ααΆαααααααα’ααααααααααΆααααα
ααααααΆαααα·αααα·ααααααα·ααααΆ
αα αααα»αα’αααααααα αααα»αααΉαααααΆαα’αααααΈααα αΆααααα»αααΆαααα‘αΎααααΆαααΈααα DNS αα ααΎ RHEL 7 α¬ CentOS 7 α αααα»αααΆαααααΎ Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.4 αααααΆααααΆααααα αΆαα ααααα ααααααΎαααΊααΎααααΈαααααΎααααααααααΆ A αα·ααααααααααΆ PTR αα½ααααααΆαααααααααααΎααα αα»α αα·ααααα αααΆααααααααΆα
ααααΌαααα‘αΎααααα αα rpm α αΆαααΆα ααααααΆαααααΆαααΈααα DNS α
α
αααΆαα αααααΆαα RHEL α’αααααααΌαααααΆα
# yum install bind bind-chroot caching-nameserver
ααΆαααααααααααααα»αα
# hostname
golinuxhub-client.example
ΠΠΎΠΉ IP-Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ 192.168.1.7
# ip address | egrep 'inet.*enp0s3'
inet 192.168.1.7/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic enp0s3
αααααΆαααΎαααΉαααααΎ chroot ααΎαααααΌααα·αααααΆααααα
# systemctl stop named
# systemctl disable named
αααααΆααααα
ααααα―αααΆααααααααΌαααΆααα
αααα»ααα chroot α
α
αααΆαα ααααΎα’αΆαα»ααααα -p αα
αααα»ααααα»ααα½αα cp ααΎααααΈαααααΆαα·αααα· αα·αααα
αΆααα
[root@golinuxhub-client ~]# cp -rpvf /usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/etc/* /var/named/chroot/etc/
β/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/etc/named.confβ -> β/var/named/chroot/etc/named.confβ
β/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/etc/named.rfc1912.zonesβ -> β/var/named/chroot/etc/named.rfc1912.zonesβ
αααααΆααααα ααααα―αααΆααααααααΆααααΆαα½αααααααα ααΈααΆααααααΈα
[root@golinuxhub-client ~]# cp -rpvf /usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/* /var/named/chroot/var/named/
β/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/dataβ -> β/var/named/chroot/var/named/dataβ
β/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/my.external.zone.dbβ -> β/var/named/chroot/var/named/my.external.zone.dbβ
β/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/my.internal.zone.dbβ -> β/var/named/chroot/var/named/my.internal.zone.dbβ
β/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/named.caβ -> β/var/named/chroot/var/named/named.caβ
β/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/named.emptyβ -> β/var/named/chroot/var/named/named.emptyβ
β/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/named.localhostβ -> β/var/named/chroot/var/named/named.localhostβ
β/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/named.loopbackβ -> β/var/named/chroot/var/named/named.loopbackβ
β/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/slavesβ -> β/var/named/chroot/var/named/slavesβ
β/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/slaves/my.ddns.internal.zone.dbβ -> β/var/named/chroot/var/named/slaves/my.ddns.internal.zone.dbβ
β/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/slaves/my.slave.internal.zone.dbβ -> β/var/named/chroot/var/named/slaves/my.slave.internal.zone.dbβ
```bash
Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΠΉΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ» ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.
```bash
# cd /var/named/chroot/etc/
αααααααΆαα·ααΆαα name.conf α αΎααα·αααααΆααααΆααααααα
[root@golinuxhub-client etc]# vim named.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; any; };
# listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
allow-query { localhost; any; };
allow-query-cache { localhost; any; };
};
logging {
channel default_debug {
file "data/named.run";
severity dynamic;
};
};
view my_resolver {
match-clients { localhost; any; };
recursion yes;
include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
};
ααααααΆαααΆααααΆαααααααααααααΌααααααααααα /var/named/chroot/etc/named.rfc1912.zones. ααααααααΆαα»ααΆααααααα α―αααΆα example.zone ααΊααΆα―αααΆααααααααααΎααα αα»α αα·α example.rzone - α―αααΆαααααααααα αααΆαα
α αααΆαααααΆααα αααααααααΎααααα αααΆαααΆα 1.168.192 αααααα’αΆααααααΆα IP αααααααα»αααΊ 192.168.1.7
zone "example" IN {
type master;
file "example.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "example.rzone";
allow-update { none; };
};
α―αααΆααααααααΆααααΆαα½ααααααααΆαααΈααΆαααα ααΈαααα
# cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/
αααααΆαα ααΎαααΉααααααΎαα―αααΆααααααΆααααααααα αα»α αα·ααααα αααΆαα αααααα―αααΆαααΉαααΌα ααααΆααΉαααΆαααΎαα αααα»αα―αααΆα ααΆαααααα.rfc1912.zones. ααΎαβααΆαβααααΌβααααΆαααΎαβαα½αβα ααα½αβαα½α βα αΎαβαααβααΎαβα’αΆα βααααΎβααΆαα
# cp -p named.localhost example.zone
# cp -p named.loopback example.rzone
ααΌα αααα’αααα’αΆα ααΎαααΎα ααΆαα’αα»ααααΆααα αα α»αααααααα ααΎα―αααΆα αα·αααααΆααα’ααααΆαααααα·αααα· ααΆ root.
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# ll
total 32
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 22 2017 data
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 168 May 22 2017 example.rzone
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 152 May 22 2017 example.zone
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 56 May 22 2017 my.external.zone.db
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 56 May 22 2017 my.internal.zone.db
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2281 May 22 2017 named.ca
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 152 May 22 2017 named.empty
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 152 May 22 2017 named.localhost
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 168 May 22 2017 named.loopback
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 71 Feb 12 21:02 slaves
ααααΆααααααΌαααΆαα’αα»ααααΆαααα―αααΆαααΆααα’ααααΎααααΈα ααα’α»ααααα αΆαα’αααααααΎααααΆααααΆααΆααα αΆαα ααΆ root αα·ααααα»α ααΆααααααα.
# chown root:named *
ααα»αααααααααΆαααα·αααααα ααα αΆααααααΌαααααΆ αααααα ααααα.
# chown -R named:named data
# ls -l
total 32
drwxr-xr-x. 2 named named 6 May 22 2017 data
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 168 May 22 2017 example.rzone
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 152 May 22 2017 example.zone
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 56 May 22 2017 my.external.zone.db
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 56 May 22 2017 my.internal.zone.db
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 2281 May 22 2017 named.ca
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 152 May 22 2017 named.empty
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 152 May 22 2017 named.localhost
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 168 May 22 2017 named.loopback
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root named 71 Feb 12 21:02 slaves
ααααααααΆαα·ααΆααΆαααααααα α―αααΆαααααααααααΌαααααααααα’αααα αα ααΈαααααΎααααααΎααααααααααΆ A αααααΆαα localhost (golinuxhub-client) αα·ααα½αααααααααΆαα server (golinuxhub-server)α
# vim example.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA example. root (
1 ; serial
3H ; refresh
15M ; retry
1W ; expire
1D ) ; minimum
IN NS example.
IN A 192.168.1.7
golinuxhub-server IN A 192.168.1.5
golinuxhub-client IN A 192.169.1.7
αααααΆααααααααααααΆαα·ααΆαα α―αααΆαααααααααα αααΆαα αα ααΈαααααΎααααααΎααααααααααΆ PTR αααααΆαα golinuxhub-client αα·ααααααΆαα golinuxhub-server α
# vim example.rzone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA example. root.example. (
1997022700 ; serial
28800 ; refresh
14400 ; retry
3600000 ; expire
86400 ) ; minimum
IN NS example.
5 IN PTR golinuxhub-server.example.
7 IN PTR golinuxhub-client.example.
αα»ααααααΎαα αΆααααααΎαααααΆαααα ααΆαααααα-chrootααΌααα·αα·αααααΎαααΆαααααααα ααΆααααααααααα―αααΆααααααα
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# named-checkzone golinuxhub-client.example example.zone
zone golinuxhub-client.example/IN: loaded serial 1
OK
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# named-checkzone golinuxhub-client.example example.rzone
zone golinuxhub-client.example/IN: loaded serial 1997022700
OK
α’αααΈααααααααΆαααΎααα ααα’α α₯α‘αΌααα·αα·αααααΎαα―αααΆαααααααα ααΆαααααααααααααααΎααΆααααααααΆααΆααααααα
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# named-checkconf -t /var/named/chroot/ /etc/named.conf
ααΌα ααααα αΎα α’αααΈαααααΌαααΆααααα αααααααααααα
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# echo $?
0
α αααΆαααααΆααα αααα»αααΆα SELinux αα αααα»αααααα’αα»ααααΆα
# getenforce
Permissive
α’αααΈαααΎααα ααα’ ααΌα ααααααΆααααααα αΆααααααΎαααααΆααααααααααΎαα ααΆαααααα-chroot .
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# systemctl restart named-chroot
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# systemctl status named-chroot
β named-chroot.service - Berkeley Internet Name Domain (DNS)
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/named-chroot.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2018-02-12 21:53:23 IST; 19s ago
Process: 5236 ExecStop=/bin/sh -c /usr/sbin/rndc stop > /dev/null 2>&1 || /bin/kill -TERM $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 5327 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/named -u named -c ${NAMEDCONF} -t /var/named/chroot $OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 5325 ExecStartPre=/bin/bash -c if [ ! "$DISABLE_ZONE_CHECKING" == "yes" ]; then /usr/sbin/named-checkconf -t /var/named/chroot -z "$NAMEDCONF"; else echo "Checking of zone files is disabled"; fi (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 5330 (named)
CGroup: /system.slice/named-chroot.service
ββ5330 /usr/sbin/named -u named -c /etc/named.conf -t /var/named/chroot
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: managed-keys-zone/my_resolver: loaded serial 0
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: zone 0.in-addr.arpa/IN/my_resolver: loaded serial 0
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: zone 1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa/IN/my_resolver: loaded serial 0
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: zone 1.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN/my_resolver: loaded serial 1997022700
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: zone example/IN/my_resolver: loaded serial 1
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: zone localhost/IN/my_resolver: loaded serial 0
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: zone 1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa/IN/my_resolver: loaded serial 0
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: zone localhost.localdomain/IN/my_resolver: loaded serial 0
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: all zones loaded
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: running
```bash
Π£Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ resolv.conf ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ Π²Π°Ρ IP-Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ DNS-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°.
```bash
# cat /etc/resolv.conf
search example
nameserver 192.168.1.7
```bash
ΠΠ°Π²Π°ΠΉΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠΌ Π½Π°Ρ DNS-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡ dig.
```bash
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# dig -x 192.168.1.5
; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-50.el7 <<>> -x 192.168.1.5
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 40331
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;5.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR
;; ANSWER SECTION:
5.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN PTR golinuxhub-server.example.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
1.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS example.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
example. 86400 IN A 192.168.1.7
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.1.7#53(192.168.1.7)
;; WHEN: Mon Feb 12 22:13:17 IST 2018
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 122
ααΌα αααα’αααα’αΆα ααΎαααΎα ααΎαααΆαααα½αααΆαααααΎαααααΆαα·αααααΆα (ANSWER) α ααααααααΎααααααΎα (QUERY)α
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# dig -x 192.168.1.7
; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-50.el7 <<>> -x 192.168.1.7
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 55804
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;7.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR
;; ANSWER SECTION:
7.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN PTR golinuxhub-client.example.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
1.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS example.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
example. 86400 IN A 192.168.1.7
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.1.7#53(192.168.1.7)
;; WHEN: Mon Feb 12 22:12:54 IST 2018
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 122
ααΎαα’αΆα αα·αα·αααααΎααααααααααΆααααΆαααααααΌα ααααΆα
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# nslookup golinuxhub-client.example
Server: 192.168.1.7
Address: 192.168.1.7#53
Name: golinuxhub-client.example
Address: 192.169.1.7
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# nslookup golinuxhub-server.example
Server: 192.168.1.7
Address: 192.168.1.7#53
Name: golinuxhub-server.example
Address: 192.168.1.5
α’ααααααααααΊα α½αααααααααα·α
ααΌα
αα
αααα»α RHEL 7 α’ααααααααααΌαααΆαα
ααααα―αααΆαααααααα
ααΆααααααααα
ααα
αααα»α chroot αααα αΎαα
ααααα: www.habr.com