🥇Prometheus: Pemantauan HTTP liwat eksportir Blackbox

Halo kabeh. Ing Mei OTUS diluncurake workshop babagan ngawasi lan logging, infrastruktur lan aplikasi nggunakake Zabbix, Prometheus, Grafana lan ELK. Ing babagan iki, kita biasane nuduhake materi sing migunani babagan topik kasebut.

Eksportir kothak ireng kanggo Prometheus ngijini sampeyan kanggo ngleksanakake ngawasi layanan njaba liwat HTTP, HTTPS, DNS, TCP, ICMP. Ing artikel iki, aku bakal nuduhake sampeyan carane nyiyapake pemantauan HTTP / HTTPS nggunakake eksportir Blackbox. Kita bakal miwiti eksportir Blackbox ing Kubernetes.

Lingkungan

Kita bakal mbutuhake ing ngisor iki:

Kubernetes
Operator Prometheus

Konfigurasi kothak ireng eksportir

Konfigurasi Blackbox liwat ConfigMap kanggo setelan http modul monitoring layanan web.

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
data:
  blackbox.yaml: |
    modules:
      http_2xx:
        http:
          no_follow_redirects: false
          preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
          valid_http_versions:
          - HTTP/1.1
          - HTTP/2
          valid_status_codes: []
        prober: http
        timeout: 5s

Modul http_2xx digunakake kanggo mriksa manawa layanan web ngasilake kode status HTTP 2xx. Konfigurasi eksportir blackbox diterangake luwih rinci ing dokumentasi.

Nganggo eksportir blackbox menyang kluster Kubernetes

Nggambarake Deployment и Service kanggo penyebaran ing Kubernetes.

---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 9115
      protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter

---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
    spec:
      restartPolicy: Always
      containers:
        - name: blackbox-exporter
          image: "prom/blackbox-exporter:v0.15.1"
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          securityContext:
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsNonRoot: true
            runAsUser: 1000
          args:
            - "--config.file=/config/blackbox.yaml"
          resources:
            {}
          ports:
            - containerPort: 9115
              name: http
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /health
              port: http
          readinessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /health
              port: http
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /config
              name: config
        - name: configmap-reload
          image: "jimmidyson/configmap-reload:v0.2.2"
          imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
          securityContext:
            runAsNonRoot: true
            runAsUser: 65534
          args:
            - --volume-dir=/etc/config
            - --webhook-url=http://localhost:9115/-/reload
          resources:
            {}
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /etc/config
              name: config
              readOnly: true
      volumes:
        - name: config
          configMap:
            name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter

Blackbox exporter bisa disebarake nggunakake printah ing ngisor iki. Ruang jeneng monitoring nuduhake Prometheus Operator.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f blackbox-exporter.yaml

Priksa manawa kabeh layanan mlaku nggunakake printah ing ngisor iki:

kubectl --namespace=monitoring get all --selector=app=prometheus-blackbox-exporter

Priksa kothak ireng

Sampeyan bisa ngakses antarmuka web eksportir Blackbox nggunakake port-forward:

kubectl --namespace=monitoring port-forward svc/prometheus-blackbox-exporter 9115:9115

Nyambung menyang antarmuka web eksportir Blackbox liwat browser web ing localhost: 9115.

Yen sampeyan menyang alamat http://localhost:9115/probe?module=http_2xx&target=https://www.google.com, sampeyan bakal weruh asil mriksa URL sing ditemtokake (https://www.google.com).

Nilai metrik probe_success witjaksono kanggo 1 tegese mriksa sukses. Nilai 0 nuduhake kesalahan.

Nggawe Prometheus

Sawise masang eksportir BlackBox, kita ngatur Prometheus ing prometheus-additional.yaml.

- job_name: 'kube-api-blackbox'
  scrape_interval: 1w
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [http_2xx]
  static_configs:
   - targets:
      - https://www.google.com
      - http://www.example.com
      - https://prometheus.io
  relabel_configs:
   - source_labels: [__address__]
     target_label: __param_target
   - source_labels: [__param_target]
     target_label: instance
   - target_label: __address__
     replacement: prometheus-blackbox-exporter:9115 # The blackbox exporter.

We generate Secretnggunakake printah ing ngisor iki.

PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG=$(cat prometheus-additional.yaml | base64)
cat << EOF | kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: additional-scrape-configs
type: Opaque
data:
  prometheus-additional.yaml: $PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG
EOF

Indikasi additional-scrape-configs kanggo Prometheus Operator nggunakake additionalScrapeConfigs.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheuses k8s
...
spec:
  additionalScrapeConfigs:
    key: prometheus-additional.yaml
    name: additional-scrape-configs

Kita menyang antarmuka web Prometheus lan mriksa metrik lan gol.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring port-forward svc/prometheus-k8s 9090:9090

Kita ndeleng metrik lan tujuan Blackbox.

Nambahake aturan kanggo kabar (tandha)

Kanggo nampa kabar saka eksportir Blackbox, kita bakal nambah aturan kanggo Prometheus Operator.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheusrules prometheus-k8s-rules
...
  - name: blackbox-exporter
    rules:
    - alert: ProbeFailed
      expr: probe_success == 0
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "Probe failed (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Probe failedn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SlowProbe
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Slow probe (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Blackbox probe took more than 1s to completen  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: HttpStatusCode
      expr: probe_http_status_code <= 199 OR probe_http_status_code >= 400
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "HTTP Status Code (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "HTTP status code is not 200-399n  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SslCertificateWillExpireSoon
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry - time() < 86400 * 30
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "SSL certificate will expire soon (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "SSL certificate expires in 30 daysn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SslCertificateHasExpired
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry - time()  <= 0
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "SSL certificate has expired (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "SSL certificate has expired alreadyn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: HttpSlowRequests
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_http_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "HTTP slow requests (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "HTTP request took more than 1sn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SlowPing
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_icmp_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Slow ping (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Blackbox ping took more than 1sn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"

Ing antarmuka web Prometheus, pindhah menyang Status => Aturan lan temokake aturan tandha kanggo blackbox-exporter.

Konfigurasi Kubernetes API Server SSL Certificate Kadaluwarsa Notifikasi

Ayo konfigurasi ngawasi kadaluwarsa sertifikat SSL Server API Kubernetes. Bakal ngirim kabar sepisan seminggu.

Nambahake modul eksportir Blackbox kanggo Kubernetes API Server Authentication.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit configmap prometheus-blackbox-exporter
...
      kube-api:
        http:
          method: GET
          no_follow_redirects: false
          preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
          tls_config:
            insecure_skip_verify: false
            ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
          bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
          valid_http_versions:
          - HTTP/1.1
          - HTTP/2
          valid_status_codes: []
        prober: http
        timeout: 5s

Nambahake konfigurasi scrape Prometheus

- job_name: 'kube-api-blackbox'
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [kube-api]
  static_configs:
   - targets:
      - https://kubernetes.default.svc/api
  relabel_configs:
   - source_labels: [__address__]
     target_label: __param_target
   - source_labels: [__param_target]
     target_label: instance
   - target_label: __address__
     replacement: prometheus-blackbox-exporter:9115 # The blackbox exporter.

Trèn migunakaké Prometheus Secret

PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG=$(cat prometheus-additional.yaml | base64)
cat << EOF | kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: additional-scrape-configs
type: Opaque
data:
  prometheus-additional.yaml: $PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG
EOF

Nambahake aturan tandha

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheusrules prometheus-k8s-rules
...
  - name: k8s-api-server-cert-expiry
    rules:
    - alert: K8sAPIServerSSLCertExpiringAfterThreeMonths
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry{job="kube-api-blackbox"} - time() < 86400 * 90 
      for: 1w
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Kubernetes API Server SSL certificate will expire after three months (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Kubernetes API Server SSL certificate expires in 90 daysn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"

link migunani

Ngawasi lan mlebu ing Docker

Source: www.habr.com

Prometheus: Ngawasi HTTP liwat eksportir Blackbox