{"id":99198,"date":"2021-02-19T10:22:43","date_gmt":"2021-02-19T08:22:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/v-dns-server-bind-dobavlena-eksperimentalnaya-podderzhka-dns-over-https"},"modified":"2021-02-19T10:22:43","modified_gmt":"2021-02-19T08:22:43","slug":"v-dns-server-bind-dobavlena-eksperimentalnaya-podderzhka-dns-over-https","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/news\/v-dns-server-bind-dobavlena-eksperimentalnaya-podderzhka-dns-over-https","title":{"rendered":"\u00c8 stata aggiunta al server DNS BIND il supporto sperimentale per il DNS-over-HTTPS","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 DNS-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 BIND \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 9.17 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 «DNS \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 HTTPS» (DoH, DNS over HTTPS) \u0438 DNS \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 TLS (DoT, DNS over TLS), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 XFR-over-TLS \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e DNS-\u0437\u043e\u043d \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438. DoH \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 9.17.10, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 DoT \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 9.17.7. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 DoT \u0438 DoH \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044d\u043a\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 9.16. <\/p>\n

L'implementazione del protocollo HTTP\/2, utilizzato in DoH, si basa sull'uso della libreria nghttp2, che \u00e8 inclusa tra le dipendenze di build (in futuro, la libreria \u00e8 prevista per essere spostata tra le dipendenze opzionali). Sono supportate connessioni sia crittografate (TLS) che non crittografate tramite HTTP\/2. Con le impostazioni appropriate, un processo named ora pu\u00f2 gestire non solo le tradizionali richieste DNS, ma anche le richieste inviate utilizzando DoH (DNS-over-HTTPS) e DoT (DNS-over-TLS). Il supporto HTTPS lato client (dig) non \u00e8 ancora implementato. Il supporto per XFR-over-TLS \u00e8 disponibile sia per richieste in entrata che in uscita. <\/p>\n

\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c DoH \u0438 DoT \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0439 http \u0438 tls \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435 listen-on. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e DNS-over-HTTP \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c «tls none». \u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 «tls». \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b 853 \u0434\u043b\u044f DoT, 443 \u0434\u043b\u044f DoH \u0438 80 \u0434\u043b\u044f DNS-over-HTTP \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b tls-port, https-port \u0438 http-port. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: tls local-tls { key-file «\/path\/to\/priv_key.pem»; cert-file «\/path\/to\/cert_chain.pem»; }; http local-http-server { endpoints { «\/dns-query»; }; }; options { https-port 443; listen-on port 443 tls local-tls http myserver {any;}; } <\/p>\n

Tra le caratteristiche dell'implementazione di DoH in BIND si segnala l'integrazione come trasporto comune, che pu\u00f2 essere utilizzato non solo per gestire le richieste dei clienti verso il resolutore, ma anche durante lo scambio di dati tra server, durante la trasmissione delle zone da un server DNS autorevole e nella gestione di qualsiasi richiesta supportata da altri trasporti DNS. <\/p>\n

Un'altra funzionalit\u00e0 \u00e8 la possibilit\u00e0 di spostare le operazioni di crittografia TLS su un altro server, che pu\u00f2 essere necessaria in situazioni in cui la memorizzazione dei certificati TLS avviene su un altro sistema (ad esempio, in un'infrastruttura con server web) e gestita da altro personale. Il supporto per DNS-over-HTTP non crittografato \u00e8 stato implementato per semplificare il debug e come livello per il passaggio nella rete interna, sulla base del quale su un altro server pu\u00f2 essere organizzata la crittografia. Su un server esterno, nginx pu\u00f2 essere utilizzato per generare il traffico TLS, analogamente a come viene organizzato il wrapper HTTPS per i siti web. <\/p>\n

Ricordiamo che il DNS-over-HTTPS pu\u00f2 essere utile per escludere la fuga di informazioni sui nomi host richiesti tramite i server DNS dei fornitori, combattere gli attacchi MITM e la sostituzione del traffico DNS (ad esempio, quando ci si connette a Wi-Fi pubblici), contrastare i blocchi a livello DNS (il DNS-over-HTTPS non pu\u00f2 sostituire VPN<\/a> nell'area di elusione dei blocchi implementati a livello DPI) o per organizzare il lavoro nel caso in cui non sia possibile un accesso diretto ai server DNS (ad esempio, quando si lavora tramite proxy). In una situazione normale, le richieste DNS vengono inviate direttamente ai server DNS definiti nella configurazione del sistema, mentre nel caso di DNS-over-HTTPS una richiesta per determinare Indirizzi IP<\/a> l'host \u00e8 incapsulata nel traffico HTTPS e inviata a un server HTTP, dove il resolver gestisce le richieste tramite Web API. <\/p>\n

\u00abDNS over TLS\u00bb si differenzia da \u00abDNS over HTTPS\u00bb per l'uso del protocollo DNS standard (normalmente utilizza la porta di rete 853), incapsulato in un canale di comunicazione crittografato, organizzato tramite il protocollo TLS con verifica della validit\u00e0 dell'host tramite certificati TLS\/SSL emessi da un'autorit\u00e0 di certificazione. Lo standard attuale DNSSEC utilizza la crittografia solo per l'autenticazione del client e del server, ma non protegge il traffico dall'intercettazione e non garantisce la riservatezza delle richieste.
\n
Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 DNS-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 BIND \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 9.17 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 «DNS \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 HTTPS» (DoH, DNS over HTTPS) \u0438 DNS \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 TLS (DoT, DNS over TLS), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 XFR-over-TLS \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e DNS-\u0437\u043e\u043d \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438. DoH \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 9.17.10, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 DoT \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 9.17.7. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-99198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Aggiunto supporto sperimentale per DNS-over-HTTPS al server DNS BIND | ProHoster","description":"Gli sviluppatori del server DNS BIND hanno annunciato l'aggiunta al ramo sperimentale 9.17 del supporto lato server per le tecnologie 'DNS over HTTPS' (DoH, DNS su HTTPS) e DNS over TLS (DoT, DNS su 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