{"id":90687,"date":"2020-08-04T13:42:33","date_gmt":"2020-08-04T11:42:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/predlozhenie-po-blokirovke-drajverov-prosloek-predostavlyayushhih-dostup-k-gpl-vyzovam-yadra-linux"},"modified":"2020-08-04T13:42:33","modified_gmt":"2020-08-04T11:42:33","slug":"predlozhenie-po-blokirovke-drajverov-prosloek-predostavlyayushhih-dostup-k-gpl-vyzovam-yadra-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/news\/predlozhenie-po-blokirovke-drajverov-prosloek-predostavlyayushhih-dostup-k-gpl-vyzovam-yadra-linux","title":{"rendered":"Proposta di blocco dei driver intermedi che forniscono accesso alle chiamate GPL del kernel Linux","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Christoph Hellwig, noto sviluppatore del kernel Linux, che un tempo faceva parte del comitato tecnico dell'organizzazione Linux Foundation e ha agito come querelante in una causa relativa alla GPL <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50445\">procedimenti legali<\/a><\/noindex> contro VMware, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2020\/7\/30\/58\">ha proposto<\/a><\/noindex> per inasprire la protezione contro l'integrazione di driver proprietari con i componenti del kernel Linux, esportati solo per i moduli sotto licenza GPL. Per bypassare il limite sull'esportazione dei simboli GPL, i produttori di driver proprietari utilizzano un modulo intermedio, il cui codice \u00e8 aperto e distribuito sotto licenza GPLv2, ma le funzioni si riducono alla traduzione dell'accesso del driver proprietario alle API del kernel, vietato per l'uso diretto da codice proprietario.<\/p>\n<p>Per bloccare tale manovra, Christoph Hellwig  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2020\/7\/30\/61\">ha preparato<\/a><\/noindex> per il kernel Linux, patch che garantiscono l'eredit\u00e0 dei flag relativi all'esportazione dei simboli GPL. La proposta riguarda l'ereditariet\u00e0 del flag TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE in tutti i moduli che importano simboli da moduli con questo flag. In questo modo, se un modulo GPL intermedio tenta di importare simboli da un modulo non GPL, il modulo GPL erediter\u00e0 l'etichetta TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE e non potr\u00e0 accedere ai componenti del kernel disponibili solo per i moduli sotto licenza GPL, anche se il modulo in precedenza ha importato simboli dalla categoria 'gplonly'. <\/p>\n<p>Durante la discussione \u00e8 stato anche <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2020\/7\/31\/902\">espresso<\/a><\/noindex> proposta di blocco inverso \u2014 se un modulo importa simboli EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL, qualsiasi simbolo esportato da questo modulo non dovrebbe essere importato da moduli che non dichiarano esplicitamente la compatibilit\u00e0 con GPL. Cio\u00e8, se un modulo importa simboli EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL, tutti i suoi simboli esportati devono essere trattati come EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL. Christoph Hellwig <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2020\/8\/1\/35\">scritto<\/a><\/noindex>, che \u00e8 al 100% d'accordo con questa proposta, ma tale modifica non sar\u00e0 accettata da Linus Torvalds, poich\u00e9 porterebbe all'inaccessibilit\u00e0 della maggior parte delle sottocomponenti del kernel per i driver proprietari, dato che durante lo sviluppo dei driver vengono utilizzati simboli fondamentali esportati sotto GPL.<\/p>\n<p>La modifica \u00e8 stata proposta in risposta a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lore.kernel.org\/netdev\/6376CA34-BC6F-45DE-9FFD-7E32664C7569@fb.com\/T\/#m3e84063e82ba14b758873d6cdde6d342157c586c\">pubblicazione<\/a><\/noindex> un ingegnere di Facebook riguardo a una serie di patch che implementano una nuova sottosistema netgpu, permettendo uno scambio diretto di dati (DMA<br \/>\nzero-copy) tra la scheda di rete e la GPU, gestendo contemporaneamente l'elaborazione del protocollo da parte della CPU. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lore.kernel.org\/netdev\/6376CA34-BC6F-45DE-9FFD-7E32664C7569@fb.com\/T\/#m556b6b762195afbbaf2782ba9be96ef9cf5e2e5c\">Il malcontento<\/a><\/noindex> degli sviluppatori \u00e8 stato provocato da <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lore.kernel.org\/netdev\/6376CA34-BC6F-45DE-9FFD-7E32664C7569@fb.com\/T\/#md514322fdfa212afe9f1d3eb4e5f7eaefece36eb\">disponibilit\u00e0<\/a><\/noindex> un'implementazione esclusivamente per i driver proprietari NVIDIA attraverso il layer GPL fornito da questi driver. In risposta a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lore.kernel.org\/netdev\/6376CA34-BC6F-45DE-9FFD-7E32664C7569@fb.com\/T\/#m3a5cab5ac3b0d386718bf62bd27b51510675dce0\">critiche<\/a><\/noindex> l'autore delle patch <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lore.kernel.org\/netdev\/6376CA34-BC6F-45DE-9FFD-7E32664C7569@fb.com\/T\/#m758386d335ee7b4e332c44675ff68be29c79ec88\">ha indicato<\/a><\/noindex>, ha affermato che la sottosistema non \u00e8 legata a NVIDIA e il suo supporto pu\u00f2 essere garantito anche per le interfacce software per le GPU AMD e Intel. Di conseguenza, la promozione di netgpu nel kernel \u00e8 stata riconosciuta come impossibile fino a quando non sar\u00e0 disponibile un supporto funzionante basato su driver liberi, come AMDGPU, Intel i915 o Nouveau. <\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Fonte: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53485\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0444 \u0425\u0435\u043b\u0432\u0438\u0433 (Christoph Hellwig), \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux, \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0451 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 Linux Foundation \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0446\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441 GPL \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441 VMware, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0443\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux, \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 GPL. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 GPL-\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-90687","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0444 \u0425\u0435\u043b\u0432\u0438\u0433 (Christoph Hellwig), \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux, \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0451 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 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