Postfix 3.8.0 ๋ฉ”์ผ ์„œ๋ฒ„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ

14๊ฐœ์›”๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋์— Postfix ๋ฉ”์ผ ์„œ๋ฒ„์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฒ„์ „์ธ 3.8.0์ด ์ถœ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์‹œ์— 3.4๋…„ ์ดˆ์— ์ถœ์‹œ๋œ Postfix 2019์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์›์ด ์ค‘๋‹จ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Postfix๋Š” ๋†’์€ ๋ณด์•ˆ, ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ, ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•œ ๋ช‡ ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ, ์ž˜ ๊ณ ์•ˆ๋œ ์•„ํ‚คํ…์ฒ˜์™€ ์ฝ”๋“œ ํฌ๋งท ๋ฐ ํŒจ์น˜ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ์ •์ฑ… ๋•๋ถ„์— ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋Š” EPL 2.0(Eclipse Public License) ๋ฐ IPL 1.0(IBM Public License)์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐฐํฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

1์›”์— ์•ฝ 40๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์šฐํŽธ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌ์›์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์‹œ๋œ ์ž๋™ ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์„œ๋ฒ„Postfix๋Š” ๋ฉ”์ผ ์„œ๋ฒ„์˜ 33.18%(1๋…„ ์ „ 34.08%)์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, Exim์€ 60.27%(58.95%), Sendmail์€ 3.62%(3.58%), MailEnable์€ 1.86%(1.99%), MDaemon์€ 0.39%(0.52%), Microsoft Exchange๋Š” 0.19%(0.26%), OpenSMTPD๋Š” 0.06%(0.06%)๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ฃผ์š” ํ˜์‹ :

  • SMTP/LMTP ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ๋Š” ์ด์ œ DNS SRV ๋ ˆ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฉ”์ผ ์„œ๋ฒ„์˜ ํ˜ธ์ŠคํŠธ์™€ ํฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„œ๋ฒ„์ด๋Š” ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€ ์ „์†ก์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์„ค์ •์—์„œ "use_srv_lookup = submission" ๋ฐ "relayhost = example.com:submission"์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜๋ฉด SMTP ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ๋Š” ๋ฉ”์ผ ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ์›จ์ด์˜ ํ˜ธ์ŠคํŠธ์™€ ํฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜ธ์ŠคํŠธ _submission._tcp.example.com์˜ SRV ๋ ˆ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์š”์ฒญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ์ „์†ก์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ• ๋‹น๋˜๋Š” ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ํฌํŠธ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์„œ๋น„์Šค ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • SEED, IDEA, 3DES, RC2, RC4, RC5 ์•”ํ˜ธ, MD5 ํ•ด์‹œ, DH ๋ฐ ECDH ํ‚ค ๊ตํ™˜ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜์–ด TLS ์„ค์ •์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก์—์„œ ์ œ์™ธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ค์ •์—์„œ ์•”ํ˜ธ ์œ ํ˜• "export" ๋ฐ "low"๋ฅผ ์ง€์ •ํ•  ๋•Œ, OpenSSL 1.1.1์—์„œ "export" ๋ฐ "low" ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์›์ด ์ค‘๋‹จ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด์ œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” "medium" ์œ ํ˜•์ด ์„ค์ •๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • OpenSSL 1.3์œผ๋กœ ๋นŒ๋“œํ•  ๋•Œ TLS 3.0์—์„œ FFDHE(Finite-Field Diffie-Hellman Ephemeral) ๊ทธ๋ฃน ํ˜‘์ƒ ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์„ค์ • "tls_ffdhe_auto_groups"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๊ฐˆ์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด "smtpd_client_*_rate" ๋ฐ "smtpd_client_*_count" ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Š” ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๋ธ”๋ก ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์ง‘๊ณ„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ธ”๋ก ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” "smtpd_client_ipv4_prefix_length" ๋ฐ "smtpd_client_ipv6_prefix_length"(๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ฐ’ /32 ๋ฐ /84) ์ง€์นจ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ •๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ์ด๋ฏธ ์„ค์ •๋œ SMTP ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋‚ด์—์„œ TLS ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ ์žฌํ˜‘์ƒํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ์š”์ฒญ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ CPU์— ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • postconf ๋ช…๋ น์€ ์ด์ œ Postfix ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ํŒŒ์ผ์˜ ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ’ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋’ค์— ์ง€์ •๋œ ์ฃผ์„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ธ์‡„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • PostgreSQL์˜ ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ ์ธ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ํŒŒ์ผ์—์„œ "์ธ์ฝ”๋”ฉ" ์†์„ฑ์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ๊ณต๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(์ด์ „์—๋Š” "LATIN8" ์ธ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ฐ’์€ ์ด์ œ "UTF1"๋กœ ์„ค์ •๋จ).
  • postfix ๋ฐ postlog ๋ช…๋ น์€ ์ด์ œ stderr ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์ด ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด stderr์— ๋กœ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ์†Œ์Šค ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ "global/mkmap*.[hc]" ํŒŒ์ผ์€ "util" ๋””๋ ‰ํ† ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์ด๋™๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋ฉ”์ธ ๋””๋ ‰ํ† ๋ฆฌ์—๋Š” "global/mkmap_proxy.*" ํŒŒ์ผ๋งŒ ๋‚จ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ถœ์ฒ˜ : opennet.ru

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