{"id":99974,"date":"2021-04-20T16:22:51","date_gmt":"2021-04-20T14:22:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/soprotivlenie-vnedreniyu-api-floc-prodvigaemogo-google-vmesto-otslezhivayushhih-cookie"},"modified":"2026-02-14T18:35:58","modified_gmt":"2026-02-14T16:35:58","slug":"soprotivlenie-vnedreniyu-api-floc-prodvigaemogo-google-vmesto-otslezhivayushhih-cookie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/soprotivlenie-vnedreniyu-api-floc-prodvigaemogo-google-vmesto-otslezhivayushhih-cookie","title":{"rendered":"Resistenza all'implementazione dell'API FLoC promossa da Google invece dei cookie di tracciamento","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>L'implementazione sperimentale della tecnologia FLoC, avviata in Chrome 89 e sviluppata da Google come sostituto dei cookie di tracciamento, ha incontrato resistenza da parte della comunit\u00e0. Dopo l'implementazione di FLoC, Google prevede di interrompere completamente il supporto ai cookie di terze parti in Chrome\/Chromium quando si accede a siti al di fuori del dominio della pagina attuale. Attualmente, \u00e8 gi\u00e0 in corso una sperimentazione selettiva di FLoC su una piccola percentuale di utenti di Chrome 90 e il supporto per FLoC \u00e8 incluso nel codice di base di Chromium.       <\/p>\n<p>Secondo i critici dell'implementazione di FLoC, questa tecnologia non rappresenta una completa rinuncia al tracciamento degli utenti, ma sostituisce un tipo di targeting con un altro, creando nuovi problemi mentre si cercano di risolverne altri. Ad esempio, FLoC crea condizioni per la discriminazione degli utenti in base alle loro preferenze e opinioni.                     <\/p>\n<p>Reazione di alcuni progetti all'integrazione di FLoC nel codice di base di Chromium:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Uno dei principali sviluppatori <a href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/hosting\/hosting-wordpress\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3264\">del sistema di gestione dei contenuti WordPress<\/a>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 40% \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0430 CMS, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c FLoC \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0443 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f FLoC \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u041e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u043e\u0442 FLoC \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 HTTP-\u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 &#171;Permissions-Policy: interest-cohort=()&#187;. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442 FLoC \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440\u0430\u0445 WordPress \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f WordPress, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0451\u043d FLoC. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0445, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c FLoC \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 &#171;Permissions-Policy: interest-cohort=()&#187;.  \u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442 FLoC \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 WordPress 5.8, \u043d\u043e \u043e\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044c \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e FLoC, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f FLoC \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.    <\/p>\n<p>Nei commenti, non tutti erano d'accordo sulla necessit\u00e0 di un tale aggiornamento, sostenendo che non si dovrebbero mescolare i problemi di sicurezza con la preoccupazione per la privacy. Gli abusi delle modifiche proposte negli aggiornamenti automatici potrebbero portare a una perdita di fiducia in tali aggiornamenti.        <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 Vivaldi \u0438  Brave Browser \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0443 FLoC \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 Vivaldi \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0438 FLoC &#8212; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0451 \u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c Google, \u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.\n<li class=\"l\"> L'organizzazione per i diritti civili EFF (Electronic Frontier Foundation) ha lanciato il sito amifloced.org, che consente di determinare se FLoC \u00e8 abilitato nel browser, dando all'utente la possibilit\u00e0 di capire se partecipa all'esperimento di Google.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u041f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430  DuckDuckGo \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 FLoC  \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0432 Chrome-\u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 DuckDuckGo Privacy Essentials \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 FLoC, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 FLoC \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 duckduckgo.com (DuckDuckGo Search) \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 HTTP-\u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 &#171;Permissions-Policy: interest-cohort=()&#187;.\n<li class=\"l\"> Microsoft non ha ancora attivato FLoC nel browser Edge, mantenendo una posizione di attesa e cercando di sviluppare la propria tecnologia per il monitoraggio delle preferenze chiamata PARAKEET (Private and Anonymized Requests for Ads that Keep Efficacy and Enhance Transparency). L'essenza di PARAKEET \u00e8 quella di utilizzare un proxy,<a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/server\/dts-los-angeles\/\"   title=\"server\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3704\">server<\/a>, che si trova tra l'utente e la rete pubblicitaria. All'utente viene assegnato un identificatore unico, ma solo il proxy riceve informazioni su di lui, trasmettendo alla rete pubblicitaria solo un insieme limitato di informazioni anonimizzate.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mozilla e Opera non prevedono di aggiungere l'implementazione di FLoC nei loro prodotti. Apple, al momento, non ha preso una decisione definitiva riguardo all'implementazione di FLoC in Safari.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nel blocco pubblicitario uBlock \u00e8 stata implementata, di default, la disabilitazione delle richieste FLoC. Una simile funzionalit\u00e0 di blocco di FLoC \u00e8 stata aggiunta anche nelle estensioni Adguard e Adblock Plus.        <\/ul>\n<p>\u041d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e API FLoC (Federated Learning of Cohorts) \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043a \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432. FLoC \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 &#171;\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0442&#187;, \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432. \u041a\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c  \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0435. \u0414\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f.      <\/p>\n<p>I principali rischi associati all'implementazione di FLoC:  <\/p>\n<ul>  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Discriminazione basata sulle preferenze degli utenti. Ad esempio, le offerte di lavoro e i prestiti possono variare in base all'appartenenza etnica, alla religione, al genere e all'et\u00e0. Gli utenti che hanno difficolt\u00e0 economiche possono essere costretti ad accettare prestiti a tassi di interesse elevati, e l'identificazione di dati demografici e preferenze politiche pu\u00f2 essere utilizzata per aumentare l'efficacia della disinformazione. Con l'uso di FLoC, le informazioni sul comportamento seguiranno l'utente da un sito all'altro e i dati sulle attivit\u00e0 passate possono essere utilizzati per manipolare l'utente all'apertura dei siti.     <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Non \u00e8 escluso il reverse engineering della cronologia di navigazione basato sui dati di coorte. L'analisi dell'algoritmo di assegnazione delle coorti pu\u00f2 fornire indicazioni su quali siti l'utente potrebbe aver visitato. Inoltre, sulle basi delle coorti si possono trarre conclusioni circa l'et\u00e0, la condizione sociale, l'orientamento di genere, le preferenze politiche, le difficolt\u00e0 finanziarie o le sventure vissute.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u041f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f (&#171;browser fingerprinting&#187;). \u041d\u0435\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b FLoC \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043e\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a  \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 MIME-\u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445  (HTTP\/2 \u0438 HTTPS), \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0448\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0442\u044b, \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 Web API, \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 WebGL \u0438 Canvas, \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441 CSS,  \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u043c\u044b\u0448\u044c\u044e \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Fornire ulteriori dati personali ai tracker che gi\u00e0 identificano gli utenti. Ad esempio, se un utente \u00e8 identificato e ha effettuato l'accesso al proprio account, il servizio pu\u00f2 abbinare esplicitamente le informazioni sulle preferenze indicate nel gruppo a un utente specifico e, al cambiamento dei gruppi, monitorare la trasformazione delle preferenze.             <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Inoltre, si segnala che parallelamente i rappresentanti dell'industria pubblicitaria stanno sviluppando altri metodi alternativi di identificazione che potranno essere utilizzati per il monitoraggio degli utenti nel caso in cui i cookie di terze parti vengano bloccati in Chrome. Ad esempio, l'azienda The Trade Desk ha proposto la tecnologia UID2 (Identificatore Unificato), che implementa un meccanismo di identificazione degli utenti che lavora in cooperazione con i proprietari dei siti web. L'identificatore UID2 viene generato sulla base delle informazioni fornite dall'utente durante la registrazione al sito, come email, numero di telefono o dati del profilo social. Sulla base della crittografia del contenuto di UID2, un coordinatore dell'infrastruttura crea un token che il proprietario del sito pu\u00f2 trasferire alle reti pubblicitarie. Le reti pubblicitarie autorizzate possono ottenere le chiavi per decifrare il token e ottenere l'UID2 originale, che pu\u00f2 essere utilizzato per costruire un profilo utente complessivo, aggregando informazioni provenienti da diverse fonti.<br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=54951\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432 Chrome 89 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 FLoC, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 Google \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0442\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f Cookie, \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043d\u0443\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f FLoC \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Google \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432 Chrome\/Chromium \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0445 Cookie, \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438 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