{"id":91646,"date":"2020-08-16T07:42:09","date_gmt":"2020-08-16T05:42:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-trablshutit-otechestvennyj-ipsec-vpn-chast-1"},"modified":"2020-08-16T07:42:09","modified_gmt":"2020-08-16T05:42:09","slug":"kak-trablshutit-otechestvennyj-ipsec-vpn-chast-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-trablshutit-otechestvennyj-ipsec-vpn-chast-1","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0448\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 IPsec VPN. \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c 1","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u041a\u0430\u043a
\n<\/p>\n

Situazione<\/h3>\n

\n\u0412\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439. \u041f\u044c\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0444\u0435. \u0421\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043b VPN \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0437. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044e: \u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0442. \u041d\u0430 \u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n

\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044e \u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0448\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0421-\u0422\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0430 \u0428\u043b\u044e\u0437. \u0414\u0435\u043b\u044e\u0441\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435\u0439.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Dati di origine<\/h3>\n

\n\u0414\u0432\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b GRE \u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c. GRE \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c:<\/p>\n

\"\u041a\u0430\u043a
\n
\n\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c GRE \u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044f. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e ping \u0441 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 R1 \u0434\u043e GRE \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 R2. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442:<\/p>\n

root@R1:~# ping 1.1.1.2 -c 4\nPING 1.1.1.2 (1.1.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data.\n\n--- 1.1.1.2 ping statistics ---\n4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3057ms<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u0421\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044e \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u043d\u0430 Gate1 \u0438 Gate2. \u041b\u043e\u0433 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e IPsec \u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f, \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c:<\/p>\n
root@Gate1:~# cat \/var\/log\/cspvpngate.log\nAug  5 16:14:23 localhost  vpnsvc: 00100119 <4:1> IPSec connection 5 established, traffic selector 172.17.0.1->172.16.0.1, proto 47, peer 10.10.10.251, id "10.10.10.251", Filter \nIPsec:Protect:CMAP:1:LIST, IPsecAction IPsecAction:CMAP:1, IKERule IKERule:CMAP:1<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 IPsec \u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430 Gate1 \u0432\u0438\u0436\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u043e \u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a R\u0441vd \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u043d:<\/p>\n
root@Gate1:~# sa_mgr show\nISAKMP sessions: 0 initiated, 0 responded\n\nISAKMP connections:\nNum Conn-id (Local Addr,Port)-(Remote Addr,Port) State Sent Rcvd\n1 3 (10.10.10.251,500)-(10.10.10.252,500) active 1070 1014\n\nIPsec connections:\nNum Conn-id (Local Addr,Port)-(Remote Addr,Port) Protocol Action Type Sent Rcvd\n1 3 (172.16.0.1,*)-(172.17.0.1,*) 47 ESP tunn 480 0<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u042f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0448\u0443\u0447\u0443 \u0421-\u0422\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043a: \u0438\u0449\u0443, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 R1 \u0434\u043e R2. \u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 (\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0439\u043b\u0435\u0440) \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n
\u0422\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0448\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433<\/h3>\n
\n\u0428\u0430\u0433 1. \u0427\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 Gate1 \u043e\u0442 R1<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0444\u0435\u0440 \u2013 tcpdump. \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0444\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043c (Gi0\/1 \u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 Cisco-like \u0438\u043b\u0438 eth1 \u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u041e\u0421 Debian) \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435:<\/p>\n
root@Gate1:~# tcpdump -i eth1\n\ntcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode\nlistening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes\n14:53:38.879525 IP 172.16.0.1 > 172.17.0.1: GREv0, key=0x1, length 92: IP 1.1.1.1 > 1.1.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 2083, seq 1, length 64\n14:53:39.896869 IP 172.16.0.1 > 172.17.0.1: GREv0, key=0x1, length 92: IP 1.1.1.1 > 1.1.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 2083, seq 2, length 64\n14:53:40.921121 IP 172.16.0.1 > 172.17.0.1: GREv0, key=0x1, length 92: IP 1.1.1.1 > 1.1.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 2083, seq 3, length 64\n14:53:41.944958 IP 172.16.0.1 > 172.17.0.1: GREv0, key=0x1, length 92: IP 1.1.1.1 > 1.1.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 2083, seq 4, length 64<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u0412\u0438\u0436\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e Gate1 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442 R1 GRE \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b. \u0414\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435.<\/p>\n
\u0428\u0430\u0433 2. \u0427\u0442\u043e Gate1 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 GRE \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0423\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 klogview \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0441 GRE \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 VPN<\/a> \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0421-\u0422\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0430:<\/p>\n
root@Gate1:~# klogview -f 0xffffffff\n\nfiltration result for out packet 172.16.0.1->172.17.0.1, proto 47, len 112, if eth0: chain 4 "IPsecPolicy:CMAP", filter 8, event id IPsec:Protect:CMAP:1:LIST, status PASS\nencapsulating with SA 31: 172.16.0.1->172.17.0.1, proto 47, len 112, if eth0\npassed out packet 10.10.10.251->10.10.10.252, proto 50, len 160, if eth0: encapsulated\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u0412\u0438\u0436\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 GRE \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a (proto 47) 172.16.0.1 -> 172.17.0.1 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043b (PASS) \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f LIST \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435 CMAP \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f (encapsulated). \u0414\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f (passed out). \u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435 klogview \u043d\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n
\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044e \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 Gate1. \u0412\u0438\u0436\u0443 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 LIST, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u041c\u042d \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043e:<\/p>\n
Gate1#show access-lists\nExtended IP access list LIST\n    10 permit gre host 172.16.0.1 host 172.17.0.1<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434: \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 Gate1.<\/p>\n
\u0414\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e klogview<\/b><\/p>\n
VPN \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a, \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u0412\u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b \u0432 klogview, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 VPN \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435:<\/p>\n
root@R1:~# ping 172.17.0.1 -c 4<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/p>\n
root@Gate1:~# klogview -f 0xffffffff\n\nfiltration result for out packet 172.16.0.1->172.17.0.1, proto 1, len 84, if eth0: chain 4 "IPsecPolicy:CMAP": no match\npassed out packet 172.16.0.1->172.17.0.1, proto 1, len 84, if eth0: filtered<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u0412\u0438\u0436\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e ICMP \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a (proto 1) 172.16.0.1->172.17.0.1 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043b (no match) \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b CMAP. \u041f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f (passed out) \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435.<\/p>\n
\u0428\u0430\u0433 3. \u0427\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 Gate2 \u043e\u0442 Gate1<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0444\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 WAN (eth0) \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435 Gate2:<\/p>\n
root@Gate2:~# tcpdump -i eth0\ntcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode\nlistening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes\n16:05:45.104195 IP 10.10.10.251 > 10.10.10.252: ESP(spi=0x30088112,seq=0x1), length 140\n16:05:46.093918 IP 10.10.10.251 > 10.10.10.252: ESP(spi=0x30088112,seq=0x2), length 140\n16:05:47.117078 IP 10.10.10.251 > 10.10.10.252: ESP(spi=0x30088112,seq=0x3), length 140\n16:05:48.141785 IP 10.10.10.251 > 10.10.10.252: ESP(spi=0x30088112,seq=0x4), length 140<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u0412\u0438\u0436\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e Gate2 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 ESP \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0442 Gate1.<\/p>\n
\u0428\u0430\u0433 4. \u0427\u0442\u043e Gate2 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 ESP \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0443 klogview \u043d\u0430 Gate2:<\/p>\n
root@Gate2:~# klogview -f 0xffffffff\nfiltration result for in packet 10.10.10.251->10.10.10.252, proto 50, len 160, if eth0: chain 17 "FilterChain:L3VPN", filter 21, status DROP\ndropped in packet 10.10.10.251->10.10.10.252, proto 50, len 160, if eth0: firewall\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u0412\u0438\u0436\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e ESP \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b (proto 50) \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b (DROP), \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c (L3VPN) \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 (firewall). \u0423\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a Gi0\/0 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 L3VPN:<\/p>\n
Gate2#show ip interface gi0\/0\nGigabitEthernet0\/0 is up, line protocol is up\n  Internet address is 10.10.10.252\/24\n  MTU is 1500 bytes\n  Outgoing access list is not set\n  Inbound  access list is L3VPN<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043b.<\/p>\n
\u0428\u0430\u0433 5. \u0427\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430
\n<\/b>
\n\u0421\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 L3VPN:<\/p>\n
Gate2#show access-list L3VPN\nExtended IP access list L3VPN\n    10 permit udp host 10.10.10.251 any eq isakmp\n    20 permit udp host 10.10.10.251 any eq non500-isakmp\n    30 permit icmp host 10.10.10.251 any<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u0412\u0438\u0436\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u044b ISAKMP \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f IPsec \u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c. \u0410 \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f ESP \u043d\u0435\u0442. \u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e, \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043b icmp \u0438 esp.<\/p>\n
\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044e \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430:<\/p>\n
Gate2(config)#\nip access-list extended L3VPN\nno 30\n30 permit esp host 10.10.10.251 any<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u0428\u0430\u0433 6. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/b><\/p>\n
\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 L3VPN \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439:<\/p>\n
Gate2#show access-list L3VPN\nExtended IP access list L3VPN\n    10 permit udp host 10.10.10.251 any eq isakmp\n    20 permit udp host 10.10.10.251 any eq non500-isakmp\n    30 permit esp host 10.10.10.251 any<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0441 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 R1 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a:<\/p>\n
root@R1:~# ping 1.1.1.2 -c 4\nPING 1.1.1.2 (1.1.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data.\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=35.3 ms\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=3.01 ms\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=2.65 ms\n64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=2.87 ms\n\n--- 1.1.1.2 ping statistics ---\n4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3006ms\nrtt min\/avg\/max\/mdev = 2.650\/10.970\/35.338\/14.069 ms<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u041f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0430. GRE \u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f. \u0421\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 IPsec \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439:<\/p>\n
root@Gate1:~# sa_mgr show\nISAKMP sessions: 0 initiated, 0 responded\n\nISAKMP connections:\nNum Conn-id (Local Addr,Port)-(Remote Addr,Port) State Sent Rcvd\n1 3 (10.10.10.251,500)-(10.10.10.252,500) active 1474 1350\n\nIPsec connections:\nNum Conn-id (Local Addr,Port)-(Remote Addr,Port) Protocol Action Type Sent Rcvd\n1 4 (172.16.0.1,*)-(172.17.0.1,*) 47 ESP tunn 1920 480<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u041d\u0430 \u0448\u043b\u044e\u0437\u0435 Gate2 \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435 klogview \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a 172.16.0.1->172.17.0.1 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e (PASS) \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d (decapsulated) \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c LIST \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435 CMAP:<\/p>\n
root@Gate2:~# klogview -f 0xffffffff\nfiltration result for in packet 172.16.0.1->172.17.0.1, proto 47, len 112, if eth0: chain 18 "IPsecPolicy:CMAP", filter 25, event id IPsec:Protect:CMAP:1:LIST, status PASS\npassed in packet 172.16.0.1->172.17.0.1, proto 47, len 112, if eth0: decapsulated<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nRisultati<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0421\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043b \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439. 
\n\u0410\u043a\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u041c\u042d.<\/p>\n
Ingegnere anonimo
\nt.me\/anonimous_engineer<\/i>
\n
Fonte: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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GRE \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c: \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c GRE […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":91647,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-91646","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0448\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 IPsec VPN. \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c 1 | ProHoster","description":"\u0421\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0412\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439. \u041f\u044c\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0444\u0435. \u0421\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043b VPN \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0437. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u044e: \u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0442. \u041d\u0430 \u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044e \u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0448\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0421-\u0422\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0430 \u0428\u043b\u044e\u0437. \u0414\u0435\u043b\u044e\u0441\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435\u0439. \u0418\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0414\u0432\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b GRE \u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c. 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