{"id":52506,"date":"2019-11-10T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-09T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/kak-napisat-smart-kontrakt-na-python-v-seti-ontology-chast-1-blockchain-block-api"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:00:15","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:00:15","slug":"kak-napisat-smart-kontrakt-na-python-v-seti-ontology-chast-1-blockchain-block-api","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-napisat-smart-kontrakt-na-python-v-seti-ontology-chast-1-blockchain-block-api","title":{"rendered":"K\u0101 uzrakst\u012bt viedkodu Python valod\u0101 Ontology t\u012bkl\u0101. 1. da\u013ca: Blockchain & Block API","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"K\u0101
\n
\n\u0160is ir pirmais raksts no s\u0113rijas par viedu l\u012bgumu izveidi Python programm\u0113 valod\u0101 Ontology blok\u0137\u0113d\u0113, izmantojot viedo l\u012bgumu izstr\u0101des r\u012bku. SmartX<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n

\u0160aj\u0101 rakst\u0101 m\u0113s s\u0101ksim iepaz\u012b\u0161anos ar Ontology viedo l\u012bgumu API. Ontology viedo l\u012bgumu API ir sadal\u012bts 7 modu\u013cos: <\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Blockchain & Block API, <\/li>\n
  2. Runtime API, <\/li>\n
  3. Storage API, <\/li>\n
  4. Native API, <\/li>\n
  5. Upgrade API, <\/li>\n
  6. Execution Engine API un <\/li>\n
  7. Static & Dynamic Call API.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nBlockchain & Block API ir svar\u012bg\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca no Ontology viedo l\u012bgumu sist\u0113mas. Blockchain API atbalsta pamata blok\u0137\u0113des piepras\u012bjumu oper\u0101cijas, piem\u0113ram, pa\u0161reiz\u0113j\u0101 bloka augstuma sa\u0146em\u0161anu, savuk\u0101rt Block API atbalsta pamata bloka piepras\u012bjumu oper\u0101cijas, piem\u0113ram, piepras\u012bjumu par dar\u012bjumu skaitu konkr\u0113taj\u0101 blok\u0101.<\/p>\n

    S\u0101ksim!<\/b><\/p>\n

    Vispirms izveidojiet jaunu l\u012bgumu SmartX<\/a><\/noindex>, un p\u0113c tam sekojiet zem\u0101k nor\u0101d\u012btaj\u0101m instrukcij\u0101m.
    \n     <\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

    1. K\u0101 izmantot Blockchain API<\/h3>\n

    \nViedo l\u012bgumu funkciju saites ir identiskas Python saitiem. J\u016bs varat ievad\u012bt attiec\u012bg\u0101s funkcijas p\u0113c vajadz\u012bbas. Piem\u0113ram, zem\u0101k min\u0113t\u0101 instrukcija ievada GetHeight \u2014 funkciju pa\u0161reiz\u0113j\u0101 bloka augstuma ieg\u016b\u0161anai, un GetHeader \u2014 funkciju bloka virsraksta ieg\u016b\u0161anai.<\/p>\n

    from ontology.interop.System.Blockchain import GetHeight, GetHeader<\/code><\/pre>\n
    <\/p>\n
    GetHeight<\/h4>\n
    \nGetHeight tiek izmantots, lai ieg\u016btu p\u0113d\u0113j\u0101 bloka sec\u012bbas numuru blok\u0137\u0113d\u0113, k\u0101 par\u0101d\u012bts zem\u0101k min\u0113taj\u0101 piem\u0113r\u0101. P\u0113d\u0113j\u0101 piem\u0113r\u0101 \u0113rt\u012bbas labad m\u0113s izlaid\u012bsim Main funkciju, bet j\u016bs varat to pievienot, ja tas ir nepiecie\u0161ams.<\/p>\n
    from ontology.interop.System.Runtime import Notify\nfrom ontology.interop.System.Blockchain import GetHeight\ndef Main(operation):\n    if operation == 'demo':\n        return demo()\n    return False\n\ndef demo():\n    height=GetHeight()\n    Notify(height) # print height\n    return height #return height after running the function<\/code><\/pre>\n
    <\/p>\n
    GetHeader<\/h4>\n
    \nGetHeader tiek izmantots, lai ieg\u016btu bloka virsrakstu, kur parametra v\u0113rt\u012bba ir bloka sec\u012bbas numurs blok\u0137\u0113d\u0113. Piem\u0113rs:<\/p>\n
    from ontology.interop.System.Runtime import Notify\nfrom ontology.interop.System.Blockchain import GetHeader\ndef demo():\n    block_height=10\n    header=GetHeader(block_height) \n    Notify(header)\nreturn header<\/code><\/pre>\n
    <\/p>\n
    GetTransactionByHash<\/h4>\n
    \nGetTransactionByHash tiek izmantots, lai ieg\u016btu dar\u012bjumu, pamatojoties uz dar\u012bjuma he\u0161u. Dar\u012bjuma he\u0161s tiek nos\u016bt\u012bts GetTransactionByHash <\/i>k\u0101 parametri bytearray form\u0101t\u0101. Atsl\u0113ga \u0161ai funkcijai ir dar\u012bjuma he\u0161a p\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161ana hex form\u0101t\u0101 uz dar\u012bjuma he\u0161u bytearray form\u0101t\u0101. Tas ir svar\u012bgs solis. Pret\u0113j\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 j\u016bs sa\u0146emsiet k\u013c\u016bdu, kas nor\u0101da, ka nav bloka ar \u0161o bloka he\u0161u. \u0145emsim dar\u012bjuma he\u0161u hex form\u0101t\u0101 k\u0101 piem\u0113ru, lai to p\u0101rv\u0113rstu bytearray form\u0101t\u0101. Piem\u0113rs izskat\u0101s \u0161\u0101di:<\/p>\n
    9f270aa3a4c13c46891ff0e1a2bdb3ea0525669d414994aadf2606734d0c89c1<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \nVispirms apgrieziet dar\u012bjuma he\u0161u:<\/p>\n
    c1890c4d730626dfaa9449419d662505eab3bda2e1f01f89463cc1a4a30a279<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \nIzstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji \u0161o soli var veikt, izmantojot Hex Number (little endian)Numura konvert\u0113\u0161anas r\u012bku, ko pied\u0101v\u0101 SmartX.<\/p>\n
    Tad p\u0101rveidojiet ieg\u016bto rezult\u0101tu par bytearray form\u0101tu:<\/p>\n
    {0xc1,0x89,0x0c,0x4d,0x73,0x06,0x26,0xdf,0xaa,0x94,0x49,0x41,0x9d,0x66,0x25,0x05,0xea,0xb3,0xbd,0xa2,0xe1,0xf0,0x1f,0x89,0x46,0x3c,0xc1,0xa4,0xa3,0x0a,0x27,0x9f}<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \nTo var izdar\u012bt, izmantojot String Byte Array konvert\u0113\u0161anas r\u012bku, ko pied\u0101v\u0101 SmartX. Visbeidzot, p\u0101rveidojiet ieg\u016bto bytearray par l\u012bdz\u012bgu virkni:<\/p>\n
    xc1x89x0cx4dx73x06x26xdfxaax94x49x41x9dx66x25x05xeaxb3xbdxa2xe1xf0x1fx89x46x3cxc1xa4xa3x0ax27x9f<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \nZem\u0101k ir piem\u0113rs funkcijai GetTransactionByHash, kas ieg\u016bst transakciju, pamatojoties uz transakcijas hash:<\/p>\n
    from ontology.interop.System.Blockchain import GetTransactionByHash\ndef demo():\n    # tx_hash=\"9f270aa3a4c13c46891ff0e1a2bdb3ea0525669d414994aadf2606734d0c89c1\"    \n    tx_hash=bytearray(b\"xc1x89x0cx4dx73x06x26xdfxaax94x49x41x9dx66x25x05xeaxb3xbdxa2xe1xf0x1fx89x46x3cxc1xa4xa3x0ax27x9f\")\n    tx=GetTransactionByHash(tx_hash)\n    return tx<\/code><\/pre>\n
    GetTransactionHeight<\/h4>\n
    \nGetTransactionHeight izmanto, lai ieg\u016btu transakcijas augstumu, pamatojoties uz transakcijas hash. \u0145emsim hash no iepriek\u0161\u0113j\u0101 piem\u0113ra:<\/p>\n
    from ontology.interop.System.Blockchain import GetTransactionHeight\ndef demo():\n    #   tx_hash=\"9f270aa3a4c13c46891ff0e1a2bdb3ea0525669d414994aadf2606734d0c89c1\"    \n    tx_hash=bytearray(b\"xc1x89x0cx4dx73x06x26xdfxaax94x49x41x9dx66x25x05xeaxb3xbdxa2xe1xf0x1fx89x46x3cxc1xa4xa3x0ax27x9f\")\n    height=GetTransactionHeight(tx_hash)\n    return height<\/code><\/pre>\n
    <\/p>\n
    GetContract<\/h4>\n
    \nIzstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji var izmantot funkciju GetContract, lai ieg\u016btu l\u012bgumu, pamatojoties uz l\u012bguma hash. L\u012bguma hash konvert\u0113\u0161anas process ir l\u012bdz\u012bgs transakcijas hash konvert\u0113\u0161anas procesam, kas min\u0113ts iepriek\u0161.<\/p>\n
    from ontology.interop.System.Blockchain import GetContract\ndef demo():\n    # contract_hash=\"d81a75a5ff9b95effa91239ff0bb3232219698fa\"    \n    contract_hash=bytearray(b\"xfax98x96x21x32x32xbbxf0x9fx23x91xfaxefx95x9bxffxa5x75x1axd8\")\n    contract=GetContract(contract_hash)\n    return contract<\/code><\/pre>\n
    <\/p>\n
    GetBlock<\/h4>\n
    \nGetBlock izmanto, lai ieg\u016btu bloku. Ir divi veidi, k\u0101 ieg\u016bt konkr\u0113tu bloku.<\/p>\n
    1. Ieg\u016bt bloku p\u0113c bloka augstuma:<\/b><\/p>\n
    from ontology.interop.System.Blockchain import GetBlock\ndef demo():\n    block=GetBlock(1408)\n    return block<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n2. Ieg\u016bt bloku p\u0113c bloka hash:<\/b><\/p>\n
    from ontology.interop.System.Blockchain import GetBlock\ndef demo():    \n    block_hash=bytearray(b'x16xe0xc5x40x82x79x77x30x44xeax66xc8xc4x5dx17xf7x17x73x92x33x6dx54xe3x48x46x0bxc3x2fxe2x15x03xe4')\n    block=GetBlock(block_hash)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    <\/p>\n
    2. K\u0101 izmantot Block API<\/h3>\n
    \nBlock API ir tr\u012bs pieejamas funkcijas: GetTransactions<\/i>, GetTransactionCount<\/i>, un GetTransactionByIndex<\/i>. M\u0113s t\u0101s izskat\u012bsim viena p\u0113c otras.<\/p>\n
    GetTransactionCount<\/h4>\n
    \nGetTransactionCount izmanto, lai ieg\u016btu transakciju skaitu \u0161aj\u0101 blok\u0101.<\/p>\n
    from ontology.interop.System.Blockchain import GetBlock\nfrom ontology.interop.System.Block import GetTransactionCount\ndef demo():\n    block=GetBlock(1408)\n    count=GetTransactionCount(block)\n    return count<\/code><\/pre>\n
    <\/p>\n
    GetTransactions<\/h3>\n
    \nIzstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji var izmantot funkciju GetTransactions, lai ieg\u016btu visas transakcijas \u0161aj\u0101 blok\u0101.<\/p>\n
    from ontology.interop.System.Blockchain import GetBlock\nfrom ontology.interop.System.Block import GetTransactions \ndef demo():\n    block=GetBlock(1408)\n    txs=GetTransactions(block)\n    return txs<\/code><\/pre>\n
    <\/p>\n
    GetTransactionByIndex<\/h4>\n
    \nGetTransactionByIndex izmanto, lai ieg\u016btu konkr\u0113tu transakciju \u0161aj\u0101 blok\u0101.<\/p>\n
    from ontology.interop.System.Blockchain import GetBlock\nfrom ontology.interop.System.Block import GetTransactionByIndex\ndef demo():\n    block=GetBlock(1408)\n    tx=GetTransactionByIndex(block,0) # indekss s\u0101kas no 0.\n    return tx<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \nPilns ce\u013cvedis ir pieejams m\u016bsu GitHub<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n
    P\u0113cv\u0101rds<\/h3>\n
    \nBlockchain & Block API ir neaizvietojama da\u013ca no viedajiem l\u012bgumiem, jo j\u016bs varat tos izmantot, lai piepras\u012btu blok\u0137\u0113des un bloka datus viedajos l\u012bgumos. N\u0101kamajos rakstos m\u0113s apspried\u012bsim, k\u0101 izmantot p\u0101r\u0113jos API un izp\u0113t\u012bsim to mijiedarb\u012bbu ar Ontology blok\u0137\u0113di.<\/p>\n
    Raksts ir p\u0101rtulkots Hashrate&Shares redakcijas speci\u0101li OntologyRussia. klik\u0161\u0137iniet<\/a><\/noindex> <\/p><\/blockquote>\n
     Vai j\u016bs esat izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101js? Pievienojieties m\u016bsu tehniskajai kopienai Discord<\/a><\/noindex>. Turkl\u0101t ieskatieties Izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju centr\u0101<\/a><\/noindex> m\u016bsu vietn\u0113, kur varat atrast izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju r\u012bkus, dokument\u0101ciju un daudz ko citu.<\/p>\n
    Ontology<\/h4>\n
    <\/p>\n