{"id":38521,"date":"2019-10-31T22:24:16","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:24:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kto-takie-devops\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:24:16","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:24:16","slug":"kto-takie-devops","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kto-takie-devops","title":{"rendered":"Kas ir DevOps?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pa\u0161laik t\u0101 ir gandr\u012bz d\u0101rg\u0101k\u0101 poz\u012bcija tirg\u016b. Troksnis ap &#171;DevOps&#187; in\u017eenieriem p\u0101rsniedz visus iedom\u0101jamus ierobe\u017eojumus, bet v\u0113l slikt\u0101k ir ar Senior DevOps in\u017eenieriem.<br \/>\nEs str\u0101d\u0101ju par integr\u0101cijas un automatiz\u0101cijas noda\u013cas vad\u012bt\u0101ju, uzminiet ang\u013cu at\u0161ifr\u0113jumu \u2014 DevOps Manager. Vai tie\u0161\u0101m ang\u013cu at\u0161ifr\u0113jums atspogu\u013co m\u016bsu ikdienas darb\u012bbu \u2014 dr\u012bz\u0101k n\u0113, bet krievu variants \u0161aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 ir prec\u012bz\u0101ks. \u0145emot v\u0113r\u0101 manu darb\u012bbas veidu, ir skaidrs, ka man ir nepiecie\u0161ams interv\u0113t n\u0101kamos komandas dal\u012bbniekus, un, pag\u0101ju\u0161\u0101 gada laik\u0101, caur mani ir izg\u0101ju\u0161i ap 50 cilv\u0113ku, k\u0101 v\u0113l tikpat tika noraid\u012bti p\u0113c preskr\u012bna ar maniem darbiniekiem.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>M\u0113s joproj\u0101m mekl\u0113jam kol\u0113\u0123us, jo aiz DevOps z\u012bmol\u0101 sl\u0113pjas \u013coti liela da\u017e\u0101du in\u017eenieru k\u0101rta.<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Visi t\u0101l\u0101k min\u0113tie ir mani person\u012bgie uzskati, j\u016bs neesat pien\u0101kuma tiem piekrist, tom\u0113r es pie\u013cauju, ka tas var pie\u0161\u0137irt nokr\u0101su j\u016bsu attieksmei pret \u0161o t\u0113mu. Neskatoties uz risku iekulties nepatik\u0161an\u0101s, es public\u0113ju savu viedokli, jo uzskatu, ka tam ir vieta.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Uz\u0146\u0113mumi da\u017e\u0101di saprot, kas ir DevOps in\u017eenieri, un, lai \u0101tri nol\u012bgu resursus, pie\u0161\u0137ir \u0161o z\u012bmolu visiem. Situ\u0101cija ir diezgan d\u012bvaina, jo uz\u0146\u0113mumi ir gatavi maks\u0101t neticamas atl\u012bdz\u012bbas \u0161iem cilv\u0113kiem, ieg\u016bstot par vi\u0146iem, liel\u0101koties, administratoru-instrumentu speci\u0101listu.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"tak-kto-zhe-takie-devops-inzhenery\">T\u0101tad, kas ir DevOps in\u017eenieri?<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>S\u0101ksim ar st\u0101stu par to, k\u0101 rad\u0101s \u2013 Development Operations rad\u0101s k\u0101 v\u0113l viens solis, lai optimiz\u0113tu sadarb\u012bbu neliel\u0101s komand\u0101s, lai palielin\u0101tu ra\u017eo\u0161anas \u0101trumu, k\u0101 sagaid\u0101mu rezult\u0101tu. Ideja bija nostiprin\u0101t izstr\u0101des komandu ar zin\u0101\u0161an\u0101m par proced\u016br\u0101m un pieej\u0101m produktu vid\u0113. Citiem v\u0101rdiem sakot, izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jam j\u0101izprot un j\u0101zina, k\u0101 vi\u0146a produkts darbojas da\u017e\u0101dos apst\u0101k\u013cos, j\u0101zina, k\u0101 novietot savu produktu, k\u0101das vides \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas j\u0101maina, lai uzlabotu veiktsp\u0113ju. T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di, k\u0101du laiku v\u0113l\u0101k, par\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji ar DevOps pieeju. DevOps izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji rakst\u012bja apkopo\u0161anas un iepako\u0161anas skriptus, lai atvieglotu savu darb\u012bbu un nodro\u0161in\u0101tu produkcijas vides darb\u012bbu. Tom\u0113r risin\u0101jumu arhitekt\u016bras sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u012bba un infrastrukt\u016bras komponentu savstarp\u0113j\u0101 ietekme ar laiku s\u0101ka pasliktin\u0101t vidi veiktsp\u0113ju, ar katru iter\u0101ciju pras\u012bja aizvien dzi\u013c\u0101kas izpratnes par konkr\u0113tiem komponentiem, samazinot pa\u0161a izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja produktivit\u0101ti papildu izdevumu d\u0113\u013c, lai izprastu komponentus un piel\u0101gotu sist\u0113mas konkr\u0113t\u0101m vajadz\u012bb\u0101m. Izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja izmaksas pieauga, l\u012bdz ar to pieauga ar\u012b produkta izmaksas, strauji pieauga jauno izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju pras\u012bbas komand\u0101, jo vi\u0146iem vajadz\u0113ja segt \u00abzvaigznes\u00bb izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja pien\u0101kumus, un, protams, \u00abzvaigznes\u00bb k\u013cuva arvien maz\u0101k pieejamas. Ar\u012b j\u0101atz\u012bm\u0113, ka, p\u0113c manas pieredzes, maz kur\u0161 izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju interes\u0113 oper\u0113t\u0101jsist\u0113mas kodola paket\u0113\u0161anas apstr\u0101des specifika, paketes mar\u0161rut\u0113\u0161anas noteikumi, hosta dro\u0161\u012bbas aspekti. Lo\u0123isks solis bija piesaist\u012bt administratoru, kuram \u0161\u012bs lietas ir paz\u012bstamas, un uzlikt vi\u0146am \u0161\u0101da veida pien\u0101kumus, kas, pateicoties vi\u0146a pieredzei, \u013c\u0101va sasniegt tos pa\u0161us r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101jus par zem\u0101k\u0101m izmaks\u0101m sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar \u00abzvaigznes\u00bb izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja izmaks\u0101m. \u0160\u0101dus administratorus iek\u013c\u0101va komand\u0101, un vi\u0146a galvenais uzdevums bija p\u0101rvald\u012bt test\u0113\u0161anas un produkcijas vides, p\u0113c konkr\u0113t\u0101s komandas noteikumiem, ar resursiem, kas pie\u0161\u0137irti tie\u0161i \u0161ai komandai. T\u0101, faktiski, ar\u012b rad\u0101s DevOps liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca izpratnes.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Da\u013c\u0113ji vai piln\u012bgi, laika gait\u0101, datorsist\u0113mu administratori s\u0101kotn\u0113ji s\u0101ka saprast konkr\u0113t\u0101s izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju komandas vajadz\u012bbas, k\u0101 atvieglot izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem un test\u0113t\u0101jiem dz\u012bvi, k\u0101 izlaist atjaunin\u0101jumu un nepalikt piektdienas vakar\u0101 biroj\u0101, labojot izvieto\u0161anas k\u013c\u016bdas. Laiks pag\u0101ja, un tagad \"zvaigznes\" k\u013cuva par datorsist\u0113mu administratoriem, kas saprat\u0101ja, ko v\u0113las izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji. M\u0113r\u0137is minimiz\u0113t ietekmi noz\u012bm\u0113ja, ka tika ieviestas p\u0101rvald\u012bbas util\u012btas, visi atcer\u0113j\u0101s vecos un uzticamos oper\u0113t\u0101jsist\u0113mas izol\u0101cijas metodes, kas \u013c\u0101va minimiz\u0113t dro\u0161\u012bbas pras\u012bbas, t\u012bkla p\u0101rvald\u012bbu un visp\u0101r\u0113jo hosta konfigur\u0101ciju, un rezult\u0101t\u0101 samazin\u0101ja pras\u012bbas jaunaj\u0101m \"zvaigzn\u0113m\". <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Par\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s \"br\u012bni\u0161\u0137\u012bgs\" r\u012bks \u2014 docker. K\u0101p\u0113c br\u012bni\u0161\u0137\u012bgs? T\u0101p\u0113c, ka izol\u0101cijas izveide chroot vai jail, k\u0101 ar\u012b OpenVZ pras\u012bja ne triv\u0101las oper\u0113t\u0101jsist\u0113mas zin\u0101\u0161anas, bet \u0161aj\u0101 util\u012bt\u0113 bija iesp\u0113jams vienk\u0101r\u0161i izveidot izol\u0113tu lietojumprogrammu vidi uz k\u0101da hosta ar visu nepiecie\u0161amo iek\u0161\u0101 un atdot izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem ties\u012bbas p\u0101rvald\u012bt pa\u0161i, kam\u0113r datorsist\u0113mu administrators var\u0113ja p\u0101rvald\u012bt tikai vienu hostu, nodro\u0161inot t\u0101 dro\u0161\u012bbu un augstu pieejam\u012bbu \u2014 lo\u0123isks vienk\u0101r\u0161o\u0161anas solis. Tom\u0113r progress neapst\u0101jas un sist\u0113mas k\u013c\u016bst arvien sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101kas, komponentu k\u013c\u016bst arvien vair\u0101k, viens hosts vairs nepietiek sist\u0113mas vajadz\u012bb\u0101m un ir nepiecie\u0161ams veidot klasterus, m\u0113s atkal atgrie\u017eamies pie datorsist\u0113mu administratoriem, kas sp\u0113j veidot \u0161\u012bs sist\u0113mas.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Cikls p\u0113c cikla, par\u0101d\u0101s da\u017e\u0101das sist\u0113mas, kas vienk\u0101r\u0161o izstr\u0101di un\/vai administr\u0113\u0161anu, par\u0101d\u0101s or\u0137estr\u0101cijas sist\u0113mas, kas, kam\u0113r nav nepiecie\u0161ams atk\u0101pties no standarta procesa, ir viegli lietojamas. Mikroservisu arhitekt\u016bra ar\u012b par\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s, lai vienk\u0101r\u0161otu iepriek\u0161 min\u0113to \u2014 maz\u0101k saik\u0146u, viegl\u0101k p\u0101rvald\u0101ma. Man\u0101 pieredz\u0113 es piln\u012bb\u0101 nesaskaros ar mikroservisu arhitekt\u016bru, es teiktu, ka tas ir 50 pret 50 \u2014 50 procenti mikroservisu, meln\u0101 kaste, kas ien\u0101k iek\u0161\u0101, izn\u0101k apstr\u0101d\u0101ta, citi 50 \u2014 sapl\u0113sts monol\u012bts, pakalpojumi nesp\u0113j darboties atsevi\u0161\u0137i no citiem komponentiem. Viss \u0161is process atkal nosaka ierobe\u017eojumus gan izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju, gan administratoru zin\u0101\u0161anu l\u012bmenim.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u0160\u0101da veida \"\u0161\u016bpo\u0161an\u0101s\" ar konkr\u0113t\u0101 resursa ekspertu zin\u0101\u0161an\u0101m turpin\u0101s ar\u012b \u0161odien. Bet m\u0113s nedaudz novirz\u012bj\u0101mies no t\u0113mas, ir daudz momentu, kurus v\u0113rts apspriest.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"build-engineerrelease-engineer\">Build Engineer\/Release Engineer<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u013boti \u0161auras specialit\u0101tes in\u017eenieri, kas radu\u0161ies, lai standartiz\u0113tu programmat\u016bras b\u016bves un izlai\u0161anas procesus. Ievie\u0161ot pla\u0161u Agile izmanto\u0161anu, \u0161\u0137ita, ka vi\u0146i ir zaud\u0113ju\u0161i piepras\u012bjumu, ta\u010du tas ir t\u0101lu no paties\u012bbas. \u0160\u012b specializ\u0101cija rad\u0101s k\u0101 l\u012bdzeklis tie\u0161i programmat\u016bras b\u016bves un pieg\u0101des standartiz\u0113\u0161anai industri\u0101l\u0101s m\u0113rogos, t.i., izmantojot standarta tehnikas visiem uz\u0146\u0113muma produktiem. Ar DevOps par\u0101d\u012b\u0161anos izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji da\u013c\u0113ji zaud\u0113ja savas funkcijas, jo tie\u0161i izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji s\u0101ka sagatavot produktu pieg\u0101dei. \u0145emot v\u0113r\u0101 Main\u012bg\u0101s infrastrukt\u016bras un pieg\u0101des pieejas, tie vis\u0101tr\u0101k p\u0101rv\u0113rt\u0101s par aprobe\u017eojumiem izmai\u0146\u0101m, jo standartiem kvalit\u0101tes saglab\u0101\u0161anai neat\u0146emami pal\u0113nina pieg\u0101des. T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di pak\u0101peniski da\u013ca Build\/Release in\u017eenieru funkcionalit\u0101tes p\u0101rc\u0113l\u0101s uz sist\u0113mu administratoru pleciem.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"opsy-takie-raznye\">Ops&#8217;i ir tik da\u017e\u0101di<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>M\u0113s virz\u0101mies t\u0101l\u0101k, un atkal liels uzdevumu loks un kvalific\u0113tu darbinieku tr\u016bkums mudina m\u016bs uz stingru specializ\u0101ciju, k\u0101 s\u0113nes p\u0113c lietus, par\u0101d\u0101s da\u017e\u0101das Operations:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>TechOps \u2014 sist\u0113mu administratori e\u0146\u0123e\u013ci aka HelpDesk Engineer<\/li>\n<li>LiveOps \u2014 sist\u0113mu administratori, kas galvenok\u0101rt atbild par produkt\u012bvaj\u0101m vid\u0113m<\/li>\n<li>CloudOps \u2014 sist\u0113mu administratori, kas specializ\u0113jas publiskajos \"m\u0101kon\u012b\" Azure, AWS, GCP utt.<\/li>\n<li>PlatOps\/InfraOps\/SysOps \u2014 infrastrukt\u016bras sist\u0113mu administratori.<\/li>\n<li>NetOps \u2014 t\u012bklu administratori<\/li>\n<li>SecOps \u2014 sist\u0113mu administratori, kas specializ\u0113jas inform\u0101cijas dro\u0161\u012bb\u0101 \u2014 PCI atbilst\u012bba, CIS atbilst\u012bba, iel\u0101pi utt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>DevOps \u2014 (teor\u0113tiski) persona, kura patiesi izprot visus izstr\u0101des cikla procesus \u2014 izstr\u0101di, test\u0113\u0161anu, izprot produkta arhitekt\u016bru, sp\u0113j nov\u0113rt\u0113t dro\u0161\u012bbas riskus, ir paz\u012bstama ar automatiz\u0101cijas pieej\u0101m un l\u012bdzek\u013ciem vismaz augst\u0101 l\u012bmen\u012b, turkl\u0101t izprot ar\u012b produktu pirms un p\u0113c izlai\u0161anas atbalstu. Persona, kas sp\u0113j kalpot k\u0101 starpnieks gan Oper\u0101cij\u0101m, gan Izstr\u0101dei, \u013caujot izveidot labv\u0113l\u012bgu sadarb\u012bbu starp \u0161iem diviem balstiem. Izprot komandu darba pl\u0101no\u0161anas procesus un klientu cer\u012bbu vad\u012bbu.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Lai veiktu \u0161\u0101da veida darbu un pien\u0101kumu, \u0161ai personai j\u0101b\u016bt r\u012bkiem ne tikai izstr\u0101des un test\u0113\u0161anas procesu, bet ar\u012b produkta infrastrukt\u016bras p\u0101rvald\u012bbai un resursu pl\u0101no\u0161anai. DevOps \u0161aj\u0101 izpratn\u0113 nedr\u012bkst b\u016bt tikai IT, R&amp;D vai pat PMO, tam j\u0101b\u016bt ietekmei vis\u0101s \u0161aj\u0101s jom\u0101s \u2014 uz\u0146\u0113muma tehniskajam direktoram, Chief Technical Officer.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Vai tas t\u0101 ir j\u016bsu uz\u0146\u0113mum\u0101? \u2014 \u0160aubos. Vairum\u0101 gad\u012bjumu tas ir vai nu IT, vai R&amp;D.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>L\u012bdzek\u013cu un iesp\u0113ju ietekm\u0113t vismaz vienu no \u0161iem trim darb\u012bbas virzieniem tr\u016bkums rad\u012bs probl\u0113mu smaguma p\u0101rvieto\u0161anos uz to, kur \u0161\u012bs izmai\u0146as viegl\u0101k piem\u0113rot, piem\u0113ram, tehnisko ierobe\u017eojumu noteik\u0161anu izlaidumiem saist\u012bb\u0101 ar \u201cnet\u012bro\u201d kodu, saska\u0146\u0101 ar statisk\u0101 koda anal\u012bzes sist\u0113mas datiem. Proti, kad PMO nosaka stingru termi\u0146u funkcionalit\u0101tes izdo\u0161anai, R&amp;D nesp\u0113j nodro\u0161in\u0101t kvalitat\u012bvu rezult\u0101tu \u0161ajos termi\u0146os un dara, k\u0101 var, atlikdams refaktoringu uz v\u0113l\u0101k, DevOps, kas attiecas uz IT, ar tehniskajiem l\u012bdzek\u013ciem blo\u0137\u0113 izlaidumu. Pilnvaru tr\u016bkums situ\u0101cijas mai\u0146ai, attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz atbild\u012bgajiem darbiniekiem, noved pie p\u0101rm\u0113r\u012bgas atbild\u012bbas par to, uz ko vi\u0146i nevar ietekm\u0113t, jo \u012bpa\u0161i, ja \u0161ie darbinieki izprot un redz k\u013c\u016bdas un to, k\u0101 t\u0101s labot \u2014 \u201cLaime nezin\u0101\u0161an\u0101\u201d, un k\u0101 sekas \u2014 uz pl\u016bdu un \u0161o darbinieku zudumu.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"rynok-devops-resursov\">DevOps resursu tirgus<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Apskat\u012bsim da\u017eas vakances DevOps poz\u012bcijai no da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m komp\u0101nij\u0101m. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>M\u0113s esam gatavi tikties ar jums, ja j\u016bs:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>P\u0101rzin\u0101t Zabbix un zin\u0101t, kas ir Prometheus;<\/li>\n<li>Iptables;<\/li>\n<li>BASH aspirants;<\/li>\n<li>Ansible profesors;<\/li>\n<li>Linux guru;<\/li>\n<li>J\u016bs sp\u0113jat izmantot debugu un kop\u0101 ar izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem atrast probl\u0113mas lietojumprogramm\u0101s (php\/java\/python); <\/li>\n<li>Mar\u0161rut\u0113\u0161ana j\u016bs nesatrauc;<\/li>\n<li>J\u016bs piev\u0113r\u0161at lielu uzman\u012bbu sist\u0113mas dro\u0161\u012bbai;<\/li>\n<li>J\u016bs veicat \u00abvisi un viss\u00bb dubl\u0113\u0161anu un veiksm\u012bgi atjaunojat \u0161o \u00abvisi un viss\u00bb;<\/li>\n<li>J\u016bs sp\u0113jat konfigur\u0113t sist\u0113mu t\u0101, lai maksim\u0101li izmantotu minimumu;<\/li>\n<li>J\u016bs iestat\u0101t replik\u0101cijas pirms miega uz Postgres un MySQL;<\/li>\n<li>CI\/CD konfigur\u0101cija un kori\u0123\u0113\u0161ana jums ir nepiecie\u0161ama k\u0101 brokastis\/pusdienas\/vakari\u0146as.<\/li>\n<li>Jums ir pieredze darb\u0101 ar AWS;<\/li>\n<li>J\u016bs esat gatavs att\u012bst\u012bties kop\u0101 ar uz\u0146\u0113mumu;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>T\u0101tad:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>no 1 l\u012bdz 6 \u2013 sist\u0113mas administrators<\/li>\n<li>7 \u2013 nedaudz t\u012bkla administr\u0113\u0161anas, kas ar\u012b iek\u013caujas vid\u0113j\u0101 l\u012bme\u0146a administr\u0113\u0161anas jom\u0101<\/li>\n<li>8 \u2013 nedaudz dro\u0161\u012bbas, kas ir oblig\u0101ta vid\u0113j\u0101 l\u012bme\u0146a administratoram<\/li>\n<li>9-11 \u2013 Vid\u0113j\u0101 l\u012bme\u0146a Sist\u0113mas administrators<\/li>\n<li>12 \u2013 Atkar\u012bb\u0101 no uzdotajiem uzdevumiem vai nu vid\u0113j\u0101 l\u012bme\u0146a sist\u0113mas administrators, vai Build Engineer<\/li>\n<li>13 \u2013 Virtualiz\u0101cija \u2013 Vid\u0113j\u0101 l\u012bme\u0146a Sist\u0113mas administrators, vai saukts ar\u012b par CloudOps, ar padzi\u013cin\u0101t\u0101m zin\u0101\u0161an\u0101m tie\u0161i konkr\u0113t\u0101s platformas pakalpojumos, lai efekt\u012bvi izmantotu finan\u0161u l\u012bdzek\u013cus un samazin\u0101tu apkalpo\u0161anas slodzi <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/\"   title=\"hostings\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2346\">hostings<\/a> Apkopojot \u0161o vakanci, var teikt, ka pui\u0161iem pietiek ar vid\u0113j\u0101 \/ vec\u0101k\u0101 l\u012bme\u0146a sist\u0113mas administratoru.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Starpcitu, nevajag \u013coti dal\u012bt administratorus Linux \/ Windows. Es protams saprotu, ka \u0161o divu pasau\u013cu pakalpojumi un sist\u0113mas at\u0161\u0137iras, bet pamats visiem ir viens, un jebkur\u0161 sevi cieno\u0161s administrators ir iepazinies ar abiem, un pat ja nav iepazinies, tad prasm\u012bgam administratoram neb\u016bs gr\u016bti to izp\u0113t\u012bt.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Apspried\u012bsim citu vakanci:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pieredze augsti noslogotu sist\u0113mu b\u016bv\u0113\u0161an\u0101;<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<ol>\n<li>Lieliskas zin\u0101\u0161anas par OS Linux, visp\u0101r\u0113j\u0101m sist\u0113mu programm\u0101m un t\u012bmek\u013ca steku (Nginx, PHP\/Python, HAProxy, MySQL\/PostgreSQL, Memcached, Redis, RabbitMQ, ELK);<\/li>\n<li>Pieredze darb\u0101 ar virtualiz\u0101cijas sist\u0113m\u0101m (<\/li>\n<li>, VMWare, LXC\/Docker);<a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"KVM\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4370\">KVM<\/a>Izpratne par skriptu valod\u0101m;<\/li>\n<li>Izpratne par t\u012bkla protokolu darb\u012bbas principiem;<\/li>\n<li>Izpratne par notur\u012bgu sist\u0113mu veido\u0161anas principiem;<\/li>\n<li>Patst\u0101v\u012bba un iniciat\u012bva;<\/li>\n<li>Izskat\u0101m:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>1 \u2013 Senior Sist\u0113mas administrators<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>2 \u2013 Atkar\u012bb\u0101 no j\u0113gas, ko m\u0113s ieguld\u0101m \u0161aj\u0101 stek\u0101 \u2013 vid\u0113j\u0101 \/ vec\u0101k\u0101 l\u012bme\u0146a sist\u0113mas administrators<\/li>\n<li>3 \u2013 Pieredze darb\u0101, tostarp var noz\u012bm\u0113t \u2013 \u00abKlastu neesmu c\u0113lis, bet rad\u012bju un p\u0101rvald\u012bju virtualiz\u0101cijas, bija viens Docker vies\u0113jo hostu, piek\u013cuve konteineriem\u00bb \u2013 vid\u0113j\u0101 l\u012bme\u0146a sist\u0113mas administrators<\/li>\n<li>4 \u2013 Pieredze ar DevOps procesiem, kas ir sapr\u0101t\u012bga vid\u0113j\u0101 l\u012bme\u0146a sist\u0113mas administratoram<\/li>\n<li>4 \u2014 Junior System Administrator \u2014 j\u0101, administrators, kur\u0161 neprot rakst\u012bt element\u0101rus automatiz\u0101cijas skriptus, neatkar\u012bgi no valodas, nav administrators \u2014 \u0113ne.<\/li>\n<li>5 \u2014 Middle System Administrator<\/li>\n<li>6 \u2014 Senior System Administrator<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Kopsavilkums \u2014 Middle\/Senior System Administrator<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V\u0113l viena:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<ol>\n<li>DevOps darba pieredze;<\/li>\n<li>Pieredze darb\u0101 ar vienu vai vair\u0101kiem produktiem CI\/CD procesu izveid\u0113. GitLab CI b\u016bs priek\u0161roc\u012bba;<\/li>\n<li>Darbs ar konteineriem un virtualiz\u0101ciju; Ja esat izmantoju\u0161i Docker \u2013 labi, bet ja Kubernetes \u2013 lieliski!<\/li>\n<li>Pieredze darb\u0101 agile komand\u0101;<\/li>\n<li>Zin\u0101\u0161anas par jebkuru programm\u0113\u0161anas valodu;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Apskat\u012bsim:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1 \u2014 Hmm\u2026 Ko pui\u0161i ar to dom\u0101? =) Iesp\u0113jams, vi\u0146i pa\u0161i nezina, kas ar to sl\u0113pjas<\/li>\n<li>2 \u2014 Build Engineer<\/li>\n<li>3 \u2014 Middle System Administrator<\/li>\n<li>4 \u2014 M\u012bkst\u0101s prasmes, pagaid\u0101m neapskat\u012bsim, lai gan Agile ir v\u0113l viena lieta, ko interpret\u0113 k\u0101 \u0113rti.<\/li>\n<li>5 \u2014 P\u0101r\u0101k pla\u0161i \u2014 tas var b\u016bt skriptu valoda vai kompil\u0113jama. Interesanti, vai t\u0101s uzrun\u0101s cilv\u0113ku, kur\u0161 skol\u0101 rakst\u012bjis uz Pascal un Basic? =)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V\u0113l\u0113tos ar\u012b piebilst par 3. punktu, lai nostiprin\u0101tu izpratni, k\u0101p\u0113c \u0161o punktu sedz sist\u0113mas administrators. Kubernetes ir tikai or\u0137estr\u0101cija, r\u012bks, kas aptver tie\u0161\u0101s komandas t\u012bkla un virtualiz\u0101cijas\/izol\u0101cijas draiveriem p\u0101ris komandu un \u013cauj izveidot sazi\u0146u ar tiem abstraktu, tas ar\u012b viss. Piem\u0113ram, \u0146emsim &#8216;build framework&#8217; Make, kuru es, starp citu, nesauktu par framework. J\u0101, es zinu par modi ieviest Make visur, kur tas nepiecie\u0161ams un kur ne \u2014 piem\u0113ram, apv\u012btot Maven ar Make, tie\u0161\u0101m?<br \/>\nPati Make ir tikai apvalks virs shell, kas atvieglo kompIl\u0101cijas, link\u0113\u0161anas, kompIl\u0101cijas vid\u0113\u0161anas komandas, t\u0101pat k\u0101 Kubernetes.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Reiz es interv\u0113ju puisi, kur\u0161 izmantoja Kubernetes sav\u0101 darb\u0101 virs OpenStack, un vi\u0146\u0161 st\u0101st\u012bja, k\u0101 izveidoja pakalpojumus uz t\u0101, tom\u0113r, kad es jaut\u0101ju tie\u0161i par OpenStack, izr\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s, ka to administr\u0113, t\u0101pat k\u0101 uzst\u0101da sist\u0113mu administratori. Vai j\u016bs tie\u0161\u0101m dom\u0101jat, ka cilv\u0113ks, kur\u0161 uzst\u0101d\u012bjis OpenStack, neatkar\u012bgi no t\u0101, kuru platformu vi\u0146\u0161 izmanto, nav sp\u0113j\u012bgs izmantot Kubernetes?=)<br \/>\n\u0160is pretendents paties\u012bb\u0101 nav DevOps, bet t\u0101ds pats Sist\u0113mas Administrators un, lai b\u016btu prec\u012bz\u0101ks, Kubernetes Administrators.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Kopsavilkum\u0101, Middle\/Senior System Administrator vi\u0146iem b\u016bs pietiekami.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"skolko-veshat-v-grammah\">Cik kg piestiprin\u0101t<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pied\u0101v\u0101to algu diapazons min\u0113t\u0101m vakanc\u0113m \u2014 90k-200k<br \/>\nTagad v\u0113l\u0113tos izdar\u012bt sal\u012bdzin\u0101jumu starp Sist\u0113mu Administratoru un DevOps in\u017eenieru naudas atl\u012bdz\u012bb\u0101m.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Princip\u0101, vienk\u0101r\u0161o\u0161anas labad var\u0113tu sadal\u012bt gr\u0101dus p\u0113c darba pieredzes, lai gan tas neb\u016bs prec\u012bzi, raksta vajadz\u012bb\u0101m pietiks.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pieredze:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>l\u012bdz 3 gadiem \u2014 Junior<\/li>\n<li>l\u012bdz 6 gadiem \u2014 Middle<\/li>\n<li>vair\u0101k par 6 gadiem \u2014 Senior<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Darbinieku mekl\u0113\u0161anas vietne pied\u0101v\u0101:<br \/>\nSist\u0113mu administratori:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Junior \u2014 2 gadi \u2014 50k rub.<\/li>\n<li>Middle \u2014 5 gadi \u2014 70k rub.<\/li>\n<li>Senior \u2014 11 gadi \u2014 100k rub.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>DevOps in\u017eenieri:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Junior \u2014 2 gadi \u2014 100k rub.<\/li>\n<li>Middle \u2014 3 gadi \u2014 160k rub.<\/li>\n<li>Senior \u2014 6 gadi \u2014 220k rub.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Par \"DevOps\"&#8217;u pieredzi tika izmantota pieredze, kas kaut k\u0101d\u0101 veid\u0101 attiecas uz SDLC.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>No iepriek\u0161min\u0113t\u0101 izriet, ka paties\u012bb\u0101 uz\u0146\u0113mumiem nav nepiecie\u0161ami DevOps&#8217;i, un vi\u0146i var\u0113tu ietaup\u012bt vismaz 50 procentus no s\u0101kotn\u0113ji pl\u0101notajiem izdevumiem, pie\u0146emot darb\u0101 tie\u0161i Administratoru, turkl\u0101t vi\u0146i var\u0113tu skaidr\u0101k noteikt mekl\u0113t\u0101s personas pien\u0101kumus un \u0101tr\u0101k apmierin\u0101t vajadz\u012bbu. Nedr\u012bkst ar\u012b aizmirst, ka skaidra atbild\u012bbas sadal\u012b\u0161ana \u013cauj samazin\u0101t pras\u012bbas person\u0101lam un rad\u012bt labv\u0113l\u012bg\u0101ku atmosf\u0113ru kolekt\u012bv\u0101, jo nav p\u0101rkl\u0101\u0161an\u0101s. Liel\u0101kaj\u0101 da\u013c\u0101 vakanc\u0113s ir paman\u0101mi r\u012bki un DevOps eti\u0137etes, ta\u010du neietver patiesas pras\u012bbas pret DevOps in\u017eenieri, tikai piepras\u012bjumus uz r\u012bku administratoru.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>DevOps in\u017eenieru apm\u0101c\u012bbas process ir ar\u012b ierobe\u017eots tikai ar specifisku darbu un util\u012bt\u0101m, nesniedzot kop\u0113ju izpratni par procesiem un to atkar\u012bb\u0101m. Protams, ir labi, kad cilv\u0113ks var, izmantojot Terraform, izvietot AWS EKS, saist\u012bb\u0101 ar Fluentd s\u0101nu konteineru \u0161aj\u0101 klaster\u012b un AWS ELK steku sist\u0113mas \u017eurn\u0101lv\u0113stures veik\u0161anai 10 min\u016bt\u0113s, izmantojot tikai vienu komandu konsol\u0113, bet, ja vi\u0146\u0161 nesaprot pati principus \u017eurn\u0101lu apstr\u0101d\u0113 un k\u0101d\u0113\u013c tie ir nepiecie\u0161ami, nezinot, k\u0101 sav\u0101kt metrikas un izsekot pakalpojuma degrad\u0101ciju, tad tas b\u016bs tas pats enkid\u012b, kas sp\u0113j izmantot da\u017eas util\u012btas.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pied\u0101v\u0101jums, protams, rodas no piepras\u012bjuma, un m\u0113s redzam \u013coti p\u0101rkarsto tirgu DevOps amatu, kur pras\u012bbas neatbilst re\u0101lajai lomai, bet \u013cauj sist\u0113mu administratoriem peln\u012bt vair\u0101k.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>T\u0101tad, kas vi\u0146i paties\u012bb\u0101 ir? DevOps&#8217;i vai izsalku\u0161i sist\u0113mas administratori? =)<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"kak-dalshe-zhit\">K\u0101 dz\u012bvot t\u0101l\u0101k?<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Darbiniekiem \u2014 prec\u012bz\u0101k formul\u0113t pras\u012bbas un mekl\u0113t tie\u0161i tos, kas nepiecie\u0161ami, nevis izplat\u012bt birkas. Ja nezin\u0101t, ko dara DevOps, vi\u0146i jums \u0161aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 nav nepiecie\u0161ami.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Darbiniekiem \u2014 m\u0101c\u012bties. Past\u0101v\u012bgi pilnveidot savas zin\u0101\u0161anas, skat\u012bties uz kop\u0113jo procesu ainu un sekot ce\u013cam uz nolikto m\u0113r\u0137i. Var k\u013c\u016bt par ko vien v\u0113lies, tikai j\u0101r\u016bp\u0113jas.<\/p>\n<p>Avots: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/469277\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0435. \u0421\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 &#171;DevOps&#187; \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b, \u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0445\u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0441 Senior DevOps \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u042f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0443\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u2014 DevOps Manager. \u041e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u2014 \u0432\u0440\u044f\u0434 \u043b\u0438, \u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38521","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.5 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0435.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kto-takie-devops\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.5\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"lv_LV\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47\u041a\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 DevOps? 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