{"id":123698,"date":"2025-04-28T15:05:08","date_gmt":"2025-04-28T13:05:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-openbsd-7-7"},"modified":"2025-04-28T15:05:08","modified_gmt":"2025-04-28T13:05:08","slug":"reliz-openbsd-7-7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/blog\/news\/reliz-openbsd-7-7","title":{"rendered":"OpenBSD 7.7 izlaidums","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ir laists br\u012bvas UNIX l\u012bdz\u012bgas oper\u0113t\u0101jsist\u0113mas OpenBSD 7.7 izdevums. OpenBSD projekts tika dibin\u0101ts 1995. gad\u0101, Theo de Raadt p\u0113c konfliktiem ar NetBSD izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem, kas rezult\u0113j\u0101s ar Theo piek\u013cuves sl\u0113g\u0161anu NetBSD CVS kr\u0101tuvei. P\u0113c tam Theo de Raadt kop\u0101 ar domubiedriem izveidoja jaunu atv\u0113rtas oper\u0113t\u0101jsist\u0113mu, pamatojoties uz NetBSD avota koku, kuras galvenie att\u012bst\u012bbas m\u0113r\u0137i ir p\u0101rnesam\u012bba (atbalsts 13 aparat\u016bras platform\u0101m), standartiz\u0101cija, prec\u012bza darb\u012bba, proakt\u012bva dro\u0161\u012bba un iek\u013cautie kriptogr\u0101fiskie r\u012bki. Pilna OpenBSD 7.7 pamatsist\u0113mas instal\u0101cijas ISO att\u0113la izm\u0113rs ir 746 MB.       <\/p>\n<p>Papildus pa\u0161ai oper\u0113t\u0101jsist\u0113mai projekts OpenBSD ir paz\u012bstams ar saviem komponentiem, kuri guvu\u0161i popularit\u0101ti cit\u0101s sist\u0113m\u0101s un ir pier\u0101d\u012bju\u0161i sevi k\u0101 vienus no visdro\u0161\u0101kajiem un kvalitat\u012bv\u0101kajiem risin\u0101jumiem. Starp tiem ir: LibreSSL (OpenSSL atzars), OpenSSH, pakalpojumu filtrs PF, mar\u0161rut\u0113\u0161anas d\u0113moni OpenBGPD un OpenOSPFD, NTP serveris OpenNTPD, pasta serveris OpenSMTPD, teksta termin\u0101la multiplikators (analogs GNU screen) tmux, identd d\u0113mons ar IDENT protokola realiz\u0101ciju, BSDL alternat\u012bva GNU groff paket\u0113 \u2014 mandoc, protokols augstpieejam\u012bbas sist\u0113mu organiz\u0113\u0161anai CARP (Common Address Redundancy Protocol), viegls http serveris, un OpenRSYNC failu sinhroniz\u0101cijas r\u012bks.    <\/p>\n<p>Galven\u0101s izmai\u0146as:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> DRM (Direct Rendering Manager) ietvaru \u012bsteno\u0161ana ir sinhroniz\u0113ta ar Linux 6.12.21 kodolu (iepriek\u0161\u0113j\u0101 laidien\u0101 - 6.6.52). Inteldrm draiver\u012b ir pievienota GPU atbalsts, ko izmanto Intel procesoros, kas balst\u012bti uz mikroarhitekt\u016bru Arrow Lake. Amdgpu draiver\u012b ir pievienots atbalsts GPU Ryzen AI 300 (Strix Point, Strix Halo, Krackan Point) un Radeon RX 9070 (Navi 48).\n<li class=\"l\"> ARM64 arhitekt\u016bras port\u0101 ir ieviests atbalsts vektora instrukciju kopumam SVE (Scalable Vector Extension). Sist\u0113m\u0101s ar Apple M1 ARM mikrosh\u0113m\u0101m tiek nodro\u0161in\u0101ta ener\u0123ijas pat\u0113ri\u0146a st\u0101vok\u013cu izvirz\u012b\u0161ana. Fizisk\u0101s atmi\u0146as lapu map\u0113\u0161anas meh\u0101nism\u0101 (pmap, physical mapping) ir optimiz\u0113tas asociat\u012bv\u0101s p\u0101rs\u016bt\u012b\u0161anas bufera (TLB) iztuk\u0161o\u0161anas oper\u0101cijas, kas aptuveni par 5% pa\u0101trin\u0101ja kodola mont\u0101\u017eas testu. Uz aparat\u016bras, kas atbalsta QARMA3 \u0161ifr\u0113\u0161anu, lai aizsarg\u0101tu lietot\u0101ja telpu, ir iesl\u0113gta r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101ju autentifik\u0101cija (PAC, Pointer Authentication Code).\n<li class=\"l\"> x86_64 sist\u0113m\u0101s viesu sist\u0113m\u0101m, kas darbin\u0101mas izmantojot QEMU, ir ieviests AMD SEV (Secure Encrypted Virtualization) meh\u0101nisma atbalsts, kas tiek izmantots virtualiz\u0101cijas sist\u0113m\u0101s aizsardz\u012bbai. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/vps\/\"   title=\"virtu\u0101lo ma\u0161\u012bnu\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2202\">virtu\u0101lo ma\u0161\u012bnu<\/a> no hipervizora vai host\u0113\u0161anas sist\u0113mas administratora iejauk\u0161an\u0101s. DRAIVERI psp, ko izmanto, lai konfigur\u0113tu un palaistu viesu sist\u0113mas ar AMD SEV, ir pievienota komanda programmaparat\u016bras iel\u0101d\u0113\u0161anai mikrosh\u0113m\u0101.\n<li class=\"l\"> x86_64 sist\u0113m\u0101s ir pievienota iesp\u0113ja pie\u0161\u0137irt DMA atmi\u0146as apgabalu, kas ir liel\u0101ki par 4 GB.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ir uzlabots RISC-V, Sparc64, HPPA, i386 un Powerpc64 arhitekt\u016bru atbalsts.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ir uzlabota atmi\u0146as tr\u016bkuma (OOM) situ\u0101ciju apstr\u0101de sist\u0113m\u0101.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ptrace meh\u0101nism\u0101 ir pievienota funkcionalit\u0101te, kas \u013cauj gdb atk\u013c\u016bdo\u0161an\u0101 iestat\u012bt p\u0101rtraukumus daudzu pavedienu procesos. Pievienotas komandas, kas \u013cauj las\u012bt un rakst\u012bt re\u0123ionu, kur\u0101 sekojo\u0161aj\u0101 proces\u0101 tiek saglab\u0101ts procesora st\u0101voklis, izmantojot XSAVE instrukciju.\n<li class=\"l\"> BT (BPFtrace vai Bug Tracing) valodas scen\u0101rijos, kas tiek izmantoti btrace izseko\u0161anas sist\u0113m\u0101, ir pievienota atbalsts vair\u0101ku rindi\u0146u konstrukcij\u0101m. Utilit\u0101t\u0113 btrace ir pievienoti papildu profili un laika interv\u0101lu nosaukumi (hz, us, ms, s).\n<li class=\"l\"> Pievienots sysctl parametrs kern.audio.kbdcontrol, kura iestat\u012b\u0161ana uz 0 \u013cauj multimediju ska\u0146as regul\u0113\u0161anas tausti\u0146iem uz tastat\u016bras darboties k\u0101 parastiem tausti\u0146iem.\n<li class=\"l\"> Uzlabota k\u013c\u016bdu apstr\u0101de un papla\u0161in\u0101tas p\u0101rbaudes, p\u0101rejot uz miega un gaid\u012b\u0161anas re\u017e\u012bmiem.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u0101rstr\u0101d\u0101ta kod\u0113\u0161ana procesu aptur\u0113\u0161anai, sa\u0146emot sign\u0101lu, kas atrisin\u0101ja daudzu pavedienu procesu aptur\u0113\u0161anas probl\u0113mas, kas izpaud\u0101s t\u0101dos pakotn\u0113s k\u0101 golang un mpv.\n<li class=\"l\"> Uzlabots atbalsts vair\u0101ku procesoru sist\u0113m\u0101m (SMP). Nodro\u0161in\u0101ta paral\u0113la TCP ievades un izvades taimeru darb\u012bba, k\u0101 ar\u012b sist\u0113mas izsaukumi send() un recv() tiek p\u0101rv\u0113rsti uz kop\u0113jo blo\u0137\u0113\u0161anu. Vair\u0101ki lietot\u0101ja pavedieni tagad var darboties paral\u0113li ar da\u017e\u0101diem soketiem, un TCP izvade vairs neblo\u0137\u0113 IP pakot\u0146u apstr\u0101di.\n<p>No glob\u0101l\u0101s blo\u0137\u0113\u0161anas atbr\u012bvoti sist\u0113mas izsaukumi open, openat, ptsignal, psignal un prsignal, k\u0101 ar\u012b sysctl kern.timeout_stats, kern.allowkmem, kern.video.record, net.inet.gre.allow, net.inet.gre.wccp, kern.global_ptrace, kern.wxabort, kern.malloc.kmemstat. P\u0101rv\u0113rsti mp-safe draiveri psp, wsmouse un wstpad, k\u0101 ar\u012b strukt\u016bra video_filtops.      <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> VMM hiperda\u013c\u0113ji ir ieviesta acpipci izmanto\u0161anas iesp\u0113ja PCI autobusu pievieno\u0161anai.\n<li class=\"l\"> Tiek nodro\u0161in\u0101ta iesp\u0113ja defin\u0113t alternat\u012bvu politiku ar snieguma iestat\u012bjumiem (perfpolicy), kas tiek izmantota, str\u0101d\u0101jot ar sist\u0113mu no akumulatora.\n<li class=\"l\"> Sysctl komandai pievienota iesp\u0113ja '-f file', lai vienlaikus iel\u0101d\u0113tu visas iestat\u012bjumus no faila. Rc skriptos jaun\u0101 opcija pievienota, lai piln\u012bb\u0101 iel\u0101d\u0113tu sysctl.conf, nevis rindi\u0146veid\u0101 analiz\u0113tu.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pkg_add komand\u0101 ieviests ldconfig izsaukums, ja, instal\u0113jot jaunus pakotnes, main\u012bjies kop\u012bgo bibliot\u0113ku saraksts.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pievienota jauna aparat\u016bras atbalsta funkcija. Uzlabots SoC MediaTek un Qualcomm Snapdragon (tai skait\u0101 X Elite) atbalsts. Uzlabots Samsung Galaxy Book4 Edge, ThinkPad T14 Gen 5, Vivobook, ThinkPad X1 Nano Gen 2, ThinkPad X13 un da\u017e\u0101du Chromebook ier\u012b\u010du atbalsts. Pievienots ice draiveris Intel E810 Ethernet 1Gb\/10Gb\/25Gb\/50Gb\/100Gb un ixv draiveris Intel Ethernet 82598EB, 82559 un X540 virtu\u0101lajiem funkcij\u0101m. Turpin\u0101ta darba pie t\u012bkla oper\u0101ciju p\u0101rvieto\u0161anas uz t\u012bklu kart\u0113m.\n<li class=\"l\"> Sysupgrade ir ieviesta re\u017e\u012bms offline sist\u0113mu atjaunin\u0101\u0161anai, izmantojot pakotnes, kas saglab\u0101tas lok\u0101laj\u0101 failu sist\u0113m\u0101.\n<li class=\"l\"> Fw_update util\u012bt\u0113 pievienota iesp\u0113ja lejupiel\u0101d\u0113t (neinstal\u0113t) firware parast\u0101 lietot\u0101ja bez root ties\u012bb\u0101m. Pievienots karogs '-l', lai par\u0101d\u012btu draiveru un failu sarakstu.\n<li class=\"l\"> SSH autentifik\u0101cijas procesam sshd-auth ir ieviesta aizsardz\u012bba pret ievainojam\u012bbu izmanto\u0161anu, balstoties uz izpild\u0101mo failu nejau\u0161u p\u0101rkompon\u0113\u0161anu katr\u0101 sist\u0113mas palai\u0161an\u0101 (relink). P\u0101rkompon\u0113\u0161ana padara funkciju novietojumus gr\u016bti prognoz\u0113jamus, kas apgr\u016btina eksploit\u0101cijas, kas izmanto atgriezenisk\u0101 virziena programm\u0113\u0161anas metodes, izveidi.\n<li class=\"l\"> Izveidota mountd procesa izol\u0101cija, izmantojot sist\u0113mas izsaukumu unveil.\n<li class=\"l\"> T\u012bkla staka atbalst\u012bt\u0101 AF_FRAME soketu un IFT_ETHER protokolu \u0123imenes iesp\u0113ja \u013cauj lietojumprogramm\u0101m s\u016bt\u012bt un sa\u0146emt Ethernet r\u0101mjus. Jaunais metods hesh\u0113\u0161anai ir izmantots izejo\u0161iem UDP un TCP pakotn\u0113m, optimiz\u0113jot trafika sadal\u012b\u0161anu pa rind\u0101m un iev\u0113rojami (~20%) pa\u0101trinot UDP nos\u016bt\u012b\u0161anu IPv4\/IPv6 un TCP IPv6. TUN ier\u012bcei ir ieviests ioctl TUNSCAP un optimiz\u0113ta mijiedarb\u012bba starp kodolu un lietot\u0101ja telpu. Katram pl\u016bsmas pavedienam ir izveidots atsevi\u0161\u0137s mar\u0161rut\u0113\u0161anas ke\u0161atmi\u0146a. Vio draiver\u012b ir iek\u013cauts multiqueue re\u017e\u012bms.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pfctl r\u012bks t\u012bkla interfeisiem un rind\u0101m at\u013cauj noteikt caurlaidsp\u0113ju, kas p\u0101rsniedz 4Gbit.\n<li class=\"l\"> Iked, IPsec protokola IKEv2 \u012bstenojum\u0101, pievienota opcija 'natt', lai piespiedu k\u0101rt\u0101 izmantotu nat-t.\n<li class=\"l\"> Relayd, fona process piepras\u012bjumu p\u0101radres\u0113\u0161anai un l\u012bdzsvaro\u0161ana, ir ieviesta atbalsts klientiem. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/ssl-sertifikat\/\"   title=\"TLS sertifik\u0101tiem\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"974\">TLS sertifik\u0101tiem<\/a>.\n<li class=\"l\"> T\u012bkla veiktsp\u0113jas m\u0113r\u012b\u0161anas r\u012bkam tcpbench ir pievienots TLS atbalsts.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bgpd \u012bsteno atbalstu RFC 8654 (BGP papla\u0161in\u0101t\u0101 zi\u0146a), RFC 8538 (BGP pazi\u0146ojuma zi\u0146a), p\u0113c noklus\u0113juma aktiviz\u0113ta opcija 'reject as-set', nodro\u0161in\u0101ts Adj-RIB-Out ke\u0161atmi\u0146a.\n<li class=\"l\"> LibreSSL 4.1.0 ir pievienota eksperiment\u0101la atbalsta loongarch64 arhitekt\u016brai, pied\u0101v\u0101tas jaunas assemblera realiz\u0101cijas algoritmiem SHA-1, SHA-256 un SHA-512 amd64 arhitekt\u016brai (izmanto SHA-NI instrukciju), jaunas assemblera realiz\u0101cijas SHA-256 un SHA-512 Aarch64 arhitekt\u016brai (izmanto CE papla\u0161in\u0101jumu), vienk\u0101r\u0161ota MD5 realiz\u0101cija amd64 un nodro\u0161in\u0101ta atsauktu sertifik\u0101tu saraksta (CRLs) ke\u0161o\u0161ana, no BoringSSL p\u0101rcelta ML-KEM 768 un 1024 realiz\u0101cija.\n<li class=\"l\"> Atjaunin\u0101ts OpenSSH. Izmai\u0146u sarakstu var skat\u012bt OpenSSH 10 pazi\u0146ojum\u0101 (no\u0146emta DSA digit\u0101lo parakstu atbalsts, autentifik\u0101cijas oper\u0101cijas p\u0101rceltas uz atsevi\u0161\u0137u procesu sshd-auth, p\u0113c noklus\u0113juma izmantota hibr\u012bda atsl\u0113gu apmai\u0146as algoritms 'mlkem768x25519-sha256').\n<li class=\"l\"> Portu skaits AMD64 arhitekt\u016brai sasniedza 12593 (iepriek\u0161 bija 12312), aarch64 - 12446 (iepriek\u0161 bija 12148), i386 - 10429 (iepriek\u0161 bija 10534). Starp aplik\u0101ciju versij\u0101m portos:\n<ul>\n<li> Asterisk 16.30.1, 18.26.1, 20.13.0 un 22.3.0\n<li> Audacity 3.7.3\n<li> CMake 3.31.6\n<li> Chromium 135.0.7049.52\n<li> Emacs 30.1\n<li> FFmpeg 6.1.2\n<li> GCC 8.4.0 un 11.2.0\n<li> GNOME 47\n<li> Go 1.24.1\n<li> JDK 8u442, 11.0.26, 17.0.14 un 21.0.6\n<li> KDE Gears 24.12.3\n<li> KDE Frameworks 6.12.0\n<li> KDE Plasma 6.3.3\n<li> Krita 5.2.9\n<li> LLVM\/Clang 13.0.0, 16.0.6, 18.1.8, 19.1.7\n<li> LibreOffice 25.2.1.2\n<li> Lua 5.1.5, 5.2.4, 5.3.6, 5.4.7\n<li> MariaDB 11.4.5\n<li> Mono 6.12.0.199\n<li> Mozilla Firefox 137.0 un ESR 128.9.0\n<li> Mozilla Thunderbird 128.9.0\n<li> Mutt 2.2.14 un NeoMutt 20250113\n<li> Node.js 22.14.0\n<li> OpenLDAP 2.6.9\n<li> PHP 8.2.28, 8.3.19 un 8.4.5\n<li> Postfix 3.10.1\n<li> PostgreSQL 17.4\n<li> Python 2.7.18 un 3.12.9\n<li> Qt 5.15.16 (+ KDE projekta patchi) un 6.8.2\n<li> Ruby 3.2.8, 3.3.7, 3.4.2\n<li> Rust 1.86.0\n<li> SQLite 3.49.1\n<li> Shotcut 25.01.25\n<li> Sudo 1.9.16p1\n<li> Suricata 7.0.7\n<li> Tcl\/Tk 8.5.19 un 8.6.16\n<li> Vim 9.1.1265 un Neovim 0.10.4\n<li> Xfce 4.20.0   <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Atjaunin\u0101ti tre\u0161o pu\u0161u komponenti, kas ietilpst OpenBSD 7.7:\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Grafiskais Xenocara steks, kas balst\u012bts uz X.Org 7.7 ar xserver 21.1.16 + patchi, freetype 2.13.3, fontconfig 2.15.0, Mesa 23.3.6, xterm 395, xkeyboard-config 2.20, fonttosfnt 1.2.4.\n<li> LLVM\/Clang 16.0.6 (+ labojumi)\n<li> GCC 4.2.1 (+ labojumi) un 3.3.6 (+ labojumi)\n<li> Perl 5.40.1 (+ iel\u0101d\u0113m)\n<li> NSD 4.9.1\n<li> Unbound 1.22.0\n<li> Ncurses 6.4\n<li> Binutils 2.17 (+ labojumi)\n<li> Gdb 6.3 (+ labojumi)\n<li> Awk 20250116\n<li> Expat 2.7.1\n<li> zlib 1.3.1 (+ iel\u0101d\u0113m)   <\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Avots: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=63148\">opennet.lv<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 UNIX-\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b OpenBSD 7.7. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 OpenBSD \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0422\u044d\u043e \u0434\u0435 \u0420\u0430\u0430\u0434\u0442\u043e\u043c (Theo de Raadt) \u0432 1995 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 NetBSD, \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e 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[&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-123698","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.5 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 UNIX-\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b OpenBSD 7.7.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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