ืืื ืืื ืืืืื! ืืจืฆืื ื ืืืงืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืื ืื ืืฉื ืืืืจ ืื ืืฉื ืืืื ืืขื ืืื - ืืขืจืืช ืืงืจืช ืืืืืืช ืืืื ืืจื ืืืช RIPE Atlas. ืืืง ืืชืืื ืืขื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืข ืืืงืจ ืืืื ืืจื ื ืื ืืืจืื ืืืืืจืืืืื (ืืื ื ืฉืฆืืืจ ืคืืคืืืจืืืช ืืืืืจืืช, ืืขืืงืจ ืืืืืื ืืืขืืื). ืืฉ ืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืขื RIPE Atlas ืืืื ืืจื ื, ืืืื ืขื Habr, ืืื ืื ื ืจืื ืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืืงืืคืื. ืืจืื, ืืืืืจ ืืฉืชืืฉ ืืืืืข ืืืืชืจ ืืจืฉืื
ืืืงืื ืืืงืืื
ืจืฉื ืืืื ืืจื ื ืืืืืจื (RIR), ืฉืืืจืืืชื ืืืกื ืืช ืืืจืืคื, ืืจืื ืืกืื ืืืืืจื ืืชืืืื, ืืื RIPE NCC (ืืจืื ืชืืืื ืจืฉืชืืช ื-Rรฉseaux IP Europรฉens). RIPE NCC ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืืืจืืช ืจืืื ืฉืืกืืกื ืืืืื ื. ืชืืื ืืืื ืืจื ื. ืืกืคืง ืืชืืืืช IP ืืืกืคืจื ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืกืคืงื ืืื ืืจื ื ืืงืืืืื ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืืืืื.
ืืื ืืคืจืืืงืื ืืืื ืฉื RIPE NCC ืฉืืืจืชื ืืืงืืจ ืืช ืืฆื ืืืื ืืจื ื ืืื RIPE Atlas (ืืื ืืกืืฃ 2010), ืฉืืืืื ืืืืืืฆืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืชื ืืขื ืืืืงื, ืฉืืคืกืืง ืืคืขืื ื-2014.
RIPE Atlas ืืื ืจืฉืช ืขืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืฉื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืคื ืคืขืื ืืช ืืฆื ืืืื ืืจื ื. ืืฉื ื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืืืฉื ืื ืืจืฉืช RIPE Atlas ืืืกืคืจื ืืื ืื ืืืื. RIPE NCC ืืืกืฃ ืืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืฉื ืืกืคื ืืืขืืื ืืืชื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืฉืชืืฉืื ืืื ืชืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ื ืืื.
ืืคืืชืื ืฉื ืืจืฉืช ืืชืจืืฉ ืขื ืคื ืืขืืงืจืื ืฉื ืืชืงื ื ืืจืฆืื ืฉื ืืืืฉื ืื ืขื ืืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืืชืฉืชืืช ืฉืืื, ืขืืืจื ืืื ืคืงืื "ืืืืืืื", ืืืชื ื ืืชื ืืืืฆืื ืขื ืืืฆืืข ืืืืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืืฉื ืื ืืืจืื.
ืืืจื ืืื ื ืขืฉื ืฉืืืืฉ ื-RIPE Atlas:
- ืื ืืจ ืืช ืืืื ืืช ืืจืฉืช ืฉืื ืื ืงืืืืช ืฉืื ืืช ืืืื ืืจื ื;
- ืืืงืืจ ืืืคืชืืจ ืืขืืืช ืืจืฉืช ืฉืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืืงืืช ืงืืฉืืจืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืืช;
- ืืืขืจืืช ืื ืืืืจ ืฉื ืืจืฉืช ืฉืื;
- ืืคืงื ืขื ืืืื ืืช ืชืฉืชืืช ื-DNS;
- ืืืืงืช ืืืืืจ IPv6.
RIPE ืืืืก
ืืคื ืฉืืืจ ืืืจืชื, RIPE Atlas ืืื ืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉื ืื ืืืืืงืืช ืืืื ืืจื ื ืื ืืฆืืช ืชืืช ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืช. ืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืืฉื ืื ืงืื ืื ืฆืืื ืืืื (Probes), ืืฉื ื ืืชืงืืืื ืืืชืจ - ืขืืื ืื (Anchors).
ื ืืื ืืืืฆืข 2020, ืืืขืจืืช RIPE Atlas ืืืชืจ ื-11 ืืืฃ ืืืืฉื ืื ืคืขืืืื ืืืืชืจ ื-650 ืขืืื ืื ืคืขืืืื, ืืฉืจ ืืื ืืืืฆืจืื ืืืชืจ ื-25 ืืืฃ ืืืืืืช ืืืงืืืื ืืืชืจ ื-10 ืืืฃ ืชืืฆืืืช ืืฉื ืืื.
ืืืจืคืื ืฉืืืื ืืฆืืืื ืืช ืืืืืื ืืืกืคืจ ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืืขืืื ืื.
ืืืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืื ืืคืช ืืขืืื ืืืฆืืื ืช ืืช ืืืงืืื ืฉื ืืืืฉื ืื ืืขืืื ืื, ืืืชืืื.
ืืืจืืช ืืืขืื ืืืืืจื ืฉื RIPE NCC, ืจืฉืช RIPE Atlas ืืืกื ืืืขื ืืช ืื ืืขืืื, ืืืฉืจ ืจืืกืื ื ืืฆืืช ื-5 ืืืืืืืื ืืืืื ืช ืืกืคืจ ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืืืชืงื ืื (568), ืืื ืขื ืืจืื ืื (1562), ืืจื"ื (1440), ืฆืจืคืช (925) ืืืจืืื ืื (610).
ืฉืืืื ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืฉืจ ืืืื ื ืืช ืคืขืืืช ืืืืืฉื, ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืง ืืขืช ืืขืช (ืื 4 ืืงืืช) ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืืืงืืื ืืจืฉืช, ืืืืืืื ืฉืจืชื DNS ืืฆืืชืื ืขื ืฉืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื "ctr-sin02.atlas.ripe.net" , ืื ื ืืืืื , ืฉืื ืฉืจืชื ืืืงืจื ืฉื ืจืฉืช RIPE Atlas.
ืื ืืฆืืชื ืืืืข ืขื ืฉืจืชื ืืงืจื ืืืชืจ ืืจืฉืื, ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืื ืื ืฉืืืฉืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืืืืช ื ืืืื ืืืืฉื ืื, ืืื ืื ืืืกืืฃ ืืขืืืื ื ืชืื ืื. ืื ืื ืืืืฉ ืฉืื ื ืืื, ืื ืืฉ ืืคืืืช 6 ืฉืจืชื ืืงืจื, ืืชืืื 2 ื ืืฆืืื ืืืจื"ื, 2 ืืืืื ื, 1 ืืืจืื ืื, 1 ืืกืื ืืคืืจ. ืคืืจื 443 ืคืชืื ืืื ืืฉืจืชืื.
ืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืข ื ืืกืฃ ืขื ืฉืจืชื ืืืงืจื ืฉื ืจืฉืช RIPE Atlas, ื ื ืืืืืืจ ืืช ืื ืืฉื ืืื.
ืืืืฉื
ืืืืฉื RIPE Atlas ืืื ืืืฉืืจ ืงืื (TP-Link 3020) ืืืืคืขื ืืืืฆืขืืช USB ืืืชืืืจ ืืืฆืืืช ื-Ethernet ืฉื ืื ืชื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืื ืจืฉืช. ืืืชืื ืืืื, ืืืืืฉื ืขืฉืืื ืืืืืช ืขืจืืช ืฉืืืื Atheros AR9331, 400 ืืื-ืืจืฅ, 4 MB ืคืืืฉ ื-32 ืืื-ืืืื RAM ืื ืขืจืืช ืฉืืืื MediaNek MT7628NN, 575 ืืื-ืืจืฅ, ืืืืง ืฉื 8 ืืื-ืืจืฅ ื-64 ืืื-ืืืื RAM.
ืขืืื
ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืฉื ืืฉืืคืจ ืขื ืืืฆืืขืื ืืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ. ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืืจ ืืืจืกืช 19 ืืื ืฅ' ืกืื ืืจืืืช ืืคืืืคืืจืืช ืืืืืจื APU2C2 ืื APU2E2 ืขื ืืขืื 4 ืืืืืช 1 GHz, 2 GB RAM, 3 ืืฆืืืืช Gigabit Ethernet ืืืื ื SSD ืื ืคื 250 GB.
ืืชืงื ื ืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืืืฉื
ืืคื ืฉืืืจ ืืืจืชื, ืืืืฉื ืื ืืืคืฆืื ืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืืชืงื ืชื ืืชืฉืชืืช ืฉืืื. ืืขืช ืืงืฉืช ืืืืฉื, ืฆืืื ืืช ืืืืื ื, ืืขืืจ ืืืกืคืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืช ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืงื. ืืชืืืื ืืืงืฉืชื, RIPE NCC ืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืืขื ืืืื.
ืืืจืื ืืฆืขืจ, ืืืืฉืื ืฉืื ืืื ื ืขืืื ืืงืจืืืจืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืงืืืช ืืืืฉื ืืืืจื ืืฉืื ืื. ืืขืื ืฉืืืืจื ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืืคืืฅ ืืช ืืืืฉื ื RIPE Atlas ืืฆืืจื ืจืืื ืืื ืืืคืฉืจ, ื ืจืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืจ ืืกืคืืง ืืืฉืืจืื ืืืืืจืื ืืชืื ื-ASN ืฉืฆืืื ืช, ืืจืฉืช ืฉืืืื ืืืฉืช ืืงืฉื ืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืื ืืืืช ืืช ืืืคืืืงืฆืื.
ืืื ืืขืื. ืืืงืจื ืื, ื ืืชื ืืืชืงืื ืืืืฉื ืชืืื ื, ืืืฉื, ืขื ืืืื ื ืืืจืืืืืืช, ืฉืจืช ืืืชื ืื ื ืชื - ืืื ืืืืืืช ืขื ืืืงืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช. CentOS, Debian, Raspbian ื-Turris OS ื ืชืืืืช. ืืื ืืคืจืืก, ืขืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืชืงืื ืืช ืืชืืื ื ืืืชืืืื, ืืืฉื ื-
ืืชืงื ืช ืืืืฉื ืชืืื ื ืืื ืื ืคืฉืืื. ืืืืืื, ืืื ืืืชืงืื ืขื CentOS 8 ืืชื ืฆืจืื ืืืคืขืื ืืช ืืคืงืืืืช ืืืืืช:
curl -O 'https://ftp.ripe.net/ripe/atlas/software-probe/centos8/noarch/ripe-atlas-repo-1-2.el8.noarch.rpm'
yum install ripe-atlas-repo-1-2.el8.noarch.rpm
ืืจืฉืื ืืช ืืืืืฉื, ืืืงืจื ืื ืขืืื ืืกืคืง ืืช ืืคืชื SSH, ืฉื ืืฆื ื /var/atlas-probe/etc/probe_key.pub
, ืืื ืฆืืื ื ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืช ืืืช ืืขืืจ ืฉืืื. ืืืืชื ืืืืืจ ืื ื ืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืฆืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืืงืื ืืืืืฉื.
ื ืืืื ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืฉืชืฃ ืืช ืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืขื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืืืจืื, ืืืืืืจ ืืชืจืืืช ืขื ืืฉืืชื, ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืืช ืจืฉืช ืกืื ืืจืืืืช (ืืชืืืช, ืฉืขืจ ืืจืืจืช ืืืื ืืื').
ืืืืืช
ืืืกืืฃ ืืืขื ื ืืืืืืืช. ืืืืจืช ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืฆืขืช ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืฉื ืฉืื. ืื ืฉื ืชืืื ืืจืืืช ืืช ืืชืืฆืืืช.
ืืืืืฉ ืืฉืืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืืืช ืืฉืืืฉื ืฉืืืื: ืืืืจืช ืกืื ืืืืื, ืืืืจืช ืืืืฉื, ืืืืจืช ืชืงืืคืช ืืืืื.
ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืกืืืื ืืืืื: ping, traceroute, DNS, SSL, HTTP, NTP. ืืืืจืืช ืืคืืจืืืช ืขืืืจ ืกืื ืืืืื ืกืคืฆืืคื, ืืืขื ืืื ืืกืคืฆืืคืืืช ืืคืจืืืืงืื ืื ืฉืืจืืช ืกืคืฆืืคื, ืืืืืืช: ืืชืืืช ืืขื, ืคืจืืืืงืื ืฉืืืช ืจืฉืช, ืืกืคืจ ืื ืืช ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืืช, ืืืื ืื ืืช ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืช, ืืืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืืงืจืื ื- ืฉืขืช ืืืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืืืช ืื ืืช.
ื ืืชื ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืื ืืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืช ืืืืงืื ืฉืืื, ืืืืจ, ืืขืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช, ืชื ืืื'.
ืชืงืืคืช ืืืืืื ื ืงืืขืช ืืคื ืืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืืกืืื.
ืชืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืชืจ ืืืฉืืื ื ืืืืฉื, ืืืชื ื ืืชื ืืงืื ืื ืืคืืจืื json. ืืืืคื ืืืื, ืชืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืงืืืจืื ืืืืชืืื ืืืืคืืื ืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืฉื ืฆืืืช ืื ืฉืืจืืช ืืกืืื.
ืขืืืจ ืืืฉืชืืฉ, ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืจืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืื. ืขื ืืืช, ืืจืืจ ืฉืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืขืจืืช ืืจืืืืช ืืืฆืืจืช ืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืื ืชืฆืืจื, ืื ืฉืคืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืช ืจืืืืช ืืืจืื ืืืืืืช ืืฆื ืืืื ืืจื ื.
ืืืื ืืืืื ืืชืืฆืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืจืืจืช ืืืืื. ืืืืืืืช ืืืื ping, traceroute ื-SSL, ืืชืืืช ื-IP ืฉื habr.com ื ืืืจื ืืืืจื, DNS ืืืืชื ืืชืืืช ื-IP ืฉื ืฉืจืช ื-DNS ืฉื ืืืื, NTP ืืืืชื ืืชืืืช ื-IP ืฉื ืฉืจืช ื-NTP ntp1.stratum2.ru. ืื ืืืืืืืช ืืฉืชืืฉื ืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืืืืงื ืืืืืืืืืกืืืง.
ืคืื ื
[{"fw":4790,"lts":18,"dst_name":"178.248.237.68","af":4,"dst_addr":"178.248.237.68","src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"ICMP","ttl":55,"size":48,"result":[{"rtt":122.062873},{"rtt":121.775641},{"rtt":121.807897}],"dup":0,"rcvd":3,"sent":3,"min":121.775641,"max":122.062873,"avg":121.882137,"msm_id":26273241,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594622562,"msm_name":"Ping","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"ping","group_id":26273241,"step":null,"stored_timestamp":1594622562}]
ืืจืืืกืจื
[{"fw":4790,"lts":19,"endtime":1594622643,"dst_name":"178.248.237.68","dst_addr":"178.248.237.68","src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"ICMP","af":4,"size":48,"paris_id":1,"result":[{"hop":1,"result":[{"from":"192.168.0.1","ttl":64,"size":76,"rtt":7.49},{"from":"192.168.0.1","ttl":64,"size":76,"rtt":1.216},{"from":"192.168.0.1","ttl":64,"size":76,"rtt":1.169}]},{"hop":2,"result":[{"from":"5.100.98.1","ttl":254,"size":28,"rtt":1.719},{"from":"5.100.98.1","ttl":254,"size":28,"rtt":1.507},{"from":"5.100.98.1","ttl":254,"size":28,"rtt":1.48}]},---DATA OMITED---,{"hop":10,"result":[{"from":"178.248.237.68","ttl":55,"size":48,"rtt":121.891},{"from":"178.248.237.68","ttl":55,"size":48,"rtt":121.873},{"from":"178.248.237.68","ttl":55,"size":48,"rtt":121.923}]}],"msm_id":26273246,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594622637,"msm_name":"Traceroute","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"traceroute","group_id":26273246,"stored_timestamp":1594622649}]
DNS
[{"fw":4790,"lts":146,"dst_addr":"8.8.8.8","af":4,"src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"UDP","result":{"rt":174.552,"size":42,"abuf":"5BGAgAABAAEAAAAABGhhYnIDY29tAAABAAHADAABAAEAAAcmAASy+O1E","ID":58385,"ANCOUNT":1,"QDCOUNT":1,"NSCOUNT":0,"ARCOUNT":0},"msm_id":26289620,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594747880,"msm_name":"Tdig","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"dns","group_id":26289620,"stored_timestamp":1594747883}]
SSL
[{"fw":4790,"lts":63,"dst_name":"178.248.237.68","dst_port":"443","method":"TLS","ver":"1.2","dst_addr":"178.248.237.68","af":4,"src_addr":"192.168.0.10","ttc":106.920213,"rt":219.948332,"cert":["-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----nMIIGJzCCBQ+gAwIBAg ---DATA OMITED--- yd/teRCBaho1+Vn-----END CERTIFICATE-----"],"msm_id":26289611,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594747349,"msm_name":"SSLCert","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"sslcert","group_id":26289611,"stored_timestamp":1594747352}]
NTP
[{"fw":4790,"lts":72,"dst_name":"88.147.254.230","dst_addr":"88.147.254.230","src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"UDP","af":4,"li":"no","version":4,"mode":"server","stratum":2,"poll":8,"precision":0.0000076294,"root-delay":0.000518799,"root-dispersion":0.0203094,"ref-id":"5893fee5","ref-ts":3803732581.5476198196,"result":[{"origin-ts":3803733082.3982748985,"receive-ts":3803733082.6698465347,"transmit-ts":3803733082.6698560715,"final-ts":3803733082.5099263191,"rtt":0.111643,"offset":-0.21575},{"origin-ts":3803733082.5133042336,"receive-ts":3803733082.7847337723,"transmit-ts":3803733082.7847442627,"final-ts":3803733082.6246700287,"rtt":0.111355,"offset":-0.215752},{"origin-ts":3803733082.6279149055,"receive-ts":3803733082.899283886,"transmit-ts":3803733082.8992962837,"final-ts":3803733082.7392635345,"rtt":0.111337,"offset":-0.2157}],"msm_id":26289266,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594744282,"msm_name":"Ntp","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"ntp","group_id":26289266,"stored_timestamp":1594744289}]
ืืกืงื ื
ืจืฉืช RIPE Atlas ืืื ืืื ื ืื ืืืืคืฉืจ ืื ืืจ ืืช ืืืื ืืชื ืฉื ืืืืืืงืืื ืืฉืืจืืชืื ืืืื ืืจื ื ืืืขื ืืืื ืืืช.
ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืืืฆืจืื ืขื ืืื ืจืฉืช RIPE Atlas ืืืืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืืืฉืืื ืืืคืขืืื ืืืงืื, ืืืืงืจืื, ืืงืืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืื ืฉืืชืขื ืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืื ืืจื ื ืืจืืฆื ืืืืื ืขืื ืขื ืืื ื ืืจืฉืช ืืชืืจืืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืกืืกืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ืืจื ื ืืงื ื ืืืื ืขืืืื .
ื .ื RIPE ืืืืก ืื ืืื ืืกืืื, ืืฉ ืื ืืืืื, ืืืฉื
ืืงืืจ: www.habr.com