Prometheus: ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ HTTP ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ืฆื•ืืŸ Blackbox

ืฉืœื•ื ืœื›ื•ืœื. ื‘ืžืื™ ืžืฉื™ืงื” OTUS ืกื“ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื•ืจื™ืฉื•ื, ื”ืŸ ืชืฉืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช Zabbix, Prometheus, Grafana ื•-ELK. ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”, ืื ื• ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ ื—ื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื.

ื™ืฆื•ืืŸ ื‘ืœืงื‘ื•ืงืก ืขื‘ื•ืจ Prometheus ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืš ืœื™ื™ืฉื ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช HTTP, HTTPS, DNS, TCP, ICMP. ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื–ื”, ืื ื™ ืืจืื” ืœืš ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ HTTP/HTTPS ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช Blackbox Exporter. ื ืฉื™ืง ืืช ื™ืฆื•ืืŸ Blackbox ื‘-Kubernetes.

ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”

ื ืฆื˜ืจืš ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:

  • ืงื•ื‘ืจื ื˜
  • ืžืคืขื™ืœ ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก

ืชืฆื•ืจืช ืชื™ื‘ืช ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืœื™ืฆื•ืืŸ

ื”ื’ื“ืจืช Blackbox ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ConfigMap ืœื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช http ืžื•ื“ื•ืœ ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜.

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
data:
  blackbox.yaml: |
    modules:
      http_2xx:
        http:
          no_follow_redirects: false
          preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
          valid_http_versions:
          - HTTP/1.1
          - HTTP/2
          valid_status_codes: []
        prober: http
        timeout: 5s

ะœะพะดัƒะปัŒ http_2xx ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืฉืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืžื—ื–ื™ืจ ืงื•ื“ ืกื˜ื˜ื•ืก HTTP 2xx. ืชืฆื•ืจืช ื™ืฆื•ืืŸ Blackbox ืžืชื•ืืจืช ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ ืชื™ืขื•ื“.

ืคืจื™ืกืช ื™ืฆื•ืืŸ Blackbox ืœืืฉื›ื•ืœ Kubernetes

ืœึฐืชึทืึตืจ Deployment ะธ Service ืœืคืจื™ืกื” ื‘- Kubernetes.

---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 9115
      protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter

---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
    spec:
      restartPolicy: Always
      containers:
        - name: blackbox-exporter
          image: "prom/blackbox-exporter:v0.15.1"
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          securityContext:
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsNonRoot: true
            runAsUser: 1000
          args:
            - "--config.file=/config/blackbox.yaml"
          resources:
            {}
          ports:
            - containerPort: 9115
              name: http
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /health
              port: http
          readinessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /health
              port: http
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /config
              name: config
        - name: configmap-reload
          image: "jimmidyson/configmap-reload:v0.2.2"
          imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
          securityContext:
            runAsNonRoot: true
            runAsUser: 65534
          args:
            - --volume-dir=/etc/config
            - --webhook-url=http://localhost:9115/-/reload
          resources:
            {}
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /etc/config
              name: config
              readOnly: true
      volumes:
        - name: config
          configMap:
            name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter

ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคืจื•ืก ืืช Blackbox Exporter ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื‘ืื”. ืžืจื—ื‘ ืฉืžื•ืช monitoring ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœ-Prometheus Operator.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f blackbox-exporter.yaml

ื•ื“ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื‘ืื”:

kubectl --namespace=monitoring get all --selector=app=prometheus-blackbox-exporter

ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช Blackbox

ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื’ืฉืช ืœืžืžืฉืง ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉืœ Blackbox Exporter ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช port-forward:

kubectl --namespace=monitoring port-forward svc/prometheus-blackbox-exporter 9115:9115

ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœืžืžืฉืง ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉืœ Blackbox Exporter ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื“ืคื“ืคืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช localhost: 9115.

Prometheus: ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ HTTP ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ืฆื•ืืŸ Blackbox

ืื ืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ืช http://localhost:9115/probe?module=http_2xx&target=https://www.google.com, ืชืจืื” ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื”ืืชืจ ืฉืฆื•ื™ื ื” (https://www.google.com).

Prometheus: ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ HTTP ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ืฆื•ืืŸ Blackbox

ืขืจืš ืžื˜ืจื™ probe_success ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœ-1 ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช. ืขืจืš 0 ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื’ื™ืื”.

ื”ืงืžืช ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก

ืœืื—ืจ ืคืจื™ืกืช ื™ืฆื•ืืŸ BlackBox, ืื ื• ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื™ื ืืช Prometheus ื‘ prometheus-additional.yaml.

- job_name: 'kube-api-blackbox'
  scrape_interval: 1w
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [http_2xx]
  static_configs:
   - targets:
      - https://www.google.com
      - http://www.example.com
      - https://prometheus.io
  relabel_configs:
   - source_labels: [__address__]
     target_label: __param_target
   - source_labels: [__param_target]
     target_label: instance
   - target_label: __address__
     replacement: prometheus-blackbox-exporter:9115 # The blackbox exporter.

ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื Secretื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื‘ืื”.

PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG=$(cat prometheus-additional.yaml | base64)
cat << EOF | kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: additional-scrape-configs
type: Opaque
data:
  prometheus-additional.yaml: $PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG
EOF

ืื ื• ืžืฆื™ื™ื ื™ื additional-scrape-configs ืขื‘ื•ืจ Prometheus Operator ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช additionalScrapeConfigs.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheuses k8s
...
spec:
  additionalScrapeConfigs:
    key: prometheus-additional.yaml
    name: additional-scrape-configs

ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืžืžืฉืง ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก ื•ื‘ื•ื“ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring port-forward svc/prometheus-k8s 9090:9090

Prometheus: ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ HTTP ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ืฆื•ืืŸ Blackbox

Prometheus: ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ HTTP ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ืฆื•ืืŸ Blackbox

ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืฉืœ Blackbox.

ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื›ืœืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช (ื”ืชืจืื”)

ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืžื™ืฆื•ืืŸ Blackbox, ื ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ืœืœื™ื ืœ-Prometheus Operator.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheusrules prometheus-k8s-rules
...
  - name: blackbox-exporter
    rules:
    - alert: ProbeFailed
      expr: probe_success == 0
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "Probe failed (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Probe failedn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SlowProbe
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Slow probe (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Blackbox probe took more than 1s to completen  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: HttpStatusCode
      expr: probe_http_status_code <= 199 OR probe_http_status_code >= 400
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "HTTP Status Code (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "HTTP status code is not 200-399n  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SslCertificateWillExpireSoon
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry - time() < 86400 * 30
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "SSL certificate will expire soon (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "SSL certificate expires in 30 daysn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SslCertificateHasExpired
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry - time()  <= 0
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "SSL certificate has expired (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "SSL certificate has expired alreadyn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: HttpSlowRequests
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_http_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "HTTP slow requests (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "HTTP request took more than 1sn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SlowPing
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_icmp_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Slow ping (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Blackbox ping took more than 1sn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"

ื‘ืžืžืฉืง ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉืœ Prometheus, ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืœ Status => Rules ื•ืžืฆื ืืช ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ื”ืชืจืื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ Blackbox-exporter.

Prometheus: ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ HTTP ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ืฆื•ืืŸ Blackbox

ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืชืคื•ื’ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ SSL ืฉืœ ืฉืจืช Kubernetes API

ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืชืคื•ื’ืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ SSL ืฉืœ Kubernetes API Server. ื–ื” ื™ืฉืœื— ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข.

ื”ื•ืกืคืช ืžื•ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืืŸ ืฉืœ Blackbox ืœืื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืจืช Kubernetes API.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit configmap prometheus-blackbox-exporter
...
      kube-api:
        http:
          method: GET
          no_follow_redirects: false
          preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
          tls_config:
            insecure_skip_verify: false
            ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
          bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
          valid_http_versions:
          - HTTP/1.1
          - HTTP/2
          valid_status_codes: []
        prober: http
        timeout: 5s

ื”ื•ืกืคืช ืชืฆื•ืจืช ื’ืจื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก

- job_name: 'kube-api-blackbox'
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [kube-api]
  static_configs:
   - targets:
      - https://kubernetes.default.svc/api
  relabel_configs:
   - source_labels: [__address__]
     target_label: __param_target
   - source_labels: [__param_target]
     target_label: instance
   - target_label: __address__
     replacement: prometheus-blackbox-exporter:9115 # The blackbox exporter.

ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘-Prometheus Secret

PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG=$(cat prometheus-additional.yaml | base64)
cat << EOF | kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: additional-scrape-configs
type: Opaque
data:
  prometheus-additional.yaml: $PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG
EOF

ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืชืจืื”

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheusrules prometheus-k8s-rules
...
  - name: k8s-api-server-cert-expiry
    rules:
    - alert: K8sAPIServerSSLCertExpiringAfterThreeMonths
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry{job="kube-api-blackbox"} - time() < 86400 * 90 
      for: 1w
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Kubernetes API Server SSL certificate will expire after three months (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Kubernetes API Server SSL certificate expires in 90 daysn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื™ื

ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื•ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘-Docker

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com