{"id":40621,"date":"2020-02-02T10:39:27","date_gmt":"2020-02-02T07:39:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/kak-ya-prepodaval-a-potom-metodichku-po-python-pisal"},"modified":"2020-02-02T10:39:27","modified_gmt":"2020-02-02T07:39:27","slug":"kak-ya-prepodaval-a-potom-metodichku-po-python-pisal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/blog\/kak-ya-prepodaval-a-potom-metodichku-po-python-pisal","title":{"rendered":"K\u0101 es m\u0101c\u012bju, un p\u0113c tam rakst\u012bju metodisko materi\u0101lu par Python","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"K\u0101
\nPag\u0101ju\u0161o gadu es nostr\u0101d\u0101ju par pasniedz\u0113ju vien\u0101 no provinc\u0113m eso\u0161ajos m\u0101c\u012bbu centros (turpm\u0101k \u2014 MC), kas specializ\u0113jas programm\u0113\u0161anas m\u0101c\u012bb\u0101. Neiek\u013cau\u0161u \u0161\u012b m\u0101c\u012bbu centra nosaukumu un visp\u0101r cent\u012b\u0161os izvair\u012bties no uz\u0146\u0113mumu nosaukumiem, autoru uzv\u0101rdiem utt.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nT\u0101tad, es biju pasniedz\u0113js Python un Java. \u0160is MC ieg\u0101d\u0101j\u0101s metodiskos materi\u0101lus Java, bet Python tika palaists, kad es ierados un pied\u0101v\u0101ju to.<\/p>\n

Metodisko materi\u0101lu studentiem (princip\u0101, m\u0101c\u012bbu gr\u0101matu vai pa\u0161m\u0101c\u012bbas l\u012bdzekli) es rakst\u012bju par Python, bet lielu ietekmi atst\u0101ja Java m\u0101c\u012b\u0161ana un tur izmantotie metodiskie materi\u0101li.<\/p>\n

Teikt, ka tie bija briesm\u012bgi \u2014 tas ir nieks. Java m\u0101c\u012bbu gr\u0101matas modelis, ko pieg\u0101d\u0101 k\u0101ds \u013coti paz\u012bstams uz\u0146\u0113mums Krievij\u0101, nebija par to, lai iem\u0101c\u012btu cilv\u0113ku pamatus \u0161aj\u0101 valod\u0101 kopum\u0101 un OOP paradigmu jo \u012bpa\u0161i, bet par to, lai vec\u0101ki, kas n\u0101ca uz atkl\u0101taj\u0101m stund\u0101m, redz\u0113tu, k\u0101 vi\u0146u d\u0113li vai meitas nosken\u0113ja no gr\u0101matas \u010d\u016bsku vai \u0161ahu. K\u0101p\u0113c es saku, ka nosken\u0113ja? \u013boti vienk\u0101r\u0161i \u2014 gr\u0101mat\u0101 bija veselas lapas (A4) koda, da\u017eu momentu paskaidrojumu nebija. Rezult\u0101t\u0101 pasniedz\u0113jam j\u0101kontrol\u0113, kur\u0101 koda posm\u0101 \u0161obr\u012bd atrodas katrs students, skaidrojot katru rindu, vai ar\u012b viss nosl\u012bd uz sken\u0113\u0161anu.<\/p>\n

J\u016bs teiksiet: \u00abNu un kas? \u013baujiet pasniedz\u0113jam lab\u0101k str\u0101d\u0101t, bet \u0161ahs un \u010d\u016bska ir visp\u0101r lieliski!\u00bb<\/p>\n

Nu, viss b\u016btu lieliski, ja grup\u0101 neb\u016btu ap 15 cilv\u0113ku, un tas jau ir b\u016btiski, ja pl\u0101nojat uzraudz\u012bt visus, skaidrojot: \u00abUn tom\u0113r, ko m\u0113s \u0161eit rakst\u0101m?\u00bb<\/p>\n

Papildus cilv\u0113ku skaitam grup\u0101, ir v\u0113l viena probl\u0113ma, kas saist\u012bta ar \u0161o metodisko materi\u0101lu. Kods ir uzrakst\u012bts\u2026 k\u0101 lai jums pasaka, vienk\u0101r\u0161i briesm\u012bgi. Antipatternu kopums, arhaikas, jo gr\u0101mata sen nav atjaunota, un, protams, m\u016bsu m\u012b\u013cais stila rokasgr\u0101mata. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c, pat ja j\u016bs sp\u0113jat kontrol\u0113t visus savus audz\u0113k\u0146us un varat vi\u0146iem \u0101tri un saprotami izskaidrot, ko noz\u012bm\u0113 sken\u0113tais kods, pats kods ir tik briesm\u012bgs, ka m\u0101c\u012bs, maigi sakot, ne to.<\/p>\n

Un t\u0101 nu ir nosl\u0113gums, kas burtiski izn\u012bcina \u0161o m\u0101c\u012bbu gr\u0101matu \u2014 jau no pa\u0161a s\u0101kuma tr\u016bkst vismaz minim\u0101la ievada, kas skaidro, kas ir datu tipi, ka tie var b\u016bt objektu un primit\u012bvi, k\u0101di krit\u0113riji p\u0101rbauda \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbu, kas rada \u0161o dichotomiju utt. Pirmaj\u0101 noda\u013c\u0101 jums un j\u016bsu skol\u0113niem tiek pied\u0101v\u0101ts izveidot (uzrakst\u012bt) programmu, kas izveido logu un raksta taj\u0101 \u201eSveiki!\u201d, ta\u010du nav izskaidrots, ko \u012bsti \u0161is koda fragments noz\u012bm\u0113, tikai atsauces uz turpm\u0101k\u0101m nodarb\u012bb\u0101m, piem\u0113ram, tiek piemin\u0113ts \u201emain\u201d \u2014 ieejas punkts, bet pat netiek izteikts pats j\u0113dziens \u201eieejas punkts\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ja j\u0101apkopojam, tad \u0161is makulat\u016bras materi\u0101ls pat bija memes pat pedagogu un vad\u012bbas vid\u016b. T\u0101 nem\u0101c\u012bja b\u0113rnus piln\u012bgi neko, reizi man gad\u012bj\u0101s grupa, kas jau gadu m\u0101c\u012bj\u0101s p\u0113c \u0161iem materi\u0101liem, rezult\u0101t\u0101 vi\u0146i pat nesp\u0113ja uzrakst\u012bt ciklu, j\u0101atz\u012bm\u0113, ka visi vi\u0146i bija \u013coti viedi un dr\u012bz jau viss nebija tik slikti. Liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca kol\u0113\u0123u cent\u0101s nov\u0113rsties no metodiskajiem materi\u0101liem, lai materi\u0101ls tiktu saprasts, nevis vienk\u0101r\u0161i pazustu gais\u0101, lai gan bija ar\u012b maz\u0101k god\u012bgi cilv\u0113ki, kas uzskat\u012bja par norm\u0101lu, ka vi\u0146u skol\u0113ns noraksta bez k\u0101diem paskaidrojumiem.<\/p>\n

Kad k\u013cuva skaidrs, ka es no U\u0426 aizie\u0161u, un programma par Python j\u0101turpina n\u0101kamaj\u0101 gad\u0101, es s\u0101ku rakst\u012bt savu m\u0101c\u012bbu gr\u0101matu. \u012asi sakot, es to sadal\u012bju div\u0101s da\u013c\u0101s, pirmaj\u0101 skaidroju visu par datu tipiem, to b\u016bt\u012bbu, oper\u0101cij\u0101m ar tiem un valodas instrukcij\u0101m. Starp t\u0113m\u0101m veidoju QnA, lai n\u0101kotn\u0113jais skolot\u0101js sp\u0113tu saprast, k\u0101 skol\u0113ns apguvis t\u0113mu. Un beig\u0101s izveidoju nelielu uzdevumu-projektu. Pirmaj\u0101 da\u013c\u0101 t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di tiek skaidrotas valodas pamati un tos izskaidro, kas sast\u0101da aptuveni 12-13 stundas pa 30-40 min\u016bt\u0113m. Otraj\u0101 da\u013c\u0101 es jau uzrakst\u012bju par OOP, aprakst\u012bju, k\u0101 \u0161\u012bs paradigmas \u012bsteno\u0161ana Python at\u0161\u0137iras no liel\u0101k\u0101s da\u013cas citu, veicu daudzas atsauces uz stilu ce\u013cvedi utt. Ja j\u0101sakot \u012bsi \u2014 es centos b\u016bt maksim\u0101li nesal\u012bdzin\u0101ms ar to, kas bija m\u0101c\u012bbu gr\u0101mat\u0101 par Java. Nesen rakst\u012bju pa\u0161reiz\u0113jam Python pasniedz\u0113jam, jaut\u0101ju par materi\u0101lu atgriezenisko saiti un tagad esmu priec\u012bgs, ka viss ir labi, ka b\u0113rni patie\u0161\u0101m saprot programmat\u016bru uz Python.<\/p>\n

K\u0101du secin\u0101jumu es v\u0113l\u0113tos izdar\u012bt no \u0161\u012bs st\u0101sta: d\u0101rgie mani vec\u0101ki, ja j\u016bs nolemjat nodot b\u0113rnu m\u0101c\u012bties UC, tad r\u016bp\u012bgi sekot l\u012bdzi tam, ko vi\u0146i dara, lai j\u016bsu b\u0113rns negal\u012bgi nesl\u0113dz laiku, lai n\u0101kotn\u0113 nesag\u0101d\u0101tu vi\u0146am v\u0113l\u0113\u0161an\u0101s programm\u0113t.<\/p>\n

UPD: K\u0101 pareizi nor\u0101d\u012bja koment\u0101ros, es gandr\u012bz neko neizteicu par materi\u0101la pasnieg\u0161anu. Saku uzreiz, ka uzskatu, ka praks\u0113m j\u0101b\u016bt vair\u0101k, cik vien iesp\u0113jams. Katra nodarb\u012bbas beig\u0101s pirmaj\u0101 da\u013c\u0101 es veicu 4-5 mazas praktiskas uzdevumus par t\u0113mu. Starp noda\u013c\u0101m notika QnA (kontroles stundas), kur ar\u012b bija praktiski, bet jau v\u0113rt\u0113ti uzdevumi, ar\u012b pirm\u0101s da\u013cas beig\u0101s bija projekts ar t\u0113mu izv\u0113l\u0113 no pied\u0101v\u0101tajiem. Otraj\u0101 da\u013c\u0101 es izveidoju ievadu OOP caur konsoles mini-sp\u0113les izstr\u0101di, kas bija visa otr\u0101 da\u013ca un viss ievads paradigmai.<\/p>\n

Tikai re\u0123istr\u0113tie lietot\u0101ji var piedal\u012bties aptauj\u0101. Pieteikties<\/a><\/noindex>, l\u016bdzu.<\/p>\n

Vai j\u016bsu b\u0113rns m\u0101c\u0101s programm\u0113\u0161anu m\u0101c\u012bbu centr\u0101?<\/h2>\n