ืืคืœ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2019 ื”ื™ื ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ื‘ืฉื ืช 2000

ื”ืขืจื”: ื”ืคื•ืกื˜ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืคื™ ื”ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”. ืœืขืฆื ื”ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืื™ืŸ ืชื•ืขืœืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื” ื”ื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžืชืื™ืžื”, ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืฉื›ื“ืื™ ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ืงื”ืœ. ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื ื™ืคื’ืฉ ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช.

ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืขื‘ืจ, ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื™ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— MacOS ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืฉืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ XCode ื–ืžื™ืŸ. ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื•, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืืžืจื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืžืกืคื™ืง ืฉื˜ื— ื“ื™ืกืง ืคื ื•ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงื ื”. ืื•ืงื™ื™, ืžื—ืงืชื™ ื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืฉื•ื‘. ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื” ืฉื’ื™ืื”. ื”ืžืฉื›ืชื™ ื•ืžื—ืงืชื™ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืงื‘ืฆื™ื, ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื›ืžื” ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ. ื”ืžื ื™ืคื•ืœืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืฉื—ืจืจื• ื›ืžื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ื’ื™ื’ื”-ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ื“ื™ืกืง, ื›ืš ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ื“. ืืคื™ืœื• ืจื•ืงื ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืืฉืคื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ื™ืชืงืข ืฉื ื›ืžื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ.

ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื–ื” ืœื ืขื–ืจ: ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืช ืื•ืชื” ืฉื’ื™ืื”.

ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ืง ืืช ื”ื˜ืจืžื™ื ืœ. ื•ืื›ืŸ, ืœืคื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ืž df, ื”ื™ื” ืจืง โ€‹โ€‹8 ื’ื™ื’ื”-ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืฉืœ ืฉื˜ื— ื‘ื“ื™ืกืง, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื—ืงืชื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-40 ื’ื™ื’ื”-ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืฆื™ื (ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื–ืืช ืœื ื“ืจืš ื”ืžืžืฉืง ื”ื’ืจืคื™, ืืœื ื“ืจืš rm, ื›ืš ืฉืœืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ "ืœืฉืจื•ื“"). ืœืื—ืจ ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ืฉื ืžื—ืงื• ืขื‘ืจื• ืœ"ืฉื˜ื— ื”ืฉืžื•ืจ" ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืงื‘ืฆื™ื. ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื”ื ื•ืœื”ืกื™ืจื. ืœืื—ืจ ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื™ืขื•ื“, ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื”ืคืขืœื” ืขืฆืžื” ืชืžื—ืง ืืช ื”ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ื”ืœืœื• "ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ืจื™ืฉื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืงื•ื." ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคืง ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื›ื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ื™ื™ืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืชื•ื›ื ืช ืืคืœ ืชืขืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืœืœื ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช.

ืœืื—ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืงื•ืจื”, ื ืชืงืœืชื™ ื‘ืฉืจืฉื•ืจ ื—ื‘ื•ื™ ื‘ืžืขืžืงื™ Reddit ื‘ื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื ื” ืงื˜ืขื™ื ืงืกื•ืžื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ืฉืžื•ืจ. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืงื˜ืขื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ื›ื™ืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ื”ื”ืฉืงื” tmutil. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื›ืš, ื”ื”ืฉืงื” ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ืขื ืฉืœืœ ื˜ื™ืขื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืฉื•ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื• ืงืฉืจ ืœืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืคืชื™ืข, ื”ืฉืžืื ื™ื–ื ื”ื–ื” ืขื‘ื“ ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™ ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช XCode.

ื›ืฉืจืžื•ืช ืœื—ืฅ ื”ื“ื ืฉืœื™ ื—ื–ืจื• ืœื ื•ืจืžืœื™ื•ืช, ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื“ื–'ื” ื•ื• ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช ืื•ืชื™. ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™ ื‘ื›ืื‘ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ืขื ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-XNUMX. ืžืฉื”ื• ื ืฉื‘ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืงืจืื™ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ, ืœืœื ื›ืœ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžืกืคืงืช ื•ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื•ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” "ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ื”ื›ืœ" ื”ื™ื ืœื—ืคื•ืจ ื›ืžื” ืคืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืขืงืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ื ืกื•ืœื” ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืคื•ืจื•ื ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื•ืœืงื•ื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘. ื•ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื”ื–ื•, ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ.

ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ, ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขื ืฉื˜ื— ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืื™ืจื•ืข ื‘ื•ื“ื“. ื™ืฉ ื”ืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”:

ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื

Linux 2000: ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฆื’ ืฉื ื™ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ื™ื™ื›ืฉืœ. ืžืขืจื™ืฆื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืืฉืžืช ื”ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื ืฉืœื ืกื™ืคืงื• ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืœื ืขืœ ื”ื“ื’ื.

ืืคืœ 2019: ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืงืจืŸ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ื™ื™ื›ืฉืœ. ืžืขืจื™ืฆื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืืฉืžืช ื”ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืœื ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื”-HW ืฉืœื”ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื ื›ืœ ื“ื’ื ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืืคืœ.

ื”ื•ืจื“ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื”

Linux 2000: ื™ืฉ ืจืง ื“ืจืš ืื—ืช ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื’ื–ืข ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื”: ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช. ืื ืืชื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ, ืื– ืืชื” ืื™ื“ื™ื•ื˜ ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ.

ืืคืœ 2019: ื™ืฉ ืจืง ื“ืจืš ืื—ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื’ื–ืขื™ืช ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื”: ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื—ื ื•ืช ืืคืœ. ืื ืืชื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ, ืื– ืืชื” ืื™ื“ื™ื•ื˜ ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ.

ืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืžืจื”

ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก 2000: ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืฆื•ืžืฆื ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืคื•ืขืœ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืงื•ืคืกื”, ื’ื ื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ืžืกืš ืชืœืช ืžื™ืžื“ื™ื™ื. ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ, ืื• ื‘ืขืœ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืคื—ืชืช, ืื• ืฉื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืืš ืงื•ืจืก ืžื“ื™ ืคืขื ืœืœื ืกื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”.

ืืคืœ 2019: ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช ืžืื•ื“ ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืงื•ืคืกื”, ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ืื ื“ืจื•ืื™ื“. ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ, ืื• ื‘ืขืœ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืคื—ืชืช, ืื• ืฉื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืืš ืงื•ืจืก ืžื“ื™ ืคืขื ืœืœื ืกื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”.

ืชืžื™ื›ื”

Linux 2000: ืื ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœืš ืœื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ, ืื– ื–ื”ื•, ื–ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ. ื‘ืงืฉืช ืขื–ืจื” ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ืš ืจืง ืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื ืกื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœืš ืœืžื ื•ืข ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ื•ื™ืงืจืื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.

ืืคืœ 2019: ืื ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœืš ืœื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ, ืื– ื–ื”ื•, ื–ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ. ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืœืชืžื™ื›ื” ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ืช ืœืขื–ืจื” ืจืง ืชื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื ืกื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœืš ืœืžื ื•ืข ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ื•ืงืจืื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.

ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื

Linux 2000: ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื ื™ื™ื“ ืขื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืชื™ ื™ืฆื™ืื•ืช USB.

ืืคืœ 2019: ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื ื™ื™ื“ ืขื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืชื™ ื™ืฆื™ืื•ืช USB.

ืื”ื‘ื” ืขื“ ืžื•ื•ืช

ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก 2000: ืžืขืจื™ืฆื™ ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื›ื ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื‘ืžื•ืงื“ื ืื• ื‘ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื”ื™ื ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื. ื”ืžืขืจื™ืฆื™ื ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ื’ื™ืงื™ื ื™ื”ื™ืจื™ื.

ืืคืœ 2019: ืžืขืจื™ืฆื™ ืืคืœ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื›ื ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื‘ืžื•ืงื“ื ืื• ื‘ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื”ื™ื ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื. ื”ืžืขืจื™ืฆื™ื ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ ื”ื™ืคืกื˜ืจ ื™ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืขื ืœืื˜ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื.

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ื”ื•ืกืคืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”