{"id":86238,"date":"2020-06-23T01:42:25","date_gmt":"2020-06-22T23:42:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-globalnoj-deczentralizovannoj-fajlovoj-sistemy-ipfs-0-6"},"modified":"2020-06-23T01:42:25","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T23:42:25","slug":"vypusk-globalnoj-deczentralizovannoj-fajlovoj-sistemy-ipfs-0-6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/news\/vypusk-globalnoj-deczentralizovannoj-fajlovoj-sistemy-ipfs-0-6","title":{"rendered":"Rilascio della versione 0.6 del sistema di file decentralizzato IPFS","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Pubblicato<\/a><\/noindex> rilascio di un file system decentralizzato IPFS 0.6<\/a><\/noindex> (InterPlanetary File System), che crea uno spazio di archiviazione dei file globale e versionato, distribuito come rete P2P formata dai sistemi dei partecipanti. IPFS combina idee precedentemente implementate in sistemi quali Git, BitTorrent, Kademlia, SFS e Web, e ricorda un unico \u00abseeder\u00bb di BitTorrent (peers coinvolti nella condivisione), che scambia oggetti Git. IPFS si distingue per l'indirizzamento basato sul contenuto piuttosto che sul luogo di archiviazione e sui nomi arbitrari. Il codice dell'implementazione di riferimento \u00e8 scritto in Go e distribuito<\/a><\/noindex> sotto le licenze Apache 2.0 e MIT.<\/p>\n

La nuova versione si distingue per l'inclusione predefinita di un trasporto basato su protocollo QUIC<\/a><\/noindex>, che \u00e8 un'estensione del protocollo UDP, supportando il multiplexing di pi\u00f9 connessioni e fornendo metodi di crittografia equivalenti a TLS\/SSL. In IPFS, il socket per ricevere connessioni UDP viene avviato automaticamente allo stesso indirizzo e porta di rete del gestore del trasporto basato su TCP. QUIC \u00e8 utilizzato sia per le connessioni in entrata che in uscita, con un fallback su TCP in caso di indisponibilit\u00e0 di QUIC durante la connessione a nuovi nodi.<\/p>\n

Una seconda importante novit\u00e0 \u00e8 stata il supporto per un trasporto sicuro NOISE<\/a><\/noindex>, basato su<\/a><\/noindex> sul protocollo Noise<\/a><\/noindex> e sviluppato nell'ambito di libp2p<\/a><\/noindex>, un stack di rete modulare per applicazioni P2P. Dopo l'accordo iniziale della connessione, tutto lo scambio di dati successivo tra i partecipanti viene crittografato e protetto da intercettazioni.
\nNOISE ha sostituito il trasporto SECIO<\/a><\/noindex>, ma TLS 1.3 continua a essere utilizzato come metodo prioritario per la crittografia delle connessioni tra nodi. NOISE \u00e8 sufficientemente semplice da implementare e si propone come un trasporto universale cross-platform che pu\u00f2 essere realizzato in vari linguaggi di programmazione.<\/p>\n

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\n«peering<\/a><\/noindex>«, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f «\u043b\u0438\u043f\u043a\u0438\u0445» \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n

Ricordiamo che in IPFS il link per accedere a un file \u00e8 direttamente legato al suo contenuto e include un hash crittografico del contenuto stesso. L'indirizzo di un file non pu\u00f2 essere rinominato arbitrariamente; pu\u00f2 cambiare solo dopo una modifica del contenuto. Allo stesso modo, non \u00e8 possibile modificare un file senza cambiare l'indirizzo (la versione precedente rimarr\u00e0 all'indirizzo originale, mentre la nuova sar\u00e0 accessibile tramite un altro indirizzo, poich\u00e9 l'hash del contenuto del file cambier\u00e0). Considerando che l'identificatore del file cambia ad ogni modifica, per evitare di dover trasmettere continuamente nuovi link, esistono servizi che forniscono indirizzi permanenti tenendo conto delle diverse versioni del file (IPNS<\/a><\/noindex>), o per associare un alias in modo simile ai tradizionali FS e DNS (MFS<\/a><\/noindex> (Mutable File System) e DNSLink<\/a><\/noindex>). <\/p>\n

Analogamente a BitTorrent, i dati vengono archiviati direttamente sui sistemi degli utenti che scambiano informazioni in modalit\u00e0 P2P, senza dipendere da nodi centralizzati. Quando \u00e8 necessario recuperare un file con contenuti specifici, il sistema individua gli utenti che possiedono quel file e lo trasferisce dalle loro macchine in diverse parti attraverso pi\u00f9 flussi. Una volta scaricato il file sul proprio sistema, l'utente diventa automaticamente uno dei punti per la sua distribuzione. Per identificare gli utenti della rete nei nodi in cui \u00e8 presente il contenuto desiderato, viene utilizzato<\/a><\/noindex> tabella hash distribuita (DHT<\/a><\/noindex>). Per accedere al file system globale, IPFS pu\u00f2 utilizzare il protocollo HTTP oppure montare un file system virtuale \/ipfs tramite il modulo FUSE. <\/p>\n

IPFS aiuta a risolvere problemi come l'affidabilit\u00e0 dello storage (se lo storage originale va offline, il file pu\u00f2 essere scaricato dai sistemi di altri utenti), la contro misura alla censura dei contenuti (per bloccare il contenuto, sarebbe necessario bloccate tutti i sistemi degli utenti che possiedono una copia dei dati) e l'organizzazione dell'accesso in assenza di una connessione diretta a Internet o in presenza di bassa qualit\u00e0 di connessione (i dati possono essere scaricati attraverso i partecipanti pi\u00f9 vicini nella rete locale). Oltre a memorizzare file e scambiare dati, IPFS pu\u00f2 essere utilizzato come base per creare nuovi servizi, ad esempio per organizzare il funzionamento di siti web non legati ai server, o per creare sistemi distribuiti. applicazioni<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

\"Rilascio<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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IPFS \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0430 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":86239,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-86238","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Rilascio del sistema di file decentralizzato globale IPFS 0.6 | ProHoster","description":"\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d 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