{"id":55326,"date":"2020-01-18T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-17T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/mozhno-li-vzlomat-samolyot"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:03:26","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:03:26","slug":"mozhno-li-vzlomat-samolyot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/blog\/administrirovanie\/mozhno-li-vzlomat-samolyot","title":{"rendered":"Vai ir iesp\u0113jams izn\u012bcin\u0101t lidma\u0161\u012bnu","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Iev\u0113jiem dodoties komand\u0113jum\u0101 vai atva\u013cin\u0101jum\u0101, vai esat dom\u0101ju\u0161i par to, cik tas ir dro\u0161i m\u016bsdienu digit\u0101lo draudu pasaul\u0113? Da\u017eus m\u016bsdienu lidma\u0161\u012bnas sauc par sp\u0101rnotiem datoriem, tik augsts ir datoru tehnolo\u0123iju iek\u013c\u016b\u0161anas l\u012bmenis. K\u0101 t\u0101s pasarg\u0101 sevi no uzbrukumiem? Ko var dar\u012bt piloti \u0161\u0101dos gad\u012bjumos? K\u0101das citas sist\u0113mas var\u0113tu tikt apdraud\u0113tas? Par to st\u0101sta akt\u012bvs pilots, Boeing 737 kapteinis ar vair\u0101k nek\u0101 10 t\u016bksto\u0161iem stundu lidojumu, sav\u0101 kan\u0101l\u0101 MenTour Pilot.<\/p>\n

\"Vai<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

T\u0101tad, lidma\u0161\u012bnas sist\u0113mu uzlau\u0161ana. P\u0113d\u0113jos gados \u0161\u012b probl\u0113ma k\u013c\u016bst arvien aktu\u0101l\u0101ka. L\u012bdz ar to, ka gaisa ku\u0123i k\u013c\u016bst arvien datoriz\u0113t\u0101ki, k\u0101 ar\u012b palielin\u0101s datu apmai\u0146as apjoms starp tiem un zemes dienestiem, pieaug ar\u012b da\u017e\u0101du uzbrukumu m\u0113\u0123in\u0101jumu iesp\u0113jam\u012bba no \u013caunpr\u0101t\u012bgu personu puses. Lidma\u0161\u012bnu ra\u017eot\u0101ji jau sen to apzin\u0101s, ta\u010du iepriek\u0161 \u0161\u012b inform\u0101cija \u012bpa\u0161i netika sniegta mums, pilotiem. Tom\u0113r \u0161\u0137iet, ka \u0161ie jaut\u0101jumi tom\u0113r tika risin\u0101ti korporat\u012bv\u0101 l\u012bmen\u012b.<\/p>\n

K\u0101 tur iet?..<\/h3>\n

\nJau 2015. gad\u0101 ASV Iek\u0161lietu ministrija (Department of Homeland Security) public\u0113ja zi\u0146ojumu, ka tai izdev\u0101s uzlauzt sava Boeing 757 sist\u0113mas, kam\u0113r tas atrad\u0101s uz zemes. Uzlau\u0161anai tika izmantoti pla\u0161i pieejami r\u012bki, kurus iesp\u0113jams bija ievest caur dro\u0161\u012bbas kontroli. Iek\u013c\u016b\u0161ana notika caur radio apmai\u0146as sist\u0113mu. Protams, vi\u0146i nenor\u0101d\u012bja, kuras tie\u0161i sist\u0113mas vi\u0146iem izdev\u0101s uzlauzt. Paties\u012bb\u0101 vi\u0146i visp\u0101r neko neatkl\u0101ja, iz\u0146emot to, ka vi\u0146iem izdev\u0101s piek\u013c\u016bt lidma\u0161\u012bnai. <\/p>\n

T\u0101pat 2017. gad\u0101 bija zi\u0146a no neatkar\u012bga hakeru R\u016bben S\u0101ntamartas (Ruben Santamarta). Vi\u0146\u0161 pazi\u0146oja, ka, uzb\u016bv\u0113jot nelielu raid\u012bt\u0101ju un novietojot antenu pagalm\u0101, vi\u0146\u0161 sp\u0113ja piek\u013c\u016bt izklaides sist\u0113m\u0101m, kas lidoja p\u0101r vi\u0146u.<\/p>\n

Tas viss m\u016bs ved pie secin\u0101juma, ka k\u0101da briesmas tom\u0113r past\u0101v. T\u0101tad, pie k\u0101 tie\u0161i hakeri var piek\u013c\u016bt un pie k\u0101 n\u0113? Lai to saprastu, vispirms apl\u016bkosim, k\u0101 darbojas lidma\u0161\u012bnu datoru sist\u0113mas. Pirmais, ko v\u0113rts atz\u012bm\u0113t, ir tas, ka m\u016bsdienu lidma\u0161\u012bnas ir ar\u012b visvair\u0101k datoriz\u0113t\u0101s. Lidojuma datori veic praktiski visas darb\u012bbas, s\u0101kot no vad\u012bbas virsmu novietojuma (r\u012bki, piekabes, aizkav\u0113\u0161an\u0101s...) l\u012bdz lidot\u0101jas inform\u0101cijas nos\u016bt\u012b\u0161anai. <\/p>\n

Tom\u0113r j\u0101\u0146em v\u0113r\u0101, ka lidma\u0161\u012bnu ra\u017eot\u0101ji labi apzin\u0101s \u0161os m\u016bsdienu ma\u0161\u012bnu konstrukt\u012bv\u0101s iez\u012bmes, t\u0101p\u0113c tie ir iek\u013c\u0101vu\u0161i kiberdro\u0161\u012bbu to dizain\u0101. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c sist\u0113mas, kur\u0101m J\u016bs piek\u013c\u016bstat uz priek\u0161\u0101 eso\u0161\u0101 kr\u0113sla atkals\u0113\u0161anas, un lidojuma vad\u012bbas sist\u0113mas ir piln\u012bb\u0101 atdal\u012btas. T\u0101s ir fiziski atdal\u012btas, infrastrukt\u016bras zi\u0146\u0101 at\u0161\u0137irtas, izmanto da\u017e\u0101das sist\u0113mas, at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgus program\u0113\u0161anas valodas \u2014 visp\u0101r, patie\u0161\u0101m piln\u012bb\u0101. Tas tiek dar\u012bts, lai neatst\u0101tu nek\u0101das iesp\u0113jas piek\u013c\u016bt vad\u012bbas sist\u0113m\u0101m caur bordu izklaides sist\u0113mu. T\u0101tad m\u016bsdienu gaisa ku\u0123os tas nevar izrais\u012bt probl\u0113mas. Boeing, Airbus, Embraer labi apzin\u0101s \u0161o draudu un nep\u0101rtraukti str\u0101d\u0101, lai b\u016btu soli priek\u0161\u0101 hakeriem.<\/p>\n

Tulko\u0161anas piez\u012bme: tika zi\u0146ots, ka Boeing 787 izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji tom\u0113r v\u0113l\u0113j\u0101s apvienot \u0161\u012bs sist\u0113mas fiziski un izveidot virtu\u0101lu t\u012bklu dal\u012bjumu. Tas \u013cautu ietaup\u012bt svaru (bordu serveriem) un samazin\u0101tu kabe\u013cu skaitu. Tom\u0113r uzraugo\u0161\u0101s iest\u0101des atteic\u0101s pie\u0146emt \u0161\u0101du koncepciju un piespieda saglab\u0101t 'trad\u012bciju' fizisk\u0101s dal\u012b\u0161anas.<\/i><\/p>\n

Nedaudz slikt\u0101k izskat\u0101s kop\u0113j\u0101 aina, ja \u0146emam v\u0113r\u0101 visu gaisa ku\u0123u spektru. Lidma\u0161\u012bnas ekspluat\u0101cijas ilgums sasniedz 20\u201330 gadus. Un, ja m\u0113s apl\u016bkosim datora tehnolo\u0123ijas, kas bija pirms 20\u201330 gadiem, t\u0101s b\u016bs piln\u012bgi citas. Tas ir gandr\u012bz k\u0101 skat\u012bties uz dinozauriem, kas pastaig\u0101jas apk\u0101rt. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c lidma\u0161\u012bn\u0101m, piem\u0113ram, 737, uz kuras es lidoju, vai Airbus 320, protams, b\u016bs datorsist\u0113mas, kur\u0101s nav tik r\u016bp\u012bgi integr\u0113ta aizsardz\u012bba pret hakeriem un kibuzbrukumiem. Bet ir ar\u012b gai\u0161\u0101 puse \u2014 t\u0101s nebija tik datoriz\u0113tas un integr\u0113tas k\u0101 m\u016bsdienu ma\u0161\u012bnas. T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di sist\u0113mas, kas uzst\u0101d\u012btas m\u016bsu 737 (nevaru run\u0101t par Airbus, jo neesmu ar t\u0101m iepazinies), galvenok\u0101rt ir paredz\u0113tas, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu mums navig\u0101cijas datus. Mums nav elektrodistances vad\u012bbas sist\u0113mas (Fly-by-wire)<\/a><\/noindex>. M\u016bsu 737 st\u016bre joproj\u0101m ir savienota ar vad\u012bbas virsm\u0101m. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c j\u0101, \u013caunpr\u0101t\u012bgi lietot\u0101ji var\u0113tu ietekm\u0113t m\u016bsu navig\u0101cijas sist\u0113mu datu atjaunin\u0101\u0161anu, ta\u010du m\u0113s to \u013coti \u0101tri paman\u012btu. <\/p>\n

M\u0113s kontrol\u0113jam lidma\u0161\u012bnu ne tikai, pamatojoties uz iek\u0101rtas GPS, bet m\u0113s ar\u012b izmantojam tradicion\u0101l\u0101s navig\u0101cijas sist\u0113mas, past\u0101v\u012bgi sal\u012bdzinot datus no da\u017e\u0101diem avotiem. Papildus GPS tie ir ar\u012b zemes radiom\u0101jas un att\u0101lumi l\u012bdz t\u0101m. Mums kl\u0101t ir sist\u0113ma, ko sauc par IRS. Praktiski tas ir l\u0101zera giroskops, kas ieg\u016bst datus re\u0101llaik\u0101 un sal\u012bdzina tos ar GPS. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c, ja k\u0101da no uzbrukuma sist\u0113m\u0101m p\u0113k\u0161\u0146i k\u013c\u016bst nepareiza, m\u0113s to \u013coti \u0101tri paman\u012btu un p\u0101riesim uz citu.<\/p>\n

Bordes sist\u0113mas<\/h3>\n

\nK\u0101das citas potenci\u0101l\u0101s uzbrukuma m\u0113r\u0137i n\u0101k pr\u0101t\u0101? Pirmais un ac\u012bmredzam\u0101kais ir lidma\u0161\u012bnas izklaides sist\u0113ma. Da\u017e\u0101s aviokomp\u0101nij\u0101s tie\u0161i caur to J\u016bs p\u0113rkat piek\u013cuvi Wi-Fi, pas\u016bt\u0101t \u0113dienu utt. Ar\u012b pats Wi-Fi lidma\u0161\u012bn\u0101 var b\u016bt uzbruc\u0113ju m\u0113r\u0137is; \u0161aj\u0101 zi\u0146\u0101 to var sal\u012bdzin\u0101t ar jebkuru publisku hotspotu. J\u016bs noteikti zin\u0101t, ka, izmantojot publiskas t\u012bkla pieejas bez VPN, past\u0101v iesp\u0113ja, ka tiks ieg\u016bti J\u016bsu dati - personiskie dati, fotogr\u0101fijas, saglab\u0101t\u0101s Wi-Fi paroles un jebkuras citas paroles, bankas kartes dati utt. Pieredz\u0113ju\u0161am hakerim nav gr\u016bti piek\u013c\u016bt \u0161ai inform\u0101cijai. <\/p>\n

\"Vai
\n
\nPaties\u0101 ieb\u016bv\u0113t\u0101 izklaides sist\u0113ma \u0161aj\u0101 zi\u0146\u0101 ir at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bga, jo t\u0101 ir neatkar\u012bgs aparat\u016bras komponentu komplekts. Un \u0161ie datori, v\u0113los atg\u0101din\u0101t, nek\u0101d\u0101 veid\u0101 nav saist\u012bti un nesadarbojas ar lidma\u0161\u012bnas vad\u012bbas sist\u0113m\u0101m. Tom\u0113r tas nenoz\u012bm\u0113, ka izklaides sist\u0113mas uzlau\u0161ana nevar rad\u012bt nopietnas probl\u0113mas. Piem\u0113ram, uzbruc\u0113js potenci\u0101li var\u0113tu nos\u016bt\u012bt pazi\u0146ojumus visiem pasa\u017eieriem salon\u0101, pazi\u0146ojot, ka lidma\u0161\u012bnas vad\u012bba ir p\u0101r\u0146emta. Tas rad\u012bs paniku. Vai pazi\u0146ojumus par probl\u0113m\u0101m ar lidma\u0161\u012bnu, vai jebkuru citu dezinform\u0101ciju. Noteikti tas b\u016bs \u0161ok\u0113jo\u0161i un briesm\u012bgi, ta\u010du nek\u0101d\u0101 zi\u0146\u0101 tas neb\u016bs b\u012bstami. T\u0101 k\u0101 \u0161\u0101da iesp\u0113ja potenci\u0101li past\u0101v, ra\u017eot\u0101ji veic visus iesp\u0113jamos pas\u0101kumus, instal\u0113jot ugunsm\u016brus un nepiecie\u0161amos protokolus, lai nov\u0113rstu t\u0101das probl\u0113mas. <\/p>\n

T\u0101tad, iesp\u0113jams, visvair\u0101k apdraud\u0113t\u0101s ir lidma\u0161\u012bnas izklaides sist\u0113ma un Wi-Fi. Turkl\u0101t Wi-Fi parasti nodro\u0161ina \u0101r\u0113jais operators, nevis pati aviokomp\u0101nija. Un tie\u0161i vi\u0146\u0161 r\u016bp\u0113jas par kiberdro\u0161\u012bbu sniegtajiem pakalpojumiem.<\/p>\n

N\u0101kam\u0101 lieta, kas man n\u0101k pr\u0101t\u0101, ir pilotu lidojuma plan\u0161etdatori. Kad es s\u0101ku lidot, visi m\u016bsu rokasgr\u0101matas bija pap\u012bra form\u0101t\u0101. Piem\u0113ram, ekspluat\u0101cijas rokasgr\u0101mata ar vis\u0101m noteikumiem, nepiecie\u0161amaj\u0101m proced\u016br\u0101m, navig\u0101cijas rokasgr\u0101mata ar gaisa mar\u0161rutiem gad\u012bjum\u0101, ja m\u0113s tos aizmirstam, navig\u0101cijas sh\u0113mas un pieejas sh\u0113mas lidostas zon\u0101, lidostu kartes \u2014 viss bija pap\u012bra form\u0101t\u0101. Un, ja kaut kas main\u012bj\u0101s, bija j\u0101atrod vajadz\u012bg\u0101 lapa, j\u0101nopl\u0113\u0161 t\u0101, j\u0101aizvieto ar jauno, j\u0101atz\u012bm\u0113, ka t\u0101 ir nomain\u012bta. Kopum\u0101, daudz darba. T\u0101p\u0113c, kad m\u0113s s\u0101k\u0101m sa\u0146emt lidojuma plan\u0161etdatorus, tas bija vienk\u0101r\u0161i apbr\u012bnojami. Ar vienu klik\u0161\u0137i to visu var\u0113ja \u0101tri lejupiel\u0101d\u0113t, ar visiem jaun\u0101kajiem atjaunin\u0101jumiem, jebkur\u0101 laik\u0101. Var\u0113ja ar\u012b ieg\u016bt laika prognozes, jaunus lidojuma pl\u0101nus \u2014 viss var\u0113ja tikt nos\u016bt\u012bts uz plan\u0161etdatoru.<\/p>\n

\"Vai
\n
\nBet. Katru reizi, kad j\u016bs piesl\u0113dzaties, past\u0101v tre\u0161\u0101s puses iek\u013c\u016b\u0161anas potenci\u0101ls. Aviokomp\u0101nijas ir inform\u0113tas par situ\u0101ciju, t\u0101pat k\u0101 avi\u0101cijas iest\u0101des. T\u0101p\u0113c ne viss mums ir at\u013cauts dar\u012bt elektronisk\u0101 form\u0101. Mums ir j\u0101b\u016bt pap\u012bra lidojuma pl\u0101niem (lai gan \u0161is pras\u012bjums at\u0161\u0137iras da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s aviokomp\u0101nij\u0101s), k\u0101 ar\u012b tai j\u0101b\u016bt rezerves kopijai. Turkl\u0101t, nek\u0101d\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 mums nav at\u013cauts instal\u0113t neko citu, iz\u0146emot aviokomp\u0101nijas apstiprin\u0101t\u0101s lietotnes uz plan\u0161etdatora. Da\u017eas aviokomp\u0101nijas izmanto iPad, citas \u2014 speci\u0101li \u0161im nol\u016bkam izstr\u0101d\u0101tas ier\u012bces (ab\u0101m iesp\u0113j\u0101m ir plusi un m\u012bnusi). Katr\u0101 zi\u0146\u0101 tas viss ir stingri kontrol\u0113ts, un piloti nek\u0101d\u0101 veid\u0101 nevar iejaukties plan\u0161etdatoru darb\u012bb\u0101. Tas ir pirmais. Otrk\u0101rt \u2014 mums ir aizliegts piesl\u0113gt tos pie kaut k\u0101, kad m\u0113s esam gais\u0101. M\u0113s (vismaz man\u0101 aviokomp\u0101nij\u0101) nevaram piesl\u0113gties lidma\u0161\u012bnas Wi-Fi p\u0113c pacel\u0161an\u0101s. M\u0113s pat nevaram izmantot iPad GPS uztv\u0113r\u0113ju. Tikl\u012bdz m\u0113s aizveram durvis, m\u0113s p\u0101rsl\u0113dzam plan\u0161etdatorus lidma\u0161\u012bnas re\u017e\u012bm\u0101, un no \u0161\u012b br\u012b\u017ea nedr\u012bkst b\u016bt nek\u0101du iejauk\u0161an\u0101s iesp\u0113ju vi\u0146u darb\u012bb\u0101. <\/p>\n

Ja, ja k\u0101ds veid\u0101 p\u0101rk\u0101pj vai iejaucas visu aviokomp\u0101nijas t\u012bklu darb\u012bb\u0101, m\u0113s to paman\u012bsim p\u0113c pievieno\u0161an\u0101s uz zemes. Un tad m\u0113s varam doties uz apkalpes istabu lidost\u0101, izdruk\u0101t pap\u012bra sh\u0113mas un lidojuma laik\u0101 pa\u013cauties uz t\u0101m. Ja ar vienu no plan\u0161etdatoriem kaut kas notiks \u2014 mums ir otrais. Slikt\u0101kaj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101, ja abi plan\u0161etdatori nedarbojas, mums ir visi nepiecie\u0161amie dati lido\u0161anai lidma\u0161\u012bnas dator\u0101. K\u0101 redzat, \u0161aj\u0101 jaut\u0101jum\u0101 tiek izmantota tr\u012bsk\u0101r\u0161a dro\u0161\u012bba, risinot vienu un to pa\u0161u uzdevumu.<\/p>\n

P\u0101r\u0113jie iesp\u0113jamie varianti ir borta kontroles un vad\u012bbas sist\u0113mas. Piem\u0113ram, iepriek\u0161 min\u0113t\u0101 navig\u0101cijas sist\u0113ma un lidojuma vad\u012bbas sist\u0113ma. Atkal, es neko nevaru teikt par citiem ra\u017eot\u0101jiem, tikai par 737, ar kuru es pats lidoju. Un t\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 no datoriz\u0113tajiem \u2014 navig\u0101cijas datu b\u0101ze, kas satur, k\u0101 jau redzams no nosaukuma, navig\u0101cijas inform\u0101ciju, zemes virsmas datu b\u0101zes. T\u0101m var b\u016bt veiktas izmai\u0146as. Piem\u0113ram, veicot borta datora programmat\u016bras atjaunin\u0101jumu, ko veic in\u017eenieris, var tikt iel\u0101d\u0113ts main\u012bts vai boj\u0101ts fails. Bet tas \u0101tri par\u0101d\u012bsies, jo lidma\u0161\u012bna past\u0101v\u012bgi veic pa\u0161p\u0101rbaudi. Piem\u0113ram, ja dzin\u0113js nepat\u012bkami darbojas, m\u0113s to redzam. \u0160\u0101d\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 m\u0113s noteikti neizlidojam un l\u016bdzam in\u017eenieriem p\u0101rbaud\u012bt. <\/p>\n

Jebkura darb\u012bbas trauc\u0113juma gad\u012bjum\u0101 m\u0113s sa\u0146emsim br\u012bdin\u0101juma sign\u0101lu, ka da\u017ei dati vai sign\u0101li nesakr\u012bt. Lidma\u0161\u012bna past\u0101v\u012bgi veic krustenisku p\u0101rbaudi no da\u017e\u0101diem avotiem. T\u0101tad, ja p\u0113c pacel\u0161an\u0101s izr\u0101d\u0101s, ka datu b\u0101ze ir neprec\u012bza vai boj\u0101ta, m\u0113s uzreiz par to uzzin\u0101sim un p\u0101riesim uz t\u0101 sauktaj\u0101m tradicion\u0101laj\u0101m navig\u0101cijas metod\u0113m. <\/p>\n

Zemes sist\u0113mas un pakalpojumi<\/h3>\n

\nN\u0101kamais \u2014 gaisa satiksmes vad\u012bba un lidostas. Vad\u012bbas dienesti atrodas uz zemes, un to iek\u013c\u016b\u0161ana b\u016bs viegl\u0101ka nek\u0101 lidma\u0161\u012bn\u0101, kas p\u0101rvietojas gais\u0101. Ja uzbruc\u0113ji, piem\u0113ram, kaut k\u0101d\u0101 veid\u0101 atsl\u0113gs vai deaktiviz\u0113s navig\u0101cijas tor\u0146a radaru, past\u0101v iesp\u0113ja p\u0101riet uz t\u0101 saukto proced\u016bras navig\u0101ciju un proced\u016bras gaisa ku\u0123u sadal\u012bjumu. Tas ir l\u0113n\u0101ks veids, k\u0101 novad\u012bt lidma\u0161\u012bnas uz lidost\u0101m, t\u0101p\u0113c, piem\u0113ram, noslogot\u0101s ost\u0101s k\u0101 London\u0101 vai Losand\u017eelos\u0101 tas rad\u012bs lielas probl\u0113mas. Tom\u0113r zemes dienesti joproj\u0101m var\u0113s sav\u0101kt lidma\u0161\u012bnas \"gaid\u012b\u0161anas rindu\" ar interv\u0101lu 1000 p\u0113du. (apm. 300 metri)<\/i>, un, kad viens gaisa ku\u0123is sasniedz noteiktu punktu, novad\u012bt n\u0101kamo piezem\u0113\u0161anai. T\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 lidosta tiks piepild\u012bta ar proced\u016bras l\u012bdzek\u013ciem, nevis, izmantojot radarus.<\/p>\n

\"Vai
\n
\nJa tiks tr\u0101p\u012bts radiokomunik\u0101cijas sist\u0113m\u0101, past\u0101v rezerves. T\u0101pat ir \u012bpa\u0161a starptautiska frekvence, pie kuras ar\u012b var piek\u013c\u016bt. Vai ar\u012b lidma\u0161\u012bna var tikt nodota citam gaisa satiksmes vad\u012bbas elementam, kas veiks piezem\u0113\u0161an\u0101s uzraudz\u012bbu. \u0160aj\u0101 sist\u0113m\u0101 ir p\u0101rpalikumi un alternat\u012bvi mezgli un sist\u0113mas, kuras var izmantot, ja viena tiks uzbrukta. <\/p>\n

Tas pats attiecas uz lidost\u0101m. Ja lidosta tiks uzbrukta un uzbruc\u0113ji atsl\u0113gs, teiksim, navig\u0101cijas sist\u0113mu vai skrejce\u013ca apgaismojumu, vai kaut ko citu lidost\u0101, m\u0113s to nekav\u0113joties paman\u012bsim. Piem\u0113ram, ja mums nav iesp\u0113jas sazin\u0101ties ar vi\u0146iem vai piel\u0101got pal\u012bgier\u012bces, m\u0113s redz\u0113sim probl\u0113mas esam\u012bbu, un m\u016bsu galvenais lidojumu displejs r\u0101d\u012bs \u012bpa\u0161us karogus, ka instrument\u0101l\u0101s piezem\u0113\u0161an\u0101s sist\u0113ma nedarbojas, vai navig\u0101cijas sist\u0113ma nedarbojas, un \u0161\u0101d\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 m\u0113s vienk\u0101r\u0161i p\u0101rtrauksim piezem\u0113\u0161anos. T\u0101p\u0113c \u0161\u012b situ\u0101cija nerada nek\u0101das briesmas. Protams, m\u0113s b\u016bsim neapmierin\u0101ti, t\u0101pat k\u0101 j\u016bs, non\u0101kot ne taj\u0101 viet\u0101, uz kuru lidoj\u0101m. Sist\u0113m\u0101 ir ieprogramm\u0113ts pietiekami daudz rezerves, un lidma\u0161\u012bnai ir pietiekami daudz degvielas rezerves. Un, ja \u0161\u012b hakeru grupa nav uzbrukusi visai valstij vai re\u0123ionam, kas, protams, ir \u013coti, neparasti gr\u016bti izdar\u0101ms, lidma\u0161\u012bn\u0101m nekas nedraud.<\/p>\n

V\u0113l kaut kas?<\/h3>\n

\nR\u016bp\u012bgi, tas ir viss, kas man ien\u0101k pr\u0101t\u0101 attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz iesp\u0113jam\u0101m uzbrukumu metod\u0113m. Bija zi\u0146ojums no FBI kiberspeci\u0101lista, kur\u0161 apgalvoja, ka sp\u0113ja piek\u013c\u016bt lidojuma vad\u012bbas datoriem, izmantojot izklaides sist\u0113mu. Saska\u0146\u0101 ar vi\u0146a teikto vi\u0146am izdev\u0101s nedaudz \"ietekm\u0113t\" lidma\u0161\u012bnu (vi\u0146a v\u0101rdi, ne mani), bet tas nekad netika apstiprin\u0101ts, un \u0161im cilv\u0113kam netika izvirz\u012btas aps\u016bdz\u012bbas. Ja vi\u0146\u0161 to tie\u0161\u0101m izdar\u012bja (es \u012bsti nesaprotu, k\u0101p\u0113c k\u0101ds to dar\u012btu, b\u016bdams tie\u0161i \u0161aj\u0101 lidma\u0161\u012bn\u0101), vi\u0146\u0161 b\u016btu sa\u0146\u0113mis aps\u016bdz\u012bbas par cilv\u0113ku dz\u012bv\u012bbu apdraud\u0113\u0161anu. Tas liek man dom\u0101t, ka, visticam\u0101k, t\u0101s ir vienk\u0101r\u0161i baumas un izdom\u0101jumi. Un, k\u0101 jau min\u0113ju, ra\u017eot\u0101ju apgalvojumi nor\u0101da, ka fizisk\u0101 piesl\u0113g\u0161an\u0101s no borta izklaides sist\u0113mas uz vad\u012bbas sist\u0113mu nav iesp\u0113jama. <\/p>\n

Un, k\u0101 jau teicu s\u0101kum\u0101, ja m\u0113s, piloti, paman\u012btu, ka k\u0101da no sist\u0113m\u0101m, piem\u0113ram, navig\u0101cijas, sniedz nepareizus datus, m\u0113s p\u0101rietu uz citu datu avotu izmanto\u0161anu \u2014 zemes orientieri, l\u0101zera giroskopi utt. Ja vad\u012bbas virsmas nerea\u0123\u0113, ar\u012b 737 ir alternat\u012bvas. Autopilotu var viegli izsl\u0113gt, un \u0161aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 dators nek\u0101d\u0101 veid\u0101 nedr\u012bkst ietekm\u0113t lidma\u0161\u012bnas uzved\u012bbu. Un pat ja hidraulika neizdodas, lidma\u0161\u012bnu joproj\u0101m var kontrol\u0113t k\u0101 milz\u012bgu Cesn\u0101 ar pal\u012bdz\u012bbu stie\u0146iem, kas fiziski pievienoti pie st\u016bres. T\u0101tad mums vienm\u0113r ir iesp\u0113jas kontrol\u0113t lidma\u0161\u012bnu, ja tai nav strukt\u016br\u0101la boj\u0101juma. <\/p>\n

Nosl\u0113gum\u0101, lidma\u0161\u012bnas uzlau\u0161ana, izmantojot GPS, radio kan\u0101lus utt., ir teor\u0113tiski iesp\u0113jama, ta\u010du pras\u012bs milz\u012bgu darbu, daudz pl\u0101no\u0161anas, koordin\u0101cijas un ekip\u0113juma. Un nevajadz\u0113tu aizmirst, ka atkar\u012bb\u0101 no augstuma lidma\u0161\u012bna p\u0101rvietojas ar \u0101trumu no 300 l\u012bdz 850 km\/h.<\/p>\n

Un ko j\u016bs zin\u0101t par iesp\u0113jamajiem uzbrukuma vektoriem avi\u0101cij\u0101? Neaizmirstiet dal\u012bties ar koment\u0101riem.<\/p>\n

Mazliet rekl\u0101mas \ud83d\ude42<\/h3>\n

\nPaldies, ka paliekat ar mums. Vai jums pat\u012bk m\u016bsu raksti? V\u0113laties redz\u0113t vair\u0101k interesantus materi\u0101lus? Atbalstiet m\u016bs, veicot pas\u016bt\u012bjumu vai ieteicot draugiem, m\u0101ko\u0146u VPS izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem no $4.99<\/a><\/noindex>, unik\u0101ls ieejas l\u012bme\u0146a serveru analogs, kuru m\u0113s izstr\u0101d\u0101j\u0101m jums:<\/b> Visa paties\u012bba par VPS (KVM) E5-2697 v3 (6 kodoli) 10GB DDR4 480GB SSD 1Gbps no $19 vai k\u0101 pareizi dal\u012bt serveri?<\/a><\/noindex> (pieejami varianti ar RAID1 un RAID10, l\u012bdz 24 kodoliem un l\u012bdz 40GB DDR4).<\/p>\n

Dell R730xd divas reizes l\u0113t\u0101k datu centr\u0101 Equinix Tier IV Amsterdam\u0101?<\/b> Tikai pie mums 2 x Intel TetraDeca-Core Xeon 2x E5-2697v3 2.6GHz 14C 64GB DDR4 4x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100TB no $199<\/a><\/noindex> N\u012bderland\u0113! Dell R420 \u2014 2x E5-2430 2.2Ghz 6C 128GB DDR3 2x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100TB \u2014 no $99!<\/b><\/b> Lasiet par to K\u0101 izveidot korporat\u012bvas klases infrastrukt\u016bru, izmantojot Dell R730xd E5-2650 v4 serverus, kas maks\u0101 9000 eiro par niek\u0101m?<\/a><\/noindex>
\n
Avots: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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