{"id":90687,"date":"2020-08-04T13:42:33","date_gmt":"2020-08-04T11:42:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/predlozhenie-po-blokirovke-drajverov-prosloek-predostavlyayushhih-dostup-k-gpl-vyzovam-yadra-linux"},"modified":"2020-08-04T13:42:33","modified_gmt":"2020-08-04T11:42:33","slug":"predlozhenie-po-blokirovke-drajverov-prosloek-predostavlyayushhih-dostup-k-gpl-vyzovam-yadra-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/news\/predlozhenie-po-blokirovke-drajverov-prosloek-predostavlyayushhih-dostup-k-gpl-vyzovam-yadra-linux","title":{"rendered":"Proposta di bloccare i driver intermedia, che forniscono accesso alle chiamate GPL del kernel Linux","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Christoph Hellwig, noto sviluppatore del kernel Linux, che in passato faceva parte del comitato tecnico esecutivo della Linux Foundation e ha agito come querelante in un'azione legale relativa alla GPL procedimento legale<\/a><\/noindex> contro VMware, ha proposto<\/a><\/noindex> per inasprire la protezione contro il binding dei driver proprietari con i componenti del kernel Linux, esportati solo per i moduli sotto licenza GPL. Per aggirare il divieto di esportazione dei simboli GPL, i produttori di driver proprietari utilizzano un modulo intermedio, il cui codice \u00e8 aperto e distribuito sotto licenza GPLv2, ma le cui funzioni si riducono alla traduzione dell'accesso del driver proprietario alle API del kernel, vietate per l'uso diretto da codice proprietario.<\/p>\n

Per bloccare tale manovra, Christoph Hellwig ha preparato<\/a><\/noindex> per il kernel Linux, patch che garantiscono l'ereditariet\u00e0 dei flag relativi all'esportazione dei simboli GPL. La proposta si basa sull'ereditariet\u00e0 del flag TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE in tutti i moduli che importano simboli da moduli con questo flag. Cos\u00ec, se un modulo wrapper GPL tenta di importare simboli da un modulo non GPL, il modulo GPL erediter\u00e0 l'etichetta TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE e non potr\u00e0 accedere ai componenti del kernel accessibili solo ai moduli sotto licenza GPL, anche se il modulo ha precedentemente importato simboli dalla categoria \u00abgplonly\u00bb. <\/p>\n

Durante la discussione \u00e8 stata avanzata anche l'ipotesi<\/a><\/noindex> proposta di blocco inverso \u2014 se un modulo importa simboli EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL, qualsiasi simbolo esportato da questo modulo non deve essere importato da moduli che non dichiarano esplicitamente la compatibilit\u00e0 con GPL. Cio\u00e8, se un modulo importa simboli EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL, tutti i suoi simboli esportati devono essere trattati come EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL. Christoph Helwig ha scritto<\/a><\/noindex>, ha dichiarato di essere completamente d'accordo con questa proposta, ma tale modifica non sar\u00e0 accettata da Linus Torvalds, poich\u00e9 porter\u00e0 all'inaccessibilit\u00e0 per i driver proprietari della maggior parte delle sottosistemi del kernel, a causa del fatto che durante lo sviluppo dei driver vengono coinvolti simboli di base esportati sotto GPL.<\/p>\n

La modifica \u00e8 stata proposta in risposta a pubblicazione<\/a><\/noindex> un ingegnere di Facebook che ha presentato una serie di patch contenenti l'implementazione di un nuovo sottosistema netgpu, che consente lo scambio diretto di dati (DMA
\nzero-copy) tra la scheda di rete e la GPU, consentendo di gestire il protocollo tramite la CPU. Il malcontento<\/a><\/noindex> degli sviluppatori \u00e8 stata disponibilit\u00e0<\/a><\/noindex> realizzazioni solo per driver proprietari NVIDIA tramite uno strato GPL fornito da questi driver. In risposta a critiche<\/a><\/noindex> autore delle patch ha indicato<\/a><\/noindex>, la sottosistema non \u00e8 legato a NVIDIA e il suo supporto pu\u00f2 essere garantito anche per le interfacce software per GPU AMD e Intel. Di conseguenza, la promozione di netgpu nel kernel \u00e8 stata giudicata impossibile fino all'arrivo di un supporto funzionante basato su driver liberi, come AMDGPU, Intel i915 o Nouveau. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0444 \u0425\u0435\u043b\u0432\u0438\u0433 (Christoph Hellwig), \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux, \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0451 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 Linux Foundation \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0446\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441 GPL \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441 VMware, 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