{"id":86200,"date":"2020-06-22T13:42:20","date_gmt":"2020-06-22T11:42:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/monitoring-i-logirovanie-vneshnih-servisov-v-klaster-kubernetes"},"modified":"2020-06-22T13:42:20","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T11:42:20","slug":"monitoring-i-logirovanie-vneshnih-servisov-v-klaster-kubernetes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/monitoring-i-logirovanie-vneshnih-servisov-v-klaster-kubernetes","title":{"rendered":"Monitoraggio e registrazione dei servizi esterni nel cluster Kubernetes","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Monitoraggio e registrazione dei servizi esterni nel cluster Kubernetes\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/d3de818853c6820311de51e79aec56a6.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nSalve a tutti.<\/p>\n<p>Non ho trovato online una guida generale su come eseguire il logging e raccogliere metriche da servizi esterni nei sistemi distribuiti in <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\">Kubernetes<\/a><\/noindex>. Pubblico la mia soluzione. Questo articolo presume che abbiate gi\u00e0 un <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/prometheus.io\/\">Prometheus<\/a><\/noindex> e altri servizi. Come esempio di fonte di dati, verr\u00e0 utilizzato un database <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\">PostgreSQL<\/a><\/noindex> in un container <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docker.com\">Docker<\/a><\/noindex>. In azienda utilizziamo un gestore di pacchetti <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/helm.sh\">Helm<\/a><\/noindex>, di seguito ci saranno esempi su di esso. Per l'intera soluzione stiamo preparando il nostro chart, che include chart annidati di tutti i servizi utilizzati.<br \/>\n <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h4>Log<\/h4>\n<p>\nMolte aziende utilizzano una stack tecnologico per la raccolta, visualizzazione e centralizzazione dei log <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.elastic.co\/\">Elasticsearch<\/a><\/noindex> + <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.elastic.co\/products\/logstash\">Logstash<\/a><\/noindex> + <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.elastic.co\/products\/kibana\">kibana<\/a><\/noindex>, abbreviato in ELK. Nel nostro caso non \u00e8 necessario indicizzare il contenuto e ho applicato una soluzione pi\u00f9 leggera <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/grafana.com\/oss\/loki\/\">Loki<\/a><\/noindex>. \u00c8 disponibile come pacchetto Helm, lo abbiamo aggiunto come subchart modificando i valori per l'ingress e il pv per il nostro sistema.<\/p>\n<p>                        <b class=\"spoiler_title\">values.yaml<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"xml\">ingress:\n  enabled: true\n  annotations:\n     kubernetes.io\/ingress.class: nginx\n  hosts:\n    - host: kube-loki.example.domain\n      paths: \n        - \/\n  tls: []\n\n....\n\npersistence:\n  type: pvc\n  enabled: true\n  accessModes:\n    - ReadWriteOnce\n  size: 100Gi\n  finalizers:\n    - kubernetes.io\/pvc-protection\n  existingClaim: \"pv-loki\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Per inviare i log all'istanza <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/grafana.com\/oss\/loki\/\">Loki<\/a><\/noindex> utilizziamo <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/grafana\/loki\/tree\/master\/cmd\/docker-driver\">Loki Docker Logging Driver<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c8 necessario installare questo complemento su tutti <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docker.com\">Docker<\/a><\/noindex> i server da cui desideri ricevere i log. Ci sono diversi modi per specificare al demone come utilizzare il complemento. Eseguo la scelta del driver nel file yaml <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.docker.com\/compose\/\">Docker Compose<\/a><\/noindex>, che fa parte di <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ansible.com\/\">Ansible<\/a><\/noindex> playbook.<\/p>\n<p>                        <b class=\"spoiler_title\">postgres.yaml<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"xml\">    - name: Esegui container\n      docker_compose:\n        project_name: main-postgres\n        definition:\n          version: '3.7'\n          services:\n            p:\n              image: \"{{ postgres_version }}\"\n              container_name: postgresql\n              restart: always\n              volumes:\n                - \"{{ postgres_dir }}\/data:\/var\/lib\/postgresql\/data\"\n                - \"{{ postgres_dir }}\/postgres_init_scripts:\/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d\"\n              environment:\n                POSTGRES_PASSWORD: {{ postgres_pass }}\n                POSTGRES_USER: {{ postgres_user }}\n              ports:\n                - \"{{ postgres_ip }}:{{ postgres_port }}:5432\"\n              logging:\n                driver: \"loki\"\n                options:\n                  loki-url: \"{{ loki_url }}\"\n                  loki-batch-size: \"{{ loki_batch_size }}\"\n                  loki-retries: \"{{ loki_retries }}\"\n...\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\ndove loki_url: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/kube-loki.example.domain\/loki\/api\/v1\/push\">kube-loki.example.domain\/loki\/api\/v1\/push<\/a><\/noindex> <\/p>\n<h4>Metriche<\/h4>\n<p>\n Metriche raccolte da PostgreSQL tramite <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/wrouesnel\/postgres_exporter\">postgres_exporter<\/a><\/noindex> per <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/prometheus.io\/\">Prometheus<\/a><\/noindex>. Continuazione del file sopra menzionato <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ansible.com\/\">Ansible<\/a><\/noindex> playbook.<\/p>\n<p>                        <b class=\"spoiler_title\">postgres.yaml<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"xml\">... \n            pexp:\n              image: \"wrouesnel\/postgres_exporter\"\n              container_name: pexporter\n              restart: unless-stopped\n              environment:\n                DATA_SOURCE_NAME: \"postgresql:\/\/{{ postgres_user }}:{{ postgres_pass }}@p:5432\/postgres?sslmode=disable\"\n              ports:\n                - \"{{ postgres_ip }}:{{ postgres_exporter_port }}:9187\"\n              logging:\n                driver: \"json-file\"\n                options:\n                  max-size: \"5m\"\n...\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Per una migliore chiarezza, specificheremo i nomi dei servizi esterni stateful tramite Endpoints.<\/p>\n<p>                        <b class=\"spoiler_title\">postgres-service.yaml<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"xml\">apiVersion: v1\nkind: Endpoints\nmetadata:\n  name: postgres-exporter\nsubsets:\n  - addresses:\n      - ip: {{ .Values.service.postgres.ip }}\n    ports:\n      - port: {{ .Values.service.postgres.port }}\n        protocol: TCP\n---\napiVersion: v1\nkind: Service\nmetadata:\n  name: postgres-exporter\n  labels:\n    chart:  \"{{ .Chart.Name }}-{{ .Chart.Version | replace \"+\" \"_\" }}\"\nspec:\n  ports:\n    - protocol: TCP\n      port: {{ .Values.service.postgres.port }}\n      targetPort: {{ .Values.service.postgres.port }}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>La configurazione di Prometheus per l'acquisizione dei dati da postgres_exporter avviene modificando i valori nel subchart.<\/p>\n<p>                        <b class=\"spoiler_title\">values.yaml<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"xml\">scrape_configs:\n...\n  - job_name: postgres-exporter\n    static_configs:\n      - targets: \n         - postgres-exporter.applicationnamespace.svc.cluster.local:9187\n        labels:\n          alias: postgres\n...\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Per visualizzare i dati acquisiti, installa il Dashboard appropriato in<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/grafana.com\">Grafana<\/a><\/noindex> e configura le sorgenti dati. Questo pu\u00f2 anche essere fatto tramite i valori nel subchart di Grafana.<\/p>\n<p>                        <b class=\"spoiler_title\">Come appare<\/b><br \/>\n                        <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Monitoraggio e registrazione dei servizi esterni nel cluster Kubernetes\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/01d9ced9bc50b730bf55f20f8de99daf.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\nSpero che questo breve articolo ti abbia aiutato a comprendere i concetti fondamentali alla base di questa soluzione e ti faccia risparmiare tempo nella configurazione del monitoraggio e della registrazione dei servizi esterni per Loki\/Prometheus nel cluster Kubernetes.<br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/505968\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c. 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Non ho trovato una guida generale sul logging e la raccolta di metriche da servizi esterni in sistemi distribuiti in Kubernetes. Pubblico la mia soluzione. Questo articolo presuppone che tu abbia gi\u00e0 un Prometheus funzionante e altri servizi. Come esempio di fonte di dati per un servizio stateful esterno, verr\u00e0 utilizzato un DBMS PostgreSQL in un contenitore Docker. 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