ua\/documents\/1262018-24150\">ecco<\/a><\/noindex>), anche a livello locale i manager non restano con le mani in mano. Ad esempio, ci \u00e8 stato trasmesso un elenco di siti vietati, secondo il parere della direzione, che riducono la produttivit\u00e0 sul posto di lavoro. <\/p>\n<p>Parlando con colleghi in altre aziende, dove di default tutti i siti sono vietati e solo su richiesta con il permesso del capo si pu\u00f2 accedere a un sito specifico, sorridendo rispettosamente, riflettendo e \"fumando su questo problema\" \u00e8 giunto il nostro riconoscimento che la vita \u00e8 comunque bella e abbiamo iniziato la nostra ricerca.<\/p>\n<p>Avendo la possibilit\u00e0 di analizzare non solo ci\u00f2 che si scrive nei \"libri delle casalinghe\" riguardo alla filtrazione del traffico, ma anche di osservare cosa succede nei canali di diversi provider, abbiamo notato le seguenti ricette (qualunque screenshot \u00e8 un po' ritagliato, vi prego di comprendere):<\/p>\n<p>Provider 1<br \/>\n \u2014 non si preoccupa e impone i propri server DNS e un proxy trasparente. Beh?.. per\u00f2 abbiamo accesso dove dobbiamo andare (se ci serve :))<\/p>\n<p>Provider 2<br \/>\n \u2014 ritiene che sia compito del suo provider superiore pensarci, il supporto tecnico del provider superiore ha persino ammesso perch\u00e9 non riesco ad aprire il sito che mi serve e che non \u00e8 vietato. Penso che l'immagine vi far\u00e0 ridere \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Iptables e filtrazione del traffico da pensatori alternativi pigri e indolenti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ea50d22bb4ab91bfdd52ceae9ccde0e2.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nCome si \u00e8 rivelato, traducono i nomi dei siti vietati in indirizzi IP e bloccano proprio l'IP (non si preoccupano del fatto che su questo indirizzo IP potrebbero esserci anche 20 siti). <\/p>\n<p>Provider 3<br \/>\n \u2014 lascia passare il traffico in una direzione, ma non lo permette di tornare lungo il percorso.<\/p>\n<p>Provider 4<br \/>\n \u2014 vieta tutte le manipolazioni con i pacchetti nella direzione indicata.<\/p>\n<p>E cosa fare con il VPN (rispetto per il browser Opera) e i plugin per i browser? Giocando inizialmente con i nodi Mikrotik, abbiamo persino sviluppato una ricetta esigente per L7, dalla quale poi abbiamo dovuto ritirarci (i nomi vietati potrebbero essere molti di pi\u00f9, diventa triste quando, oltre ai propri doveri diretti sui percorsi, la CPU PPC460GT raggiunge il 100% di carico in 30 espressioni).<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Iptables e filtrazione del traffico da pensatori alternativi pigri e indolenti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/c71db959ded51da02ad43e8e14a4144b.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/>.<\/p>\n<p>Cosa \u00e8 diventato chiaro:<br \/>\nIl DNS su 127.0.0.1 non \u00e8 affatto una panacea; le versioni moderne dei browser consentono comunque di aggirare tali problemi. Non si possono limitare tutti gli utenti con diritti ridotti, e non bisogna dimenticare l'enorme quantit\u00e0 di DNS alternativi. Internet non \u00e8 statico e, oltre ai nuovi indirizzi DNS, i siti vietati acquistano nuovi indirizzi, cambiano i nomi di dominio di primo livello, possono aggiungere\/rimuovere caratteri nel loro indirizzo. Tuttavia, ha comunque diritto a esistere qualcosa come:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">ip route add blackhole 1.2.3.4<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nSarebbe piuttosto efficace ottenere un elenco di indirizzi IP dai siti vietati, ma per le ragioni sopra indicate siamo passati a considerare l'Iptables. Esisteva gi\u00e0 un bilanciatore attivo su CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804.<\/p>\n<p>La connessione internet deve essere veloce, e il browser non deve attendere mezz'ora per dichiarare che questa pagina non \u00e8 disponibile. Dopo lunghe ricerche, siamo giunti a questo modello:<br \/>\nFile 1 -&gt; <b>\/script\/denied_host<\/b>, elenco dei nomi vietati:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">test.test\nblablabla.bubu\ntorrent\nporno<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nFile 2 -&gt; <b>\/script\/denied_range<\/b>, elenco degli spazi di indirizzi e indirizzi vietati:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">192.168.111.0\/24\n241.242.0.0\/16<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nFile-script 3 -&gt; <b>ipt.sh<\/b>, che gestisce il lavoro con iptables:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\"># \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\nHOSTS=`cat \/script\/denied_host | grep -v '^#'`\nRANGE=`cat \/script\/denied_range | grep -v '^#'`\necho \"Stopping firewall and allowing everyone...\"\n# \u0441\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 iptables, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043e\nsudo iptables -F\nsudo iptables -X\nsudo iptables -t nat -F\nsudo iptables -t nat -X\nsudo iptables -t mangle -F\nsudo iptables -t mangle -X\nsudo iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT\nsudo iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT\nsudo iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT\n#\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0445 (\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b)\nsudo sh rout.sh\n# \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438\nfor i in $HOSTS; do\nsudo iptables -I FORWARD -m string --string $i --algo bm --from 1 --to 600 -p tcp -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset;\nsudo iptables -I FORWARD -m string --string $i --algo bm --from 1 --to 600 -p udp -j DROP;\ndone\n# \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\nfor i in $RANGE; do\nsudo iptables -I FORWARD -p UDP -d $i -j DROP;\nsudo iptables -I FORWARD -p TCP  -d $i -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset;\ndone\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nL'uso di sudo \u00e8 dovuto al fatto che abbiamo un piccolo hack per la gestione tramite l'interfaccia WEB, ma l'esperienza di oltre un anno con questo modello ha dimostrato che il WEB non \u00e8 cos\u00ec necessario. Dopo l'implementazione, c'era la volont\u00e0 di inserire l'elenco dei siti in un database e simili. Il numero di host bloccati \u00e8 superiore a 250 + una decina di spazi di indirizzi. Ci sono davvero problemi quando si accede a un sito tramite una connessione https, e come amministratore di sistema ho delle lamentele sui browser :), ma questi sono casi isolati; la maggior parte delle attivazioni per l'assenza di accesso alle risorse \u00e8 comunque dalla nostra parte, bloccando anche con successo Opera VPN, plugin come friGate e la telemetria di Microsoft.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Iptables e filtrazione del traffico da pensatori alternativi pigri e indolenti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/c08d381986d74a8000d5a77e4a34e750.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/471402\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0410\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432. \u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: Zeroshell, pfSense, ClearOS. \u0415\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430: \u0410 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438 \u0443 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430? \u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":29247,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38982","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0410\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432. \u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: Zeroshell, pfSense, ClearOS. \u0415\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430: \u0410 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438 \u0443 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430? \u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/iptables-i-filtratsiya-trafika-ot-bednyh-i-lenivyh-inakomyslyashhih\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.9.10\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47Iptables \u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0410\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432. \u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: Zeroshell, pfSense, ClearOS. \u0415\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430: \u0410 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438 \u0443 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430? \u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/iptables-i-filtratsiya-trafika-ot-bednyh-i-lenivyh-inakomyslyashhih\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T19:27:11+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T19:27:11+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Iptables e filtraggio del traffico per poveri e pigri dissenzienti | ProHoster","description":"L'importanza del blocco degli accessi a risorse vietate riguarda ogni amministratore, che potrebbe ricevere ufficialmente contestazioni per non aver rispettato la legge o le disposizioni delle autorit\u00e0 competenti. Perch\u00e9 reinventare la ruota quando esistono programmi e distribuzioni specializzate per i nostri compiti, come Zeroshell, pfSense, ClearOS? Un'altra domanda \u00e8 emersa dai dirigenti: Il prodotto utilizzato ha un certificato di sicurezza del nostro stato? Abbiamo avuto esperienza.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/iptables-i-filtratsiya-trafika-ot-bednyh-i-lenivyh-inakomyslyashhih","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"it_IT","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47Iptables \u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0410\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432. \u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: Zeroshell, pfSense, ClearOS. \u0415\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430: \u0410 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438 \u0443 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430? \u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/iptables-i-filtratsiya-trafika-ot-bednyh-i-lenivyh-inakomyslyashhih","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T19:27:11+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T19:27:11+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"38982","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-24 00:15:21","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-03-01 00:59:27","updated":"2026-01-24 00:15:21"},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38982","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38982"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38982\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29247"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38982"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38982"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38982"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}