{"id":42162,"date":"2019-03-18T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-03-17T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/yadro-linux-5-1-chto-izvestno-ob-izmeneniyah"},"modified":"2020-02-18T13:44:58","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T10:44:58","slug":"yadro-linux-5-1-chto-izvestno-ob-izmeneniyah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/yadro-linux-5-1-chto-izvestno-ob-izmeneniyah","title":{"rendered":"Linux kernel 5.1 \u2014 cosa sappiamo sulle modifiche","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La versione celebrativa del kernel Linux 5.0 \u00e8 stata rilasciata all'inizio di marzo. Tuttavia, i lavori sul kernel 5.1 sono gi\u00e0 in corso. In questo articolo, esploreremo una serie di novit\u00e0 attese in questa versione.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/1cloud\/blog\/444078\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Linux kernel 5.1 \u2014 cosa sappiamo sulle modifiche\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/020db917c52d819365f4ba43f18e6b17.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<i>\/ Flickr \/ <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/ayumew\/35897335360\/\">ayu oshimi<\/a><\/noindex> \/ <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.0\/\">CC BY-SA<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n<h2>Discontinuano il supporto a a.out<\/h2>\n<p>\nLinux supporta file binari <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Executable_and_Linkable_Format\">ELF<\/a><\/noindex> fin dalla prima versione del kernel. Dopo 25 anni, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/A.out\">a.out<\/a><\/noindex> si prevede di trasferirlo nella categoria delle tecnologie obsolete (deprecated). Gli sviluppatori affermano che si tratta di una procedura necessaria, poich\u00e9 nel corso del tempo <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=eac616557050737a8d6ef6fe0322d0980ff0ffde\">il codice ha iniziato a \"degradarsi\"<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p>Linus Torvalds ha sottolineato <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=08300f4402abc0eb3bc9c91b27a529836710d32d\">che nessuno degli attuali compilatori genera binari nel formato a.out, quindi non ha pi\u00f9 senso.<\/a><\/noindex>L'abbandono di a.out avverr\u00e0 in due fasi. Nel Linux 5.1 sar\u00e0 rimosso il codice per il dump di memoria (<\/p>\n<p>core dumping<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8\">code) \u2014 si tratta di<\/a><\/noindex> circa 500 righe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=Linux-Dropping-A.Out\">. Secondo Linus, \u00e8 altamente improbabile che qualcuno abbia bisogno di districarsi nel codice legacy, e gli utenti che continuano a generare file eseguibili a.out avranno tempo per ristrutturare i loro processi aziendali.<\/a><\/noindex>Nelle versioni successive, il supporto verr\u00e0 completamente interrotto, ma solo se non ci sar\u00e0 qualcuno nella comunit\u00e0 disposto a mantenere il formato.<\/p>\n<p>Vengono apportate modifiche alle patch contro Spectre<\/p>\n<h2>Apportano modifiche alle patch contro Spectre<\/h2>\n<p>\nAlcuni cambiamenti saranno inclusi nella patch Retpoline per proteggere contro l'attacco Spectre v2. Essa utilizza una sequenza di istruzioni speciale che blocca il meccanismo di esecuzione speculativa nella CPU. Gli sviluppatori prevedono <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=Linux-5.1-Retpoline-GCC-Opt\">aumentare<\/a><\/noindex> di aumentare la soglia per la generazione di chiamate indirette da operatori di branching da cinque a venti. In alcuni casi, questo permetter\u00e0 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lore.kernel.org\/patchwork\/patch\/1044863\/\">aumentare<\/a><\/noindex> un incremento delle prestazioni fino al 20%.<\/p>\n<p>Inoltre, il kernel 5.1 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=Linux-5.1-PR_SPEC_DISABLE_NOEXE\">ricever\u00e0<\/a><\/noindex> introduce un nuovo flag PR_SPEC_DISABLE_NOEXEC, che disabilita la protezione dalla vulnerabilit\u00e0 Spectre v4 in tutti i processi figli eseguiti sul server. \u00c8 collegato alla funzione\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Memory_disambiguation\">memory disambiguation<\/a><\/noindex>, che consentiva l'esecuzione fuori ordine delle istruzioni. Secondo gli esperti, il flag automatizza il controllo per disabilitare la patch e consentir\u00e0 di accelerare i server con un maggior numero di processi attivi contemporaneamente. Maggiori dettagli su questo <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/1cloud\/blog\/442140\/\">sono stati trattati in uno dei nostri articoli precedenti<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><i>Le nuove funzionalit\u00e0 che ottimizzano il funzionamento dei server Linux potrebbero influenzare la popolarit\u00e0 di questo OS nell'ambiente cloud. Noi di <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/1cloud.ru?utm_source=habrahabr&amp;utm_medium=cpm&amp;utm_campaign=kernel5.1&amp;utm_content=site\">1cloud<\/a><\/noindex> abbiamo raccolto statistiche \u2014 il sistema operativo pi\u00f9 popolare nel cloud tra i nostri clienti rimane Windows (79%). La quota di Linux \u00e8 del 20%. In futuro ci aspettiamo che il secondo sistema operativo recuperi un po' di terreno sul mercato. Presentiamo anche un grafico della distribuzione delle quote tra le distribuzioni Linux (la distribuzione pi\u00f9 popolare tra i nostri clienti rimane Ubuntu \u2014 45%, seguita da CentOS con il 28% e Debian con il 26%).<\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Linux kernel 5.1 \u2014 cosa sappiamo sulle modifiche\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/ec7ce7b85e26a9d773809d000dcfd31c.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Linux kernel 5.1 \u2014 cosa sappiamo sulle modifiche\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/197fef2e62364accb816376155a2488d.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Aggiungono molti driver audio<\/h2>\n<p>\nIn uno dei thread su Hacker News i residenti <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/news.ycombinator.com\/item?id=18750836\">che<\/a><\/noindex>, affermano che Linux ha sempre avuto difficolt\u00e0 con il supporto hardware. Ma nella 5.1 saranno aggiunti <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=Linux-5.1-Sound-Updates\">molti driver<\/a><\/noindex> per l'audio.<\/p>\n<p>Ad esempio, verr\u00e0 introdotto un driver per <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=RME-Fireface-UCX-Linux\">la scheda audio Fireface UCX<\/a><\/noindex>, progettata per l'uso in studi di registrazione e sale da concerto. Inoltre, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.soundonsound.com\/reviews\/rme-fireface-ucx\">aggiungeranno<\/a><\/noindex> il driver MediaTek BTCVSD per il chip Bluetooth, che \u00e8 stato proposto dagli sviluppatori di MediaTek.<\/p>\n<p>Ci si aspetta supporto per i controller Asahi Kasei Microdevices AK4497, Cirrus Logic CS4341\/CS35L26 e i controller integrati di Google ChromeOS. Inoltre, sono nel elenco Ingenic JZ4725B, MT8183 e MT6358, NXP MICFIL, Rockchip RK3328, controller Spreadtrum DMA e molti altri.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Linux kernel 5.1 \u2014 cosa sappiamo sulle modifiche\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/ef4e02a23e7b3e4f1fa3c9683013b3ec.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>\/ Flickr \/ <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/cmichel67\/19565381686\/\">Christopher Michel<\/a><\/noindex> \/ <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/\">CC BY<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n<h2>Cosa aspettarsi ancora nel kernel Linux 5.1<\/h2>\n<p>\nCome riporta Phoronix, gli sviluppatori <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=Linux-5.1-DAX-PMEM-AS-RAM\">potrebbero restituire<\/a><\/noindex> In Linux 5.1, there is the ability to use persistent memory as RAM. Specifically, Optane NVDIMM (made with 3D Xpoint technology) on the DDR4 bus can be \"turned into\" a memory storage device.<\/p>\n<p>Read more about the work being done in this area <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/lkml.iu.edu\/hypermail\/linux\/kernel\/1903.1\/01357.html\">in the thread on LKML<\/a><\/noindex>. Right now, Linus <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2019\/3\/10\/191\">is waiting for clarifications<\/a><\/noindex> on the behavior of Optane from the developers at Intel. Only after receiving them will he decide whether to include the new function in kernel 5.1.<\/p>\n<p>We can also expect patches addressing <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_2038_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0\">the year 2038 problem<\/a><\/noindex>. On January 19, 2038, the time value will no longer fit into a signed 32-bit integer. This will cause widespread program failures. Therefore, developers are gradually <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=Linux-5.1-Year-2038-Syscalls\">making changes<\/a><\/noindex> to the relevant system calls \u2014 the new version of the kernel will not be an exception.<\/p>\n<p>More information about potential changes in the Linux kernel code can be expected soon. We will continue to write about them in upcoming materials.<\/p>\n<h5>In our corporate blog:<\/h5>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/1cloud.ru\/blog\/ekonomiya-na-api?utm_source=habrahabr&amp;utm_medium=cpm&amp;utm_campaign=kernel5.1&amp;utm_content=blog\">How to save with API<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/1cloud.ru\/blog\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-failov?utm_source=habrahabr&amp;utm_medium=cpm&amp;utm_campaign=kernel5.1&amp;utm_content=blog\">How to protect against data loss<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/1cloud.ru\/blog\/osobennosti-i-polza-obektnyh-hranilish?utm_source=habrahabr&amp;utm_medium=cpm&amp;utm_campaign=kernel5.1&amp;utm_content=blog\">Where object storage is useful<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/1cloud\/blog\/444078\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u042e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.0 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430. \u041d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434 kernel 5.1 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438. \/ Flickr \/ ayu oshimi \/ CC BY-SA \u041f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0443 a.out Linux \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b ELF \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430. \u0421\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044f 25 \u043b\u0435\u0442, a.out \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u042e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.0 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430. \u041d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434 kernel 5.1 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u044b 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content=\"2019-03-17T21:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-02-18T10:44:58+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Core Linux 5.1 \u2014 cosa sappiamo sulle modifiche | ProHoster","description":"La versione celebrativa del kernel Linux 5.0 \u00e8 stata rilasciata all'inizio di marzo. Tuttavia, i lavori sul kernel 5.1 sono gi\u00e0 in corso. In questo articolo, esamineremo alcune delle novit\u00e0 attese in questa versione. \/ Flickr \/ ayu oshimi \/ CC BY-SA Viene interrotta la supporto per a.out Linux supporta i file binari ELF sin dalla prima versione del kernel. 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