ืืืฉืจ ืืคืืชืื ืจืง ืืชืืื, ืืจืื ืื ืืจืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืขืืจื ื-rootfs ืืืขื.
ืืืืืื ืืืจืืช, ืื ืืืงืื ืืื ืืชืคืืก LFS, buildroot ืื yocto (ืื ืืฉืื ืืืจ), ืืื ืืชื ืืืจ ืฆืจืื ืืืชืืื. ืืขืฉืืจืื (ืืฉ ืื 4GB eMMC ืืืืืืืืช ืคืืืืื) ืืฉ ืืืฆื ืืืคืืฅ ืืืคืชืืื ืืคืฆื ืฉืชืืคืฉืจ ืืื ืืืขืืืจ ืืืืืจืืช ืืฉืื ืฉืืกืจ ืืจืืข, ืืื ืชืืื ื ืืื ืืืกืืฃ ืจืฉืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืืืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืจืฉืืื ืขืืืจ ืฉืืจืฉื ืืืขื.
ืืืืจ ืื ืืื ื ืืืฉ ืืืื ืืืจืื ืคืฉืืื ืืืขืชืืง-ืืืืง.
ืืืจืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืื rootfs ืขืืืจ ืืืืืช ARM (ืืืงืจื ืฉืื, ืืืืกืก ืขื Colibri imx7d).
ืื ืืืช ืชืืื ื
ืื ื ืืจืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืจืฉื ืืืขื ืืฉืืคืื.
ืคืจืืงืช ืืกืืก ืืืืื ืื
ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืฉืืจืืจ ืืขืฆืื ื ืขื ืกืื ืืฆืืจื ืืืืขืืคืืช ืฉืื ื. ืื ื ื ืชืชื 20.
$ mkdir ubuntu20
$ cd ubuntu20
$ mkdir rootfs
$ wget http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-base/releases/20.04/release/ubuntu-base-20.04-base-armhf.tar.gz
$ tar xf ubuntu-base-20.04-base-armhf.tar.gz -C rootfs
ืืืืงืช ืชืืืืช BINFMT ืืงืจื ื
ืื ืืฉ ืื ืืคืฆื ืืฉืืชืคืช, ืื ืืฉ ืชืืืื ื-BINFMT_MISC ืืืื ืืืืืจ, ืื ืื, ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืชื ืืืืข ืืื ืืืคืขืื ืชืืืื ื-BINFMT ืืงืจื ื.
ืืื ืฉ-BINFMT_MISC ืืืคืขื ืืืืื:
$ zcat /proc/config.gz | grep BINFMT
CONFIG_BINFMT_ELF=y
CONFIG_COMPAT_BINFMT_ELF=y
CONFIG_BINFMT_SCRIPT=y
CONFIG_BINFMT_MISC=y
ืขืืฉืื ืืชื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืง ืืช ืืืืืจืืช:
$ ls /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc
qemu-arm register status
$ cat /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/qemu-arm
enabled
interpreter /usr/bin/qemu-arm
flags: OC
offset 0
magic 7f454c4601010100000000000000000002002800
mask ffffffffffffff00fffffffffffffffffeffffff
ื ืืชื ืืืืจืฉื ืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืขืืช, ืืืฉื,
ืืืืจืช ืืจืืข ืกืืืืช ืฉื qemu
ืขืืฉืื ืื ืื ื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืคืข qemu ืืืจืื ืกืืืืช.
!!! ืชืฉืืืช ืืื!!!
ืื ืืชื ืืชืื ื ืืืฉืชืืฉ ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืช ืืฉืื, ืืืืง:
https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=23960
https://bugs.launchpad.net/qemu/+bug/1805913
ืื ืขืืืจ x86_64 ืืืจื ืืืืจื ืืจืืข ืืชื ืฆืจืื ืืืฉืชืืฉ ืืืจืกืช i386 ืฉื qemu:
http://ftp.ru.debian.org/debian/pool/main/q/qemu/qemu-user-static_5.0-13_i386.deb
$ wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/q/qemu/qemu-user-static_5.0-13_amd64.deb
$ alient -t qemu-user-static_5.0-13_amd64.deb
# ะฟััั ะฒ rootfs ะธ ะธะผั ะธัะฟะพะปะฝัะตะผะพะณะพ ัะฐะนะปะฐ ะดะพะปะถะฝะพ ัะพะฒะฟะฐะดะฐัั ั /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/qemu-arm
$ mkdir qemu
$ tar xf qemu-user-static-5.0.tgz -C qemu
$ file qemu/usr/bin/qemu-arm-static
qemu/usr/bin/qemu-arm-static: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (GNU/Linux), statically linked, BuildID[sha1]=be45f9a321cccc5c139cc1991a4042907f9673b6, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, stripped
$ cp qemu/usr/bin/qemu-arm-static rootfs/usr/bin/qemu-arm
$ file rootfs/usr/bin/qemu-arm
rootfs/usr/bin/qemu-arm: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (GNU/Linux), statically linked, BuildID[sha1]=be45f9a321cccc5c139cc1991a4042907f9673b6, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, stripped
ื ืชื
ืชืกืจืื ืคืฉืื:
ch-mount.sh
#!/bin/bash
function mnt() {
echo "MOUNTING"
sudo mount -t proc /proc proc
sudo mount --rbind /sys sys
sudo mount --make-rslave sys
sudo mount --rbind /dev dev
sudo mount --make-rslave dev
sudo mount -o bind /dev/pts dev/pts
sudo chroot
}
function umnt() {
echo "UNMOUNTING"
sudo umount proc
sudo umount sys
sudo umount dev/pts
sudo umount dev
}
if [ "$1" == "-m" ] && [ -n "$2" ] ;
then
mnt $1 $2
elif [ "$1" == "-u" ] && [ -n "$2" ];
then
umnt $1 $2
else
echo ""
echo "Either 1'st, 2'nd or both parameters were missing"
echo ""
echo "1'st parameter can be one of these: -m(mount) OR -u(umount)"
echo "2'nd parameter is the full path of rootfs directory(with trailing '/')"
echo ""
echo "For example: ch-mount -m /media/sdcard/"
echo ""
echo 1st parameter :
echo 2nd parameter :
fi
ืื ืื ื ืืชืคืขืืื ืืืชืืฆืื:
$ ./ch-mount.sh -m rootfs/
# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 20.04 LTS"
VERSION_ID="20.04"
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
VERSION_CODENAME=focal
UBUNTU_CODENAME=focal
# uname -a
Linux NShubin 5.5.9-gentoo-x86_64 #1 SMP PREEMPT Mon Mar 16 14:34:52 MSK 2020 armv7l armv7l armv7l GNU/Linux
ืกืชื ืืฉืืื ืืืืฃ, ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืคื ื ืืืืจื ืืชืงื ืช ืกื ืืืืืืืช ืืืื ืืืื (ืขืืืจื):
# du -d 0 -h / 2>/dev/null
63M /
ืืืื ื ืขืืื:
# apt update
# apt upgrade --yes
ืืืื ื ืชืงืื ืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืื ื ืืขืื ืืื ืื:
# SYSTEMD_IGNORE_CHROOT=yes apt install --yes autoconf kmod socat ifupdown ethtool iputils-ping net-tools ssh g++ iproute2 dhcpcd5 incron ser2net udev systemd gcc minicom vim cmake make mtd-utils util-linux git strace gdb libiio-dev iiod
ืงืืฆื ืืืชืจืืช ืืืื ืืืืืืืื ืื ืขื ืืื ื ืคืจื. ืืืืื, ืื ื ืชืงืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืืชืืื, ืืงืจื ื, ืืืืืืืื, ืขืฅ ืืืืฉืืจืื ืืจื ืืืืื ืื. ืื ืืืืขื ืืืื ื ืืืืืฅ ืื ืฉื ืจืืื ืืืชื ืืขืฆืื ื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืกืจื ืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืฆืจื ืืืื, ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืืขืืจ ืืชืืื ืืืจืื ืื.
ืืืืื ืืกืืืืช, ืกืืืืช ืืจืกืืืช ืืงืืืืช, ืืื ืขืืืฃ ืืงืืช ืืืชื ืืื ืืืช ืืงืจื ื.
# apt install --yes linux-headers-generic
ืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืงืจื ืืืฆื ืืจืื:
# apt clean
# du -d 0 -h / 2>/dev/null
770M /
ืื ืชืฉืื ืืืืืืจ ืกืืกืื.
ืืจืืืช ืืชืืื ื
$ sudo tar -C rootfs --transform "s|^./||" --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 -c ./ | tar --delete ./ | gzip > rootfs.tar.gz
ืื ืืกืฃ, ืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืชืงืื etckeeper ืขื ืืืืจืช ืืืืืคื ืืืืืืืืืช
ืืืื, ื ื ืื ืฉืืคืฆื ื ืืช ืืืืืื ืฉืื ื, ืืขืืืื ืืืื ืขื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืืจืืื ืืจืกืืืช ืฉืื ืืช ืืืืืจืืช ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืขืจืืช ืฉืื ื.
ืฉืืืจ ืืื' ืืืื ืืืื ืืขืืจืชื ื.
ืืืืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืืฉื:
- ืืชื ืืืื ืืืื ืขื ืขื ืคืื ืืกืืืืื
- ืืืฆืืจ ืืคืชื ืืืืืื ืขืืืจ ืื ืืืฉืืจ
- ืืืื ืืืืคื ืืืื
- ืืื ' ...
# ssh-keygen
# apt install etckeeper
# etckeeper init
# cd /etc
# git remote add origin ...
ืืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืืืคื ืืืืืืืืช
ืื ืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฆืืจ ืกื ืืคืื ืืืืฉืืจ ืืจืืฉ (ื ื ืื ืฉื ืืฆืืจ ืกืงืจืืคื ืื ืฉืืจืืช ืฉืืคืขื ืืคืขื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืฉืง).
# cat /etc/etckeeper/etckeeper.conf
PUSH_REMOTE="origin"
ืื ืฉื ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืชืจ...
ืืจื ืขืฆืื ืืช
ืชื ื ืื ื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืื, ื ืืื ืืืกืคืจ ืืกืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืขืื (ืื MAC - ืืืจืืช ืจืฆืื ืืืช ืงืื ืืช ืืช ืืืืื):
cat / proc / cpuinfo
# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
model name : ARMv7 Processor rev 5 (v7l)
BogoMIPS : 60.36
Features : half thumb fastmult vfp edsp neon vfpv3 tls vfpv4 idiva idivt vfpd32 lpae evtstrm
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 7
CPU variant : 0x0
CPU part : 0xc07
CPU revision : 5
processor : 1
model name : ARMv7 Processor rev 5 (v7l)
BogoMIPS : 60.36
Features : half thumb fastmult vfp edsp neon vfpv3 tls vfpv4 idiva idivt vfpd32 lpae evtstrm
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 7
CPU variant : 0x0
CPU part : 0xc07
CPU revision : 5
Hardware : Freescale i.MX7 Dual (Device Tree)
Revision : 0000
Serial : 06372509
ืื ื ืืื ืืืฉืชืืฉ ืื ืืฉื ืืกื ืืฃ ืฉืืืื ื ืืืฃ:
# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep Serial | cut -d':' -f 2 | tr -d [:blank:]
06372509
ืืืื ื ืืฆืืจ ืกืงืจืืคื ืคืฉืื:
# cat /etc/etckeeper/commit.d/40myown-push
#!/bin/sh
set -e
if [ "$VCS" = git ] && [ -d .git ]; then
branch=$(cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep Serial | cut -d':' -f 2 | tr -d [:blank:])
cd /etc/
git push origin master:${branch}
fi
ืืื ืืื - ืืืืจ ืืื ืื ื ืืื ืืืกืชืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืฆืืจ ืจืฉืืื ืฉื ืืืืืืช ืขืืืจ ืงืืฉืืช ืืืขื.
ืืืืจืื ืืืืืฆืื
ืืขืื ืฉื getdents64
ืืงืืจ: www.habr.com