{"id":55360,"date":"2020-01-18T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-17T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/kopileft-litsenzii-postepenno-vytesnyayutsya-permissivnymi"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:03:28","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:03:28","slug":"kopileft-litsenzii-postepenno-vytesnyayutsya-permissivnymi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/news\/kopileft-litsenzii-postepenno-vytesnyayutsya-permissivnymi","title":{"rendered":"Le licenze copyleft vengono gradualmente sostituite da licenze permissive","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

L'azienda WhiteSource ha analizzato<\/a><\/noindex> Licenze per 4 milioni di pacchetti open source e 130 milioni di file di codice in 200 diversi linguaggi di programmazione hanno portato alla conclusione che la quota delle licenze copyleft sta diminuendo costantemente. Nel 2012, il 59% di tutti i progetti open source era fornito sotto licenze copyleft come GPL, LGPL e AGPL, mentre la quota di licenze permissive come MIT, Apache e BSD era del 41%. Nel 2016, il rapporto si \u00e8 invertito a favore delle licenze permissive, che hanno raggiunto il 55%. Entro il 2019, il divario \u00e8 aumentato e il 67% dei progetti \u00e8 fornito sotto licenze permissive, mentre solo il 33% \u00e8 sotto copyleft. <\/p>\n

\"Le<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Secondo uno dei dirigenti di WhiteSource, il concetto di copyleft \u00e8 emerso durante il conflitto con le corporazioni, per evitare l'uso del codice open source per fini egoistici senza un ritorno reciproco o limitando la ulteriore diffusione. La crescente popolarit\u00e0 delle licenze permissive \u00e8 dovuta al fatto che, nelle attuali circostanze, non c'\u00e8 pi\u00f9 una distinzione tra ci\u00f2 che \u00e8 'proprio' e 'straniero', in termini di conflitto tra corporazioni e comunit\u00e0 Open Source, e anche perch\u00e9 aumenta il coinvolgimento delle corporazioni nello sviluppo di software open source, che trovano pi\u00f9 comodo e sicuro utilizzare licenze permissive. <\/p>\n

In questo contesto, invece del conflitto tra corporazioni e comunit\u00e0, sta emergendo il conflitto tra fornitori di servizi cloud e startup che sviluppano progetti open source. Il malcontento per il fatto che i fornitori di servizi cloud creano prodotti commerciali derivati e rivendono framework open e DBMS sotto forma di servizi cloud, senza partecipare alla vita della comunit\u00e0 e senza contribuire allo sviluppo, porta a una transizione dei progetti verso licenze proprietarie o verso il modello Open Core<\/a><\/noindex>. Ad esempio, tali cambiamenti hanno recentemente interessato progetti ElasticSearch<\/a><\/noindex>, Redis<\/a><\/noindex>, MongoDB<\/a><\/noindex>, Timescale<\/a><\/noindex> e CockroachDB<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Ricordiamo che la differenza tra copyleft e licenze permissive sta nel fatto che le licenze copyleft richiedono necessariamente il mantenimento delle condizioni originali per le opere derivate (nel caso della GPL, \u00e8 richiesto di rilasciare sotto GPL il codice di tutte le opere derivate), mentre le licenze permissive offrono la possibilit\u00e0 di modificare le condizioni, consentendo anche di utilizzare il codice in progetti chiusi.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f WhiteSource \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0438 4 \u043c\u043b\u043d \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 130 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 200 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u043a \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0444\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0443\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0412 2012 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 59% \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0444\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a GPL, LGPL \u0438 AGPL, \u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0439, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a MIT, Apache \u0438 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