{"id":35977,"date":"2019-10-31T22:08:56","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:08:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/reliz-yadra-linux-5-2\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:08:56","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:08:56","slug":"reliz-yadra-linux-5-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/blog\/news\/reliz-yadra-linux-5-2","title":{"rendered":"Linux 5.2 kodola izlai\u0161ana","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>P\u0113c diviem m\u0113ne\u0161iem att\u012bst\u012bbas Linuss Torvalds <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2019\/7\/7\/281\">prezent\u0113ja<\/a><\/noindex> izlaida kodolu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/\">Linux 5.2<\/a><\/noindex>. Starp visiem paman\u0101majiem uzlabojumiem: Ext4 re\u017e\u012bms bez simbolu re\u0123istra \u0146em\u0161anas v\u0113r\u0101, atsevi\u0161\u0137i sist\u0113mas izsaukumi failu sist\u0113mas mont\u0113\u0161anai, GPU Mali 4xx\/6xx\/7xx draiveri, iesp\u0113ja apstr\u0101d\u0101t sysctl v\u0113rt\u012bbu izmai\u0146as BPF programm\u0101s, device-mapper modulis dm-dust, aizsardz\u012bba pret MDS uzbrukumiem, atbalsts Sound Open Firmware DSP, BFQ veiktsp\u0113jas optimiz\u0101cija, PSI (Pressure Stall Information) apak\u0161sist\u0113mas izveide, lai izmantotu Android.<\/p>\n<p>Jaunaj\u0101 versij\u0101 iek\u013cauti 15100 labojumi no 1882 izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem,<br \/>\nIeg\u0101des izm\u0113rs \u2014 62 MB (izmai\u0146as attiec\u0101s uz 30889 failiem, pievienoti 625094 koda rindi\u0146as, dz\u0113stas 531864 rindi\u0146as). Aptuveni 45% no vis\u0101m iesniegtaj\u0101m izmai\u0146\u0101m 5.2<br \/>\nizmai\u0146\u0101m ir saist\u012btas ar ier\u012b\u010du draiveriem, aptuveni 21% izmai\u0146u ir<br \/>\nsaist\u012btas ar apar\u0101tprogrammat\u016bras arhitekt\u016bru specifisko kodu atjaunin\u0101jumiem, 12%<br \/>\nsaist\u012btas ar t\u012bkla steku, 3% \u2014 ar failu sist\u0113m\u0101m un 3% ar iek\u0161\u0113jiem<br \/>\nkodola apak\u0161sist\u0113m\u0101m. 12.4% no vis\u0101m izmai\u0146\u0101m sagatavojis Intel, 6.3% \u2014 Red Hat, 5.4% \u2014 Google, 4.0% \u2014 AMD, 3.1% \u2014 SUSE, 3% \u2014 IBM, 2.7% \u2014 Huawei, 2.7% \u2014 Linaro, 2.2% \u2014 ARM, 1.6% \u2014 Oracle.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kernelnewbies.org\/Linux_5.2\">\u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/788532\/\">jaunumi<\/a><\/noindex>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Disku apak\u0161sist\u0113ma, I\/O un failu sist\u0113mas<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Ext4 ir pievienots  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50581\">atbalsts<\/a><\/noindex> darba bez at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bbas simbolu re\u0123istr\u0101 failu nosaukumos, kas aktiviz\u0113jas tikai pievienojot atsevi\u0161\u0137us tuk\u0161os katalogus, izmantojot jauno atrib\u016btu \u00ab+F\u00bb (EXT4_CASEFOLD_FL). Iest\u0101d\u012bjis \u0161o atrib\u016btu katalogam, visas darb\u012bbas ar failiem un apak\u0161katalogiem taj\u0101 tiks veiktas bez simbolu re\u0123istra \u0146em\u0161anas v\u0113r\u0101, ieskaitot, ka re\u0123istrs tiks ignor\u0113ts, veicot mekl\u0113\u0161anas un failu atv\u0113r\u0161anas oper\u0101cijas (piem\u0113ram, faili Test.txt, test.txt un test.TXT \u0161\u0101dos katalogos tiks uzskat\u012bti par identiskiem). P\u0113c noklus\u0113juma FS joproj\u0101m ir re\u0123istram jut\u012bga, iz\u0146emot katalogus ar atrib\u016btu \u00abchattr +F\u00bb;\n<li class=\"l\"> Vienot\u0101s UTF-8 simbolu apstr\u0101des funkcijas failu nosaukumos, kas tiek izmantotas sal\u012bdzin\u0101\u0161anas un virk\u0146u normaliz\u0101cijas oper\u0101ciju laik\u0101;\n<li class=\"l\"> XFS ir pievienota infrastrukt\u016bra failu sist\u0113mas st\u0101vok\u013ca uzraudz\u012bbai un jauns ioctl, lai piepras\u012btu darbsp\u0113jas statusu. Ieviesta eksperiment\u0101la iesp\u0113ja uzreiz p\u0101rbaud\u012b\u0161anai (online scrub) superbloku skait\u012bt\u0101ju.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pievienots jauns ier\u012bces kart\u0113\u0161anas modulis \u00ab<noindex>dm-dust<\/noindex>\u00ab kas \u013cauj simul\u0113t boj\u0101to bloku par\u0101d\u012b\u0161anos glab\u0101\u0161an\u0101 vai k\u013c\u016bdas lasot no diska. Modulis atvieglo lietojumprogrammu un da\u017e\u0101du glab\u0101\u0161anas sist\u0113mu atk\u013c\u016bdo\u0161anu un test\u0113\u0161anu, iesp\u0113jamu k\u013c\u016bmju apst\u0101k\u013cos;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/784267\/\">Veikta<\/a><\/noindex> iev\u0113rojama diskos ievades\/izvades pl\u0101not\u0101ja BFQ veiktsp\u0113jas optimiz\u0101cija. Augstas slodzes apst\u0101k\u013cos veikt\u0101s optimiz\u0101cijas <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/algo.ing.unimo.it\/people\/paolo\/disk_sched\/results.php\">\u013cauj<\/a><\/noindex> l\u012bdz 80% samazina \u0161\u0101du oper\u0101ciju laiku k\u0101 programmu palai\u0161ana;\n<li class=\"l\"> Pievienota jauna sist\u0113mas izsaukumu s\u0113rija failu sist\u0113mu mont\u0113\u0161anai: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=24dcb3d90a1f67fe08c68a004af37df059d74005\">fsopen()<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=a07b20004793d8926f78d63eb5980559f7813404\">open_tree()<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=cf3cba4a429be43e5527a3f78859b1bfd9ebc5fb\">fspick()<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=93766fbd2696c2c4453dd8e1070977e9cd4e6b6d\">fsmount()<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=ecdab150fddb42fe6a739335257949220033b782\">fsconfig()<\/a><\/noindex> un <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=2db154b3ea8e14b04fee23e3fdfd5e9d17fbc6ae\">move_mount()<\/a><\/noindex>. \u0160ie sist\u0113mas izsaukumi \u013cauj atsevi\u0161\u0137i apstr\u0101d\u0101t da\u017e\u0101das mont\u0113\u0161anas stadijas (apstr\u0101d\u0101t superbloku, ieg\u016bt inform\u0101ciju par FS, mont\u0113t, piesl\u0113gt pie mont\u0113\u0161anas punkta), kas iepriek\u0161 tika veikti kop\u0113j\u0101 sist\u0113mas izsaukum\u0101 mount(). Atsevi\u0161\u0137ie izsaukumi nodro\u0161ina iesp\u0113ju veikt sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101kas mont\u0113\u0161anas sh\u0113mas un atsevi\u0161\u0137i veikt t\u0101das oper\u0101cijas k\u0101 superbloka p\u0101rkonfigur\u0101cija, iesp\u0113ju aktiviz\u0113\u0161ana, mont\u0113\u0161anas punkta mai\u0146a un p\u0101rvieto\u0161ana cit\u0101 nosaukumu telp\u0101. Turkl\u0101t atsevi\u0161\u0137a apstr\u0101de \u013cauj prec\u012bzi noteikt k\u013c\u016bdu kodu izrais\u012b\u0161anas iemeslus un nor\u0101d\u012bt vair\u0101kus avotus daudzsl\u0101\u0146u FS, piem\u0113ram, overlayfs;\n<li class=\"l\"> Interfeis\u0101 asinkronam ievadei\/izvadei io_uring pievienota jauna oper\u0101cija IORING_OP_SYNC_FILE_RANGE, kas veic darb\u012bbas, kas ir ekvivalentas sist\u0113miskajam izsaukumam <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man2\/sync_file_range.2.html\">sync_file_range()<\/a><\/noindex>, k\u0101 ar\u012b realiz\u0113ta iesp\u0113ja re\u0123istr\u0113t eventfd ar io_uring un sa\u0146emt pazi\u0146ojumus par oper\u0101ciju pabeig\u0161anu;\n<li class=\"l\"> Failu sist\u0113mai CIFS pievienots ioctl FIEMAP, kas nodro\u0161ina efekt\u012bvu ekstensiju att\u0113lo\u0161anu, k\u0101 ar\u012b atbalstu SEEK_DATA un SEEK_HOLE re\u017e\u012bmiem;\n<li class=\"l\"> FUSE apak\u0161sist\u0113m\u0101 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=ad2ba64dd489805e7ddf5fecf166cae1e09fc5c0\">pied\u0101v\u0101ts<\/a><\/noindex> API datu ke\u0161atmi\u0146as p\u0101rvald\u012bbai;\n<li class=\"l\"> Btrfs veikta qgroups realiz\u0101cijas optimiz\u0101cija un uzlabots fsync izpildes \u0101trums failiem ar vair\u0101kiem cietajiem sai\u0161\u0137iem. Uzlabots datu integrit\u0101tes p\u0101rbaudes kods, kas tagad \u0146em v\u0113r\u0101 iesp\u0113jamo inform\u0101cijas boj\u0101jumu RAM pirms datu izme\u0161anas disk\u0101;\n<li class=\"l\"> CEPH pievienota atbalsts momentuz\u0146\u0113mumu eksport\u0113\u0161anai caur NFS;\n<li class=\"l\"> Uzlabota NFSv4 mont\u0113\u0161anas realiz\u0101cija \u00absoft\u00bb re\u017e\u012bm\u0101 (ja piek\u013cuves k\u013c\u016bda serverim rodas \u00absoft\u00bb re\u017e\u012bm\u0101, zvans uzreiz atgrie\u017e k\u013c\u016bdas kodu, bet \u00abhard\u00bb re\u017e\u012bm\u0101 kontrole netiek atdota l\u012bdz FS atkal k\u013c\u016bst pieejama vai l\u012bdz termi\u0146a beig\u0101m). Jaunaj\u0101 izlaidum\u0101 nodro\u0161in\u0101ta prec\u012bz\u0101ka laika izbeig\u0161anas apstr\u0101de, pa\u0101trin\u0101ta atjauno\u0161an\u0101s p\u0113c k\u013c\u016bmes un pievienota jauna mont\u0113\u0161anas opcija \u00absofterr\u00bb, kas \u013cauj main\u012bt k\u013c\u016bdas kodu (ETIMEDOUT), kas tiek atgriezts pie laika izbeig\u0161anas;\n<li class=\"l\"> NFS klientu st\u0101vok\u013ca uzraudz\u012bbai paredz\u0113taj\u0101 nfsdcld API ir nodro\u0161in\u0101ta iesp\u0113ja pareizi izsekot NFS servera klienta st\u0101voklim p\u0113c restart\u0113\u0161anas. T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di nfsdcld demons tagad var darboties k\u0101 nfsdcltrack apstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101js;\n<li class=\"l\"> AFS <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=6c6c1d63c243025956f061e67fff3a615aa0f6be\">pievienots<\/a><\/noindex> baitu interv\u0101lu blo\u0137\u0113\u0161anas emul\u0101cija failos (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/docs.openafs.org\/ReleaseNotesWindows\/ch03s19.html\">Byte Range Locking<\/a><\/noindex>);\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Virtualiz\u0101cija un dro\u0161\u012bba<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Veikti uzlabojumi, lai nov\u0113rstu vietas kodola da\u013c\u0101, kas \u013cauj izpild\u012bt kodu no rakst\u0101majiem atspogu\u013cotajiem atmi\u0146as re\u0123ioniem, kas pal\u012bdz blo\u0137\u0113t potenci\u0101l\u0101s ievainojam\u012bbas, kas var tikt izmantotas uzbrukuma laik\u0101;\n<li class=\"l\"> Pievienota jauna kodola komandrindas opcija \u00abmitigations=\u00bb, kas sniedz vienk\u0101r\u0161otu veidu, k\u0101 p\u0101rvald\u012bt to tehniku iek\u013cau\u0161anu, kas saist\u012bta ar ievainojam\u012bbu aizsardz\u012bbu, kas saist\u012bta ar spekulat\u012bvo instrukciju izpildi CPU. P\u0101rs\u016btot \u00abmitigations=off\u00bb, tiek izsl\u0113gti visi pieejamie pa\u0146\u0113mieni, bet noklus\u0113juma re\u017e\u012bms \u00abmitigations=auto\u00bb iesl\u0113dz aizsardz\u012bbu, bet neietekm\u0113 Hyper Threading izmanto\u0161anu. Re\u017e\u012bms \u00abmitigations=auto,nosmt\u00bb papildus izsl\u0113dz Hyper Threading, ja tas ir nepiecie\u0161ams aizsardz\u012bbas metod\u0113.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/0d7a78643f6972214e99205b364e508f8ea9598e\">Pievienota<\/a><\/noindex> atbalsts elektroniskajai digit\u0101lajai parakst\u012b\u0161anai saska\u0146\u0101 ar \u0413\u041e\u0421\u0422 \u0420 34.10-2012 (RFC 7091, ISO\/IEC 14888-3), <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=0d7a78643f6972214e99205b364e508f8ea9598e\">izstr\u0101d\u0101ta<\/a><\/noindex> Vitali \u010cikunov no \u00abBazalt SPO\u00bb. Integr\u0113taj\u0101 TLS ievie\u0161an\u0101 ir pievienota atbalsts AES128-CCM. Crypto_simd modul\u012b ir pievienots atbalsts AEAD algoritmiem;\n<li class=\"l\"> Kconfig <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=9f671e58159adea641f76c56d1f0bbdcb3c524ff\">pievienots<\/a><\/noindex> atsevi\u0161\u0137a sada\u013ca \u00abkernel hardening\u00bb ar opcij\u0101m, kas paredz\u0113tas kodola aizsardz\u012bbas pastiprin\u0101\u0161anai. \u0160obr\u012bd jaunaj\u0101 sada\u013c\u0101 ir apkopoti tikai uzst\u0101d\u012bjumi, lai aktiviz\u0113tu GCC spraud\u0146u p\u0101rbaudes;\n<li class=\"l\"> Koda kodols gandr\u012bz <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=b4b52b881cf0\">ir atbr\u012bvots<\/a><\/noindex> no nep\u0101rtrauktiem izteikumiem case switch (bez return vai break p\u0113c katra case bloka). Joproj\u0101m j\u0101labo 32 no 2311 gad\u012bjumiem \u0161\u0101da izmanto\u0161ana switch, p\u0113c tam, kad kodols tiks b\u016bv\u0113ts, var\u0113s izmantot re\u017e\u012bmu \u00ab-Wimplicit-fallthrough\u00bb;\n<li class=\"l\"> PowerPC arhitekt\u016brai ir ieviesta atbalsts aparat\u016bras meh\u0101nismiem, lai ierobe\u017eotu nev\u0113lamus kodola piek\u013cuves ce\u013cus uz datiem lietot\u0101ja telp\u0101;\n<li class=\"l\"> Pievienots kods, lai blo\u0137\u0113tu  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50684\">uzbrukumiem<\/a><\/noindex> MDS (Microarchitectural Data Sampling) klase Intel procesoros. Var p\u0101rbaud\u012bt sist\u0113mas uz\u0146\u0113m\u012bbu pret ievainojam\u012bbu caur SysFS main\u012bgo \u00ab\/sys\/devices\/system\/cpu\/vulnerabilities\/mds\u00bb; <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/html\/latest\/admin-guide\/hw-vuln\/mds.html\">Pieejams<\/a><\/noindex> divi aizsardz\u012bbas re\u017e\u012bmi: pilns, kas prasa atjaunin\u0101tu mikroprogrammat\u016bru, un apieto\u0161s, kur\u0161 piln\u012bb\u0101 negarant\u0113 CPU buferu izt\u012br\u012b\u0161anu, kad kontrole tiek nodota lietot\u0101ja telpai vai vies\u0113jos sist\u0113m\u0101. Lai p\u0101rvald\u012btu aizsardz\u012bbas re\u017e\u012bmus, kodol\u0101 ir pievienots parametrs \u00abmds=\u00bb, kur\u0161 var pie\u0146emt v\u0113rt\u012bbas \u00abfull\u00bb, \u00abfull,nosmt\u00bb (+ izsl\u0113dzot Hyper-Threading) un \u00aboff\u00bb;\n<li class=\"l\"> x86-64 sist\u0113m\u0101s IRQ, atk\u013c\u016bdo\u0161anas meh\u0101nismiem un iz\u0146\u0113mumu apstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem pievienota aizsardz\u012bba \u00abstack guard-page\u00bb, kuras b\u016bt\u012bba ir aizst\u0101jot atmi\u0146as lapas, kuru piek\u013cuve izraisa iz\u0146\u0113mumu (page-fault);\n<li class=\"l\"> Pievienota sysctl iestat\u012bjums vm.unprivileged_userfaultfd, kas kontrol\u0113 iesp\u0113ju izmantot sist\u0113mas izsaukumu userfaultfd() nepievienotiem procesiem;\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>T\u012bkla subsist\u0113ma<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=d15662682db232da77136cd348f4c9df312ca6f9\">Pievienota<\/a><\/noindex> atbalsts IPv6 v\u0101rtiem IPv4 mar\u0161rutiem. Piem\u0113ram, tagad var nor\u0101d\u012bt mar\u0161rut\u0113\u0161anas noteikumus, piem\u0113ram, \u00abip ro add 172.16.1.0\/24 via inet6 2001:db8::1 dev eth0\u00bb;\n<li class=\"l\"> ICMPv6 tiek \u012bstenoti ioctl izsaukumi icmp_echo_ignore_anycast un icmp_echo_ignore_multicast, lai ignor\u0113tu ICMP ECHO anycast un<br \/>\nmulticast adres\u0113m. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=0bc199854405543b0debe67c735c0aae94f1d319\">Pievienota<\/a><\/noindex> Iesp\u0113ja ierobe\u017eot ICMPv6 paku apstr\u0101des intensit\u0101ti;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> mesh protokolam B.A.T.M.A.N. (\u00abBetter Approach To Mobile Adhoc Networking\u00bb), kas \u013cauj izveidot decentraliz\u0113tas t\u012bklus, kuros katrs mezgls ir savienots ar blakus mezgliem, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/32e727449c792b689c2a06a8b4cc9fef6270c5a7\">pievienots<\/a><\/noindex> atbalsts multicast uz unicast transform\u0101cijai, k\u0101 ar\u012b iesp\u0113ja p\u0101rvald\u012bt caur sysfs;\n<li class=\"l\"> Ethtool <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=3aeb0803f7ea11ff2fc478f7d58f2b8e713af380\">ieg\u016bts<\/a><\/noindex> jauns parametrs Fast Link Down, kas \u013cauj samazin\u0101t inform\u0101cijas par savienojuma atsl\u0113g\u0161anas notikumu pieg\u0101des laiku 1000BaseT (norm\u0101los apst\u0101k\u013cos aizture var b\u016bt l\u012bdz 750 ms);\n<li class=\"l\"> Par\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/1713cb37bf671e5d98919536941a8b56337874fd\">iesp\u0113ja<\/a><\/noindex> Foo-Over-UDP tune\u013cu piesaistes noteik\u0161anai konkr\u0113tai adresei, t\u012bkla interfeisam vai soketim (iepriek\u0161 piesaiste tika veikta tikai p\u0113c kop\u0113j\u0101s maskas);\n<li class=\"l\"> Bezvadu stek\u0101 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=cb74e9775871f8c82a1297cf76209f10ab5bbe3d\">ir nodro\u0161in\u0101ta<\/a><\/noindex> iesp\u0113ja \u012bstenot<br \/>\nOWE (Opportunistic Wireless Encryption) lietot\u0101ja telp\u0101;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Netfilter nat \u0137\u0113d\u0113 pievienota atbalsta adreses inet adres\u0113m (piem\u0113ram, tagad var izmantot vienu p\u0101rejas noteikumu, lai apstr\u0101d\u0101tu ipv4 un ipv6, bez noteikumu sadal\u012b\u0161anas ipv4 un ipv6);\n<li class=\"l\"> Netlink <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=ef6243acb4782df587a4d7d6c310fa5b5d82684b\">ieg\u016bts<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=8cb081746c031fb164089322e2336a0bf5b3070c\">re\u017e\u012bms<\/a><\/noindex> strict stingr\u0101 p\u0101rbaude vis\u0101m zi\u0146ojumu un atrib\u016btu korektumam, kur\u0101 netiek pie\u013cauta p\u0101rsnieg\u0161ana sagaid\u0101m\u0101 atrib\u016btu lielum\u0101 un aizliedz pievienot papildu datus zi\u0146ojumu beig\u0101s;\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Atmi\u0146a un sist\u0113mas pakalpojumi<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> sist\u0113mas izsaukum\u0101 clone() pievienots karogs CLONE_PIDFD, nor\u0101dot, ka vec\u0101ku procesam tiek atgriezts faila deskriptor \u00abpidfd\u00bb, kas ir identific\u0113ts ar izveidoto b\u0113rnu procesu. \u0160o faila deskriptoru, piem\u0113ram, var izmantot, lai nos\u016bt\u012btu sign\u0101lus bez riska saskarties ar sac\u012bkstes st\u0101vokli (uzreiz p\u0113c sign\u0101la nos\u016bt\u012b\u0161anas m\u0113r\u0137a PID var tikt atbr\u012bvots, jo process beidzis darbu un tiek aiz\u0146emts ar citu procesu);\n<li class=\"l\"> Otraj\u0101 cgroups versij\u0101 pievienota kontrolleru freezer funkcionalit\u0101te, ar kuras pal\u012bdz\u012bbu var aptur\u0113t darbu cgroup un pagaidu izbr\u012bvot da\u017eus resursus (CPU, ievadi\/izvadi un potenci\u0101li pat atmi\u0146u) citu uzdevumu veik\u0161anai. Vad\u012bba tiek veikta caur vad\u012bbas failiem cgroup.freeze un cgroup.events cgroup koku. Ieraksts 1 fail\u0101 cgroup.freeze iesald\u0113 procesos eso\u0161os procesus pa\u0161reiz\u0113j\u0101 cgroup un vis\u0101s b\u0113rnu grup\u0101s. T\u0101 k\u0101 iesald\u0113\u0161ana prasa zin\u0101mu laiku, papildus pied\u0101v\u0101ts fails cgroup.events, caur kuru var uzzin\u0101t par oper\u0101cijas pabeig\u0161anu;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=e1cf33aafb84\">Nodro\u0161in\u0101ts<\/a><\/noindex> Atmi\u0146as atrib\u016btu eksports, kas piestiprin\u0101ts katram mezglam sysfs, \u013cauj no lietot\u0101ja telpas noteikt atmi\u0146as banku apstr\u0101des raksturu hibr\u012bdo atmi\u0146as sist\u0113m\u0101s;\n<li class=\"l\"> Uzlabota PSI (Pressure Stall Information) apak\u0161sist\u0113ma, kas \u013cauj analiz\u0113t inform\u0101ciju par gaid\u012b\u0161anas laiku, lai ieg\u016btu da\u017e\u0101dus resursus (CPU, atmi\u0146u, ievadi\/izvadi) noteiktiem uzdevumiem vai procesu kop\u0101m cgroup. Ar PSI lietot\u0101ja telp\u0101 var prec\u012bz\u0101k nov\u0113rt\u0113t sist\u0113mas noslodzi un pal\u0113nin\u0101\u0161an\u0101s raksturu sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar Load Average. Jaunaj\u0101 versij\u0101 nodro\u0161in\u0101ta atbalsts jut\u012bbas sliek\u0161\u0146u iestat\u012b\u0161anai un iesp\u0113ja izmantot izsaukumu poll(), lai sa\u0146emtu pazi\u0146ojumus par iestat\u012bto sliek\u0161\u0146u sasnieg\u0161anu noteikt\u0101 laika posm\u0101. \u0160\u012b iesp\u0113ja \u013cauj organiz\u0113t Android atmi\u0146as tr\u016bkuma uzraudz\u012bbu agr\u012bn\u0101 stadij\u0101, noteikt probl\u0113mu avotu un p\u0101rtraukt nelikv\u012bd\u0101s lietojumprogrammas, neradot iev\u0113rojamas probl\u0113mas lietot\u0101jiem. Stresa test\u0113\u0161anas laik\u0101 PSI balst\u012bt\u0101s atmi\u0146as pat\u0113ri\u0146a monitoringa iek\u0101rtas demonstr\u0113ja par 10 reiz\u0113m maz\u0101k viltus trauksmju sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar statistiku par vmpressure;\n<li class=\"l\"> Iekod\u0113 veikta optimiz\u0101cija BPF programmu p\u0101rbaudei, kas nodro\u0161in\u0101ja l\u012bdz pat 20 reizes \u0101tr\u0101ku p\u0101rbaudi liel\u0101m programm\u0101m. Optimiz\u0101cija \u013c\u0101va palielin\u0101t BPF programmu izm\u0113ra ierobe\u017eojumu no 4096 l\u012bdz vienam miljonam instrukciju;\n<li class=\"l\"> BPF programm\u0101m <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=d859900c4c56\">sniegta<\/a><\/noindex> pieeja glob\u0101liem datiem, \u013caujot noteikt glob\u0101l\u0101s main\u012bg\u0101s un konstantes programm\u0101s;\n<li class=\"l\"> Pievienots <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/torvalds\/linux\/blob\/master\/Documentation\/bpf\/prog_cgroup_sysctl.rst\">API<\/a><\/noindex>, kas \u013cauj no BPF programm\u0101m kontrol\u0113t sysctl parametru izmai\u0146as;\n<li class=\"l\"> MIPS32 arhitekt\u016brai \u012bstenots JIT kompilators eBPF virtu\u0101lajai ma\u0161\u012bnai;\n<li class=\"l\"> 32 bitu PowerPC arhitekt\u016brai pievienota KASan (Kernel address sanitizer) atbalsta k\u0101rta, kas nodro\u0161ina atmi\u0146as k\u013c\u016bdu identific\u0113\u0161anu;\n<li class=\"l\"> x86-64 sist\u0113m\u0101s no\u0146emts ierobe\u017eojums crash-dump st\u0101vok\u013ca saglab\u0101\u0161anai atmi\u0146as apgabalos virs 896MB;\n<li class=\"l\"> s390 arhitekt\u016brai ieviests atbalsts kodola adreses telpas randomiz\u0101cijai (KASLR) un digit\u0101lo parakstu p\u0101rbaudei kodola iel\u0101des laik\u0101, izmantojot kexec_file_load();\n<li class=\"l\"> PA-RISC arhitekt\u016brai pievienots kodola atbalsts (KGDB), p\u0101rejas mar\u0137ieru un kprobes atbalsts;\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Apr\u012bkojums<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Iek\u013cauts draiveris <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=a1d2a6339961efc078208dc3b2f006e9e9a8e119\">Lima<\/a><\/noindex> GPU Mali 400\/450, kas tiek izmantots daudzos vec\u0101kos ARM arhitekt\u016bras \u010dipos. Jaun\u0101kiem GPU Mali pievienots Panfrost draiveris, kas atbalsta Midgard (Mali-T6xx, Mali-T7xx, Mali-T8xx) un Bifrost (Mali G3x, G5x, G7x) mikroarhitekt\u016bras \u010dipus;\n<li class=\"l\"> Pievienots atbalsts ska\u0146as ier\u012b\u010du izmanto\u0161anai, izmantojot atv\u0113rt\u0101s programmat\u016bras <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=48266\">Sound Open Firmware<\/a><\/noindex> (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sofproject.org\/\">SOF<\/a><\/noindex>). Neskatoties uz atv\u0113rtu draiveru esam\u012bbu, ska\u0146as \u010dipu programmat\u016bras kodi joproj\u0101m bija sl\u0113gti un tika pied\u0101v\u0101ti bin\u0101r\u0101 form\u0101t\u0101. Sound Open Firmware projekts tika izstr\u0101d\u0101ts uz\u0146\u0113mum\u0101 Intel, lai izveidotu atv\u0113rt\u0101s programmat\u016bras DSP \u010dipiem, kas saist\u012bti ar ska\u0146as apstr\u0101di (v\u0113l\u0101k projekt\u0101 iesaist\u012bj\u0101s ar\u012b Google). \u0160obr\u012bd projekta ietvaros jau ir sagatavotas atv\u0113rt\u0101s programmat\u016bras ska\u0146as \u010dipiem Intel Baytrail, CherryTrail, Broadwell, ApolloLake, GeminiLake, CannonLake un IceLake platform\u0101m;\n<li class=\"l\"> Intel (i915) DRM draiver\u012b pievienots atbalsts \u010dipiem<br \/>\nElkhartlake (Gen11). Pievienoti PCI identifikatori Comet Lake (Gen9) \u010dipiem. Stabiliz\u0113ts Icelake \u010dipu atbalsts, kuram ar\u012b pievienoti papildu PCI ier\u012b\u010du identifikatori.<br \/>\n <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=d57b39e3ee3cdb4b00452090e386d197980cefc9\">Iek\u013cauts<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nas\u012bnhron\u0101 re\u017e\u012bma p\u0101rsl\u0113g\u0161an\u0101s starp diviem buferiem video atmi\u0146\u0101 (async flip) ierakstu oper\u0101ciju veik\u0161anas laik\u0101 caur mmio, kas b\u016btiski palielin\u0101ja da\u017eu 3D lietot\u0146u veiktsp\u0113ju (piem\u0113ram, veiktsp\u0113ja 3DMark Ice Storm test\u0101 palielin\u0101j\u0101s par 300-400%). Pieviena atbalsts tehnolo\u0123ijai <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HDCP\">HDCP2.2<\/a><\/noindex> (Augstas joslas platuma digit\u0101l\u0101 satura aizsardz\u012bba) video sign\u0101la \u0161ifr\u0113\u0161anai, kas tiek p\u0101rraid\u012bts caur HDMI;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> amdgpu draiver\u012b GPU Vega20 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=457109829f4ee4107e8c7108237afba21fabbb5e\">pievienots<\/a><\/noindex>  tika iek\u013cauts RAS (Reliability, Availability, Serviceability) atbalsts un eksperiment\u0101lais atbalsts SMU 11 apak\u0161sist\u0113mai, kas aizvietoja Powerplay tehnolo\u0123iju. GPU Vega12 atbalsts <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=750cced1c08b5258202f29ed954513be8f38df1b\">pievienots<\/a><\/noindex> tika iek\u013cauts BACO (Bus Active, Chip Off) re\u017e\u012bms. Pievienots s\u0101kotn\u0113jais XGMI atbalsts, augstas \u0101truma autobuss (PCIe 4.0) GPU savieno\u0161anai. Amdkfd draiver\u012b tika pievienoti tr\u016bksto\u0161ie kartes identifikatori, kas balst\u0101s uz GPU Polaris10;\n<li class=\"l\"> Nouveau draiver\u012b tika pievienots atbalsts pl\u0101tn\u0113m, kas balst\u012btas uz NVIDIA Turing 117 (TU117, tika izmantots GeForce GTX 1650).<br \/>\n kconfig <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=b30a43ac7132cdda833ac4b13dd1ebd35ace14b7\">pievienots<\/a><\/noindex> iestat\u012bjums novecoju\u0161o funkciju atsp\u0113jo\u0161anai, kas vairs netiek izmantotas aktu\u0101lajos libdrm izlaidumos;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> API DRM un amdgpu vad\u012bt\u0101j\u0101 pievienota atbalsta objektiem sinhroniz\u0101cijai \u00abtimeline\u00bb, kas \u013cauj iztikt bez klasiskaj\u0101m blo\u0137\u0113\u0161an\u0101m.\n<li class=\"l\"> No staging sada\u013cas galvenaj\u0101 sast\u0101v\u0101 tika p\u0101rvietots vboxvideo draiveris virtu\u0101lajam GPU VirtualBox;\n<li class=\"l\"> Pievienots aspeed draiveris SoC ASPEED GFX mikrosh\u0113mai;\n<li class=\"l\"> Pievienots ARM SoC un Intel Agilex (SoCFPGA), NXP i.MX8MM, Allwinner (RerVision H3-DVK (H3), Oceanic 5205 5inMFD, Beelink GS2 (H6), Orange Pi 3 (H6)), Rockchip (Orange Pi RK3399, Nanopi NEO4, Veyron-Mighty Chromebook), Amlogic: SEI Robotics SEI510,<br \/>\nST Micro (stm32mp157a, stm32mp157c), NXP (<br \/>\n    Eckelmann ci4x10 (i.MX6DL),<\/p>\n<p>    i.MX8MM EVK (i.MX8MM),<\/p>\n<p>    ZII i.MX7 RPU2 (i.MX7),<\/p>\n<p>    ZII SPB4 (VF610),<\/p>\n<p>    Zii Ultra (i.MX8M),<\/p>\n<p>    TQ TQMa7S (i.MX7Solo),<\/p>\n<p>    TQ TQMa7D (i.MX7Dual),<\/p>\n<p>    Kobo Aura (i.MX50),<\/p>\n<p>    Menlosystems M53 (i.MX53)), NVIDIA Jetson Nano (Tegra T210).<\/p>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vienlaikus Lat\u012b\u0146amerikas Br\u012bv\u0101s Programmat\u016bras fonds <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fsfla.org\/ikiwiki\/selibre\/linux-libre\/\">izveidoja<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nvariantu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fsfla.org\/ikiwiki\/selibre\/linux-libre\/\">piln\u012bb\u0101 br\u012bvas linux-libre 5.2 kodols<\/a><\/noindex> &#8212; <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/linux-libre.fsfla.org\/pub\/linux-libre\/releases\/5.2-gnu\/\">Linux-libre 5.2-gnu<\/a><\/noindex>, not\u012br\u012bts no elementi, kas satur neat\u013cautus komponentus vai koda da\u013cas, kuru izmanto\u0161ana ierobe\u017eota ra\u017eot\u0101ja. Jaunaj\u0101 laidien\u0101 iek\u013cauta failu iel\u0101de<br \/>\nSound Open Firmware. Iek\u013cauta blo\u0137\u0113t\u0101ju iel\u0101de draiveros<br \/>\n mt7615, rtw88, rtw8822b, rtw8822c, btmtksdio, iqs5xx, ishtp un ucsi_ccg. Atjaunin\u0101ts blo\u0137\u0113t\u0101ju t\u012br\u012b\u0161anas kods draiveros un apak\u0161sist\u0113m\u0101s ixp4xx, imx-sdma, amdgpu, nouveau un goya, k\u0101 ar\u012b mikrokoda dokument\u0101cij\u0101. T\u012br\u012b\u0161anas darb\u012bbas draiver\u012b r8822be tika p\u0101rtrauktas sakar\u0101 ar t\u0101 no\u0146em\u0161anu.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Avots: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51051\">opennet.lv<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.2. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b Ext4 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0424\u0421, \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f GPU Mali 4xx\/ 6xx\/7xx, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 sysctl \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0445 BPF, device-mapper \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c dm-dust, 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