ãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã° ã·ã¹ãã ã¯çŸä»£ç£æ¥ã®åºç€ã§ãã äžæ¹ã§ããããã¯è²ŽéãªãµãŒã㌠ãªãœãŒã¹ãæ¶è²»ããããæçšãªãã®ã«è²»ãããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã äžæ¹ããªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã° ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãµãŒã㌠ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®ãªãŒã±ã¹ãã¬ãŒã¿ãŒãšããŠæ©èœããã·ã³ã°ã«ã¿ã¹ã¯ã®ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã° ã·ã¹ãã ããã«ãã¿ã¹ã¯ã®ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã«å€ããããšãã§ãããŸãããã¹ãŠã®é¢ä¿è
ãšæ©åšãšã®å¯Ÿè©±ã容æã«ããŸãã çŸåšããµãŒã㌠ãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã° ã·ã¹ãã ã®äž»ãªäž»æµã¯ãWindows Server ãšããŸããŸãªçš®é¡ã® Linux ãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã§ãã ãããã®ãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã° ã·ã¹ãã ã«ã¯ãããããç¬èªã®é·æãçæãããã³ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®ããããªåéããããŸãã ä»æ¥ã¯ããµãŒããŒã«ä»å±ããã·ã¹ãã ã«ã€ããŠç°¡åã«èª¬æããŸãã
Windows Serverã®
ãã®ãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã° ã·ã¹ãã ã¯äŒæ¥ã»ã°ã¡ã³ãã§éåžžã«äººæ°ããããŸãããã»ãšãã©ã®äžè¬ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯ Windows ãšããã° PC ã®ãã¹ã¯ããã ããŒãžã§ã³ã®ã¿ãé£æ³ããŸãã ãµããŒãã«å¿ èŠãªã¿ã¹ã¯ãšã€ã³ãã©ã¹ãã©ã¯ãã£ã«å¿ããŠãäŒæ¥ã¯çŸåšãWindows Server 2003 ããææ°ããŒãžã§ã³ã® Windows Server 2019 ãŸã§ãè€æ°ã®ããŒãžã§ã³ã® Windows Server ãéçšããŠããŸããåœç€Ÿã¯ããªã¹ããããŠãããã¹ãŠã®ãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã° ã·ã¹ãã ãæèŒãããµãŒããŒãæäŸããŠããŸãã Windows Server 2003ã2008 R2ã2016ã2019ã
Windows Server 2003 ã¯ã䞻㫠Windows XP äžã«æ§ç¯ãããäŒæ¥ã·ã¹ãã ãšãããã¯ãŒã¯ããµããŒãããããã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã é©ãã¹ãããšã«ãçŽ 2008 幎åã«å»æ¢ããããã¹ã¯ããã OS ã® Microsoft ããŒãžã§ã³ã¯ãäžåºŠã«å€ãã®ç¬èªã®è£œåãœãããŠã§ã¢ãäžåºŠã«äœæãããããããŸã 䜿çšãããŠããŸãã Windows Server 2 R2016 ããã³ Windows Server XNUMX ã«ã€ããŠãåæ§ã§ãããããã¯å€ããœãããŠã§ã¢ãšæãäºææ§ããããããçŸåšã§ã䜿çšãããŠããŸãã
Windows ãå®è¡ãããµãŒããŒã®äž»ãªå©ç¹ã¯ã管çãæ¯èŒç容æã§ããããšãæ
å ±ãããã¥ã¢ã«ãããã³ãœãããŠã§ã¢ã®ããªã倧ããªå±€ãããããšã§ãã ããã«ãäŒç€Ÿã®ãšã³ã·ã¹ãã ã« Microsoft ã·ã¹ãã ã®ã©ã€ãã©ãªãã«ãŒãã«ã®äžéšã䜿çšãããœãããŠã§ã¢ããœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ãå«ãŸããŠããå Žåã¯ãWindows ãµãŒããŒãªãã§ã¯ãã£ãŠãããŸããã ãŸãããµãŒã㌠ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãžã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒ ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãšã·ã¹ãã å
šäœã®å€çšéæ§ã®ããã« RDP ãã¯ãããžãè¿œå ããããšãã§ããŸãã ããã«ãWindows Server ã«ã¯ãLinux ãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®ã¬ãã«ã§ãªãœãŒã¹ãæ¶è²»ãã GUI ã®ãªã軜éããŒãžã§ã³ - Windows Server Core ããããŸãã
Winserver ã®æ¬ ç¹ã«ã¯ãã©ã€ã»ã³ã¹ ã³ã¹ããšãªãœãŒã¹æ¶è²»ãšãã XNUMX ã€ã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãå«ãŸããŸãã ãã¹ãŠã®ãµãŒã㌠ãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã° ã·ã¹ãã ã®äžã§ãWindows Server ã¯æãé»åãæ¶è²»ããã³ã¢ ãµãŒãã¹ãšæšæºãµãŒãã¹ãåäœããããã ãã«ãå°ãªããšã XNUMX ã€ã®ããã»ããµ ã³ã¢ãš XNUMX ïœ XNUMX ã®ã¬ãã€ãã® RAM ãå¿ èŠãšããŸãã ãã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯äœé»åæ§æã«ã¯é©ããŠããããRDPãã°ã«ãŒãããã³ãŠãŒã¶ãŒ ããªã·ãŒã«é¢é£ããå€æ°ã®è匱æ§ããããŸãã
ã»ãšãã©ã®å ŽåãWindows Server ã¯ãäŒæ¥ã®ã€ã³ãã©ãããã管çããç¹å®ã®ãœãããŠã§ã¢ãMSSQL ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ãASP.NET ããŒã«ããŸã㯠Windows å°çšã«äœæããããã®ä»ã®ãœãããŠã§ã¢ã®æ©èœãä¿èšŒããããšãç®çãšããŠããŸãã åæã«ãããã¯äŸç¶ãšããŠãã«ãŒãã£ã³ã°ãå±éããããDNS ããã®ä»ã®ãµãŒãã¹ãæ§ç¯ãããã§ããæ¬æ Œç㪠OS ã§ãã
Ubuntu
Ubuntu ã¯ã2004 幎ã«åããŠãªãªãŒã¹ããã Linux ãã¡ããªãŒã®äžã§æã人æ°ããããçå®ã«æé·ããŠãããã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã® 18.04 ã€ã§ãã ãã€ãŠã¯ Gnome ã·ã§ã«ã®ã䞻婊ã®é Œããã§ãããããã®åºç¯ãªã³ãã¥ããã£ãšç¶ç¶çãªéçºã«ãããæéã®çµéãšãšãã« Ubuntu ãããã©ã«ãã®ãµãŒã㌠OS ã«ãªããŸããã ææ°ã®äžè¬çãªããŒãžã§ã³ã¯ 16.04 ã§ãããåœç€Ÿã§ã¯ XNUMX çšã®ãµãŒããŒãæäŸããŠãããçŽ XNUMX é±éåã«
Windows Server ãç¹å®ã® Windows æåã®ãœãããŠã§ã¢ããµããŒããã OS ãšããŠäœ¿çšãããå ŽåãLinux ãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ãšããŠã® Ubuntu ã¯ãªãŒãã³ãœãŒã¹ãš Web éçºã«é¢ãã話ã«ãªããŸãã ãããã£ãŠã(Microsoft IIS ã§ã¯ãªã) Nginx ãŸã㯠Apache 㧠Web ãµãŒããŒããã¹ãããPostgreSQL ã MySQLããŸãã¯çŸåšäžè¬çãªã¹ã¯ãªããéçºèšèªãšé£æºããããã«äœ¿çšãããã®ã¯ãLinux ãµãŒããŒã§ãã ã«ãŒãã£ã³ã°ããã³ãã©ãã£ãã¯ç®¡çãµãŒãã¹ã Ubuntu ãµãŒããŒã«å®å šã«é©åããŸãã
å©ç¹ãšããŠã¯ãWindows Server ããããªãœãŒã¹æ¶è²»ãå°ãªãããšããã¹ãŠã® Unix ã·ã¹ãã ã®ã³ã³ãœãŒã«ããã³ããã±ãŒãž ãããŒãžã£ãŒã§ãã€ãã£ãã«åäœããããšãæããããŸãã ããã«ãUbuntu ã¯åœåããã¹ã¯ããã ããŒã Unixãã§ãã£ããããéåžžã«äœ¿ããããã管çã容æã«ãªããŸããã
äž»ãªæ¬ ç¹ã¯ãããã瀺åãããã¹ãŠã®ç¹ã§ Unix ã§ãã Ubuntu ã¯ãã¬ã³ããªãŒãããããŸããããããã¯ä»ã® Linux ã·ã¹ãã ãšæ¯èŒããå Žåã«ãããŸããã ãããã£ãŠãç¹ã«å®å šãªãµãŒããŒæ§æã§ãã€ãŸã端æ«ã®ã¿ã䜿çšããŠãããæäœããã«ã¯ãç¹å®ã®ã¹ãã«ãå¿ èŠã§ãã ããã«ãUbuntu ã¯å人ã§ã®äœ¿çšã«éç¹ã眮ããŠãããäŒæ¥ã®ã±ãŒã¹ã®è§£æ±ºã«ã¯å¿ ãããé©ããŠãããšã¯éããŸããã
Debianã®
Debian ããåã«è¿°ã¹ãéåžžã«äººæ°ã®ãã Ubuntu ã®ç¥å ã§ããããšã¯ç®èãªããšã§ãã Debian ã®æåã®ãã«ã㯠25 幎以äžåã® 1994 幎ã«å ¬éãããUbuntu ã®åºç€ã圢æããã®ã¯ Debian ã³ãŒãã§ããã å®éãDebian 㯠Linux ã·ã¹ãã ãã¡ããªã®äžã§æãå€ããã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã® XNUMX ã€ã§ãããšåæã«ãããŒãã³ã¢ãªãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã§ããããŸãã Ubuntu ã«ã¯å€ãã®é¡äŒŒç¹ãããã«ããããããããã®ãåŸç¶ããšã¯ç°ãªããDebian ã¯ä»¥åã®ã·ã¹ãã ãšåãã¬ãã«ã®äœ¿ãããããåŸãããšãã§ããŸããã§ããã ãã ããããã«ã¯å©ç¹ããããŸãã Debian 㯠Ubuntu ãããæè»æ§ãããããã詳现ã«æ§æã§ããäŒæ¥ã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ãå«ãå€ãã®ç¹å®ã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ãããå¹ççã«è§£æ±ºã§ããŸãã
Debian ã®äž»ãªå©ç¹ã¯ãUbuntuãç¹ã« Windows ãšæ¯èŒããŠãã»ãã¥ãªãã£ãšå®å®æ§ãåªããŠããããšã§ãã ãããŠãã¡ãããä»ã® Linux ã·ã¹ãã ãšåæ§ã«ãç¹ã«ã¿ãŒããã«ãå®è¡ãããµãŒã㌠OS ã®åœ¢åŒã§ã¯ããªãœãŒã¹æ¶è²»ãäœããªããŸãã ããã«ãDebian ã³ãã¥ããã£ã¯ãªãŒãã³ãœãŒã¹ã§ããããããã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯äž»ã«ç¡æã®ãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ãæ£ããå¹ççã«æ©èœãããããšã«éç¹ã眮ããŠããŸãã
ãã ããæè»æ§ã匷åããã»ãã¥ãªãã£ã«ã¯ä»£åã䌎ããŸãã Debian ã¯ãªãŒãã³ãœãŒã¹ ã³ãã¥ããã£ã«ãã£ãŠéçºãããŠãããæ確ãªã³ã¢ã¯ãªãããã©ã³ã ãã¹ã¿ãŒ ã·ã¹ãã ãéããŠããããæå³ãããã¹ãŠãåããŠããŸãã ããæç¹ã§ã¯ãDebian ã«ã¯å®å®çãäžå®å®çããã¹ãçã® XNUMX ã€ã®ããŒãžã§ã³ããããŸãã åé¡ã¯ãå®å®ããéçºãã©ã³ãããã¹ã ãã©ã³ãããå€§å¹ ã«é ããŠããããšã§ããã€ãŸããã«ãŒãã«å ã«å€ãããŒããã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ãååšããããšããããããŸãã ããããã¹ãŠã«ãããã«ãŒãã«ã®æååæ§ç¯ãå¿ èŠã«ãªãããã¿ã¹ã¯ã Debian ã®å®å®çã®æ©èœãè¶ ããå Žåã«ã¯ãã¹ã ãã©ã³ããžã®ç§»è¡ãå¿ èŠã«ãªããŸãã Ubuntu ã§ã¯ãããŒãžã§ã³ ãã¬ãŒã¯ã«é¢ãããã®ãããªåé¡ã¯çºçããŸãããUbuntu ã§ã¯ãéçºè ãã·ã¹ãã ã®å®å®ãã LTS ããŒãžã§ã³ã XNUMX 幎ããšã«ãªãªãŒã¹ããŸãã
CentOSã®
ããŠãCentOS äžã® RUVDS ãµãŒã㌠ãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã° ã·ã¹ãã ã«é¢ããäŒè©±ã¯ããã§çµããã«ããŸãããã ãã倧èŠæš¡ãª Ubuntuãç¹ã« Debian ãšæ¯èŒãããšãCentOS ã¯ãã£ãŒã³ãšã€ãžã£ãŒã®ããã«èŠããŸãã ãã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãDebian ã Ubuntu ãšåæ§ãããã»ã©æã«ã¯å€§è¡ã®éã§æ®åããŸããã§ããããæåã®ããŒãžã§ã³ã®ãªãªãŒã¹ã¯ Ubuntu ãšåæã«ãã€ãŸã 2004 幎ã«è¡ãããŸããã
CentOS ã¯ãUbuntu ã Debian ãããããã«ãªãœãŒã¹èŠæ±ãå°ãªããããäž»ã«ä»®æ³ãµãŒããŒã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã ãã® OS ã® 7.6.1810 ã€ã®ããŒãžã§ã³ (CentOS 7.2.1510 ãšå€ã CentOS XNUMX) ãå®è¡ããæ§æãåºè·ãããŸãã äž»ãªäœ¿çšäŸã¯äŒæ¥æ¥åã§ãã CentOS ã¯ä»äºã«é¢ãã話ã§ãã ããšãã° Ubuntu ã®å Žåã®ããã«ã家åºçšã·ã¹ãã ã§ã¯æ±ºããŠãªããCentOS ã¯ããã«ãªãŒãã³ ãœãŒã¹ ã³ãŒãã«åºã¥ãã RedHat ã®ãããªãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ãšããŠéçºãããŸããã ãã㯠RedHat ããã®éºç£ã§ãããäŒæ¥ã®åé¡ã®è§£æ±ºãå®å®æ§ãã»ãã¥ãªãã£ã«éç¹ã眮ããšãã CentOS ã®äž»ãªå©ç¹ããããããŠããŸãã ãã®ã·ã¹ãã ã䜿çšããæãäžè¬çãªã·ããªãªã¯ Web ãã¹ãã£ã³ã°ã§ãããCentOS ã¯ä»ã® Linux ãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ãããåªããçµæã瀺ããŸãã
ãã ãããã®ã·ã¹ãã ã«ã¯å€ãã®æ¬ ç¹ããããŸãã Ubuntu ãããéçºãšæŽæ°ã®ãµã€ã¯ã«ãå¶éãããŠãããããããæç¹ã§ãä»ã®ãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã§ãã§ã«è§£æ±ºãããŠããè匱æ§ãåé¡ãææ ¢ããªããã°ãªããªãããšã«ãªããŸãã ã³ã³ããŒãã³ããæŽæ°ããã³ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ããããã®ã·ã¹ãã ãç°ãªããŸããapt-get ã¯äœ¿çšããããyum ããã³ RPM ããã±ãŒãžã®ã¿ã䜿çšãããŸãã ãŸããCentOS ã¯ãDocker/k8s ã³ã³ãã ãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®ãã¹ãã£ã³ã°ãæäœã«ã¯ããŸãé©ããŠããŸããããã®å ŽåãUbuntu ã Debian ã®æ¹ãæããã«åªããŠããŸãã è¿å¹ŽãDevOps ç°å¢ã§ã¯ã³ã³ããåã«ãã Web ãµãŒããŒãšã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®ä»®æ³åãå¢ããå¢ããŠãããããåŸè ã¯éèŠã§ãã ãããŠãã¡ãããCentOS ã®ã³ãã¥ããã£ã¯ããã人æ°ã®ãã Debian ã Ubuntu ã«æ¯ã¹ãŠã¯ããã«å°ããã§ãã
åºåã®ä»£ããã«
ã芧ã®ãšãããã©ã® OS ã«ãé·æãšçæããããç¬èªã®ãããåžå ŽãååšããŸãã Windows ãå®è¡ããŠãããµãŒããŒã¯ç¬ç«ããŠããŸããããã°ãMicrosoft ç°å¢ã«ã¯ç¬èªã®é°å²æ°ãšéçšã«ãŒã«ããããŸãã
ãã¹ãŠã® Linux ãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¯ããªãœãŒã¹æ¶è²»ã®ç¹ã§ã¯äŒŒãŠããŸãããå®è¡äžã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ã«å¿ããŠãç¬èªã®åºæã®æ©èœãšçžéç¹ããããŸãã Ubuntu ã¯äœ¿ãããããDebian ã¯ãã现ããèšå®ãããŠããŸãã CentOS ã¯ææã® RedHat ã®ä»£æ¿ãšããŠæ©èœããŸããããã¯ãUNIX ããŒãžã§ã³ã®æ¬æ ŒçãªäŒæ¥ OS ãå¿
èŠãªå Žåã«éèŠã§ãã ãããåæã«ãã³ã³ããåãšã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®ä»®æ³åã«é¢ããŠã¯åŒ±ç¹ãããããããã®å Žåã§ããåŒç€Ÿã®ã¹ãã·ã£ãªã¹ãã«ãé£çµ¡ããã ããã°ãã客æ§ã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ã«åºã¥ããŠå¿
èŠãªãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ãšæ§æãéžæããããŸãã
ç»é²ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã®ã¿ãã¢ã³ã±ãŒãã«åå ã§ããŸãã
èªè ã®çæ§ãã©ã®ãµãŒã㌠OS ãæé©ã ãšæããŸãã?
-
èŠèŽè ã®ïŒïŒ%ãWindowsãµãŒããŒ119
-
èŠèŽè ã®ïŒïŒ%ãããã¢ã³171
-
èŠèŽè ã®ïŒïŒ%ãubuntu210
-
èŠèŽè ã®ïŒïŒ%ãCentOS181
520 人ã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒãæ祚ããŸããã 102åã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒãæ£æš©ããã
åºæïŒ habr.com