{"id":80532,"date":"2020-05-07T01:42:17","date_gmt":"2020-05-06T23:42:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/problemy-s-dns-v-kubernetes-publichnyj-postmortem"},"modified":"2020-05-07T01:42:17","modified_gmt":"2020-05-06T23:42:17","slug":"problemy-s-dns-v-kubernetes-publichnyj-postmortem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/blog\/administrirovanie\/problemy-s-dns-v-kubernetes-publichnyj-postmortem","title":{"rendered":"DNS probl\u0113mas Kubernetes. Publisks post-mortem","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><i><b>Piem. tulk.:<\/b> \u0160is p\u0101rtulkojums ir no publisk\u0101 postmortema, kas public\u0113ts uz\u0146\u0113muma in\u017eeniertehniskaj\u0101 emu\u0101r\u0101 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/preply.com\/\">Preply<\/a><\/noindex>. Taj\u0101 aprakst\u012bta probl\u0113ma ar conntrack Kubernetes klaster\u012b, kas izrais\u012bja da\u013c\u0113ju da\u017e\u0101du ra\u017eo\u0161anas pakalpojumu d\u012bkst\u0101vi.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u0160is raksts var b\u016bt noder\u012bgs tiem, kuri v\u0113las uzzin\u0101t nedaudz vair\u0101k par postmortemiem vai nov\u0113rst da\u017eas potenci\u0101las probl\u0113mas ar DNS n\u0101kotn\u0113.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"DNS probl\u0113mas Kubernetes. Publisks post-mortem\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/0e841b0231f11171d52d82030cd1df21.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Tas nav DNS<br \/>\nNeticami, ka tas var\u0113tu b\u016bt DNS<br \/>\nTas bija DNS<\/i><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2>Nedaudz par postmortemiem un procesiem Preply<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Postmortem\u0101 tiek aprakst\u012bta k\u013c\u016bme darb\u012bb\u0101 vai notikums ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101. Postmortems ietver notikumu hronolo\u0123iju, ietekmes aprakstu uz lietot\u0101jiem, pamatc\u0113lo\u0146us, r\u012bc\u012bbu un g\u016bt\u0101s m\u0101c\u012bbas.<\/p>\n<p><i><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/shop.oreilly.com\/product\/0636920063964.do\">Mekl\u0113jot SRE<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nNed\u0113\u013cas san\u0101ksm\u0113s ar picu, tehnisk\u0101s komandas lok\u0101, m\u0113s dal\u0101mies ar da\u017e\u0101du inform\u0101ciju. Viens no \u0161\u0101du san\u0101ksmju svar\u012bg\u0101kajiem aspektiem ir postmortemi, kas visbie\u017e\u0101k tiek pavad\u012bti ar prezent\u0101cij\u0101m un padzi\u013cin\u0101tu notiku\u0161\u0101 incidenta anal\u012bzi. Neskatoties uz to, ka m\u0113s p\u0113c postmortemiem ne 'aplaujam' rokas, m\u0113s cen\u0161amies att\u012bst\u012bt 'bez vaino\u0161anas' kult\u016bru (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/codeascraft.com\/2012\/05\/22\/blameless-postmortems\/\">blameless culture<\/a><\/noindex>). M\u0113s ticam, ka postmortemu rakst\u012b\u0161ana un prezent\u0113\u0161ana ir svar\u012bga, lai nov\u0113rstu l\u012bdz\u012bgus incidentus n\u0101kotn\u0113, t\u0101p\u0113c m\u0113s ar tiem dal\u0101mies.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Person\u0101m, kas iesaist\u012btas incident\u0101, ir j\u0101j\u016btas dro\u0161\u0101m, lai var\u0113tu s\u012bki aprakst\u012bt to, nebaidoties no soda vai atrieb\u012bbas. Nek\u0101da nosod\u012b\u0161ana! Postmortema rakst\u012b\u0161ana nav sods, bet m\u0101c\u012b\u0161an\u0101s iesp\u0113ja visai komp\u0101nijai.<\/p>\n<p><i><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/devblog.axway.com\/dev-insights\/keep-calms-devops-s-sharing\/\">Keep CALMS &amp; DevOps: S ir dal\u012b\u0161an\u0101s<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>DNS probl\u0113mas Kubernetes. Postmortem<\/h2>\n<p>\n<b>Datums:<\/b> 28.02.2020<\/p>\n<p><b>Autori:<\/b> Amet U., Andrey S., Igo K., Aleksey P.<\/p>\n<p><b>Statuss:<\/b> Pabeigts<\/p>\n<p><b>\u012asi:<\/b> Da\u013c\u0113ja DNS nepieejam\u012bba (26 min) da\u017ei pakalpojumi Kubernetes klaster\u012b<\/p>\n<p><b>Ietekme:<\/b> 15000 notikumu zaud\u0113ti pakalpojumiem A, B un C<\/p>\n<p><b>Pamatc\u0113lonis:<\/b> Kube-proxy neizdev\u0101s pareizi izdz\u0113st veco ierakstu no conntrack tabulas, t\u0101p\u0113c da\u017ei pakalpojumi joproj\u0101m m\u0113\u0123in\u0101ja savienoties ar neeksist\u0113jo\u0161iem podiem.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">E0228 20:13:53.795782       1 proxier.go:610] Neizdev\u0101s izdz\u0113st kube-system\/kube-dns:dns galapunktu savienojumus, k\u013c\u016bda: k\u013c\u016bda dz\u0113\u0161ot conntrack ierakstus UDP partnerim {100.64.0.10, 100.110.33.231}, k\u013c\u016bda: conntrack komanda atgriezusi: ...<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b>Trigeris:<\/b> Zema slodze Kubernetes klaster\u012b, CoreDNS-autoscaler samazin\u0101ja podu skaitu izvieto\u0161an\u0101 no tr\u012bs l\u012bdz diviem.<\/p>\n<p><b>Risin\u0101jums:<\/b> V\u0113l viena lietojumprogrammas izvieto\u0161ana izsauca jaunu mezglu izveidi, CoreDNS-autoscaler pievienoja vair\u0101k podu, lai apkalpotu klasteri, kas izrais\u012bja conntrack tabulas p\u0101rrakst\u012b\u0161anu<\/p>\n<p><b>Atkl\u0101\u0161ana:<\/b> Prometheus uzraudz\u012bba atkl\u0101ja lielu skaitu 5xx k\u013c\u016bdu servisos A, B un C un izsauca de\u017e\u016br\u0113jo\u0161o in\u017eenieru zvanu<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"DNS probl\u0113mas Kubernetes. Publisks post-mortem\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/14a2216ce7564f05c6dc3e7cb1c3dbb0.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>5xx k\u013c\u016bdas Kibana<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>Darb\u012bbas<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Darb\u012bba<br \/>\nTips<br \/>\nAtbild\u012bgais<br \/>\nUzdevums<\/p>\n<p>Atsp\u0113jot CoreDNS autom\u0101tisk\u0101 m\u0113rogo\u0161ana<br \/>\nnov\u0113rst<br \/>\nAmet U.<br \/>\nDEVOPS-695<\/p>\n<p>Uzst\u0101d\u012bt ke\u0161\u0113\u0161anas DNS serveri<br \/>\nsamazin\u0101t<br \/>\nMaks V.<br \/>\nDEVOPS-665<\/p>\n<p>Konfigur\u0113t conntrack uzraudz\u012bbu<br \/>\nnov\u0113rst<br \/>\nAmet U.<br \/>\nDEVOPS-674<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>G\u016bt\u0101s m\u0101c\u012bbas<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b>Kas g\u0101ja labi:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Uzraudz\u012bba darboj\u0101s prec\u012bzi. Reakcija bija \u0101tra un organiz\u0113ta<\/li>\n<li>M\u0113s nesask\u0101r\u0101mies ne ar k\u0101diem ierobe\u017eojumiem mezglos<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Kas nebija k\u0101rt\u012bb\u0101:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Joproj\u0101m nezin\u0101m\u0101 re\u0101l\u0101 c\u0113lo\u0146sakar\u012bba, izskat\u0101s p\u0113c <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/kubernetes\/issues\/66651\">specifiska k\u013c\u016bda<\/a><\/noindex> conntrack<\/li>\n<li>Visas darb\u012bbas nov\u0113r\u0161 tikai sekas, nevis c\u0113loni (k\u013c\u016bdu)<\/li>\n<li>M\u0113s zin\u0101j\u0101m, ka agri vai v\u0113lu var\u0113tu b\u016bt probl\u0113mas ar DNS, bet neprioritiz\u0113j\u0101m uzdevumus<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b>Kur mums paveic\u0101s:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>V\u0113l viena izvieto\u0161ana izrais\u012bja CoreDNS-autoscaler, kas p\u0101rrakst\u012bja conntrack tabulu<\/li>\n<li>\u0160\u012b k\u013c\u016bda sk\u0101ra tikai da\u013cu no servis\u0113m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Hronolo\u0123ija (EET)<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Laiks<br \/>\nDarb\u012bba<\/p>\n<p>22:13<br \/>\nCoreDNS-autoscaler samazin\u0101ja podu skaitu no tr\u012bs l\u012bdz diviem<\/p>\n<p>22:18<br \/>\nDe\u017e\u016br\u0113jo\u0161ie in\u017eenieri s\u0101kum\u0101 sa\u0146\u0113ma zvanus no uzraudz\u012bbas sist\u0113mas<\/p>\n<p>22:21<br \/>\nDe\u017e\u016br\u0113jo\u0161ie in\u017eenieri s\u0101ka noskaidrot k\u013c\u016bdu c\u0113loni<\/p>\n<p>22:39<br \/>\nDe\u017e\u016br\u0113jo\u0161ie in\u017eenieri s\u0101ka atgriezt vienu no p\u0113d\u0113jiem servisiem uz iepriek\u0161\u0113jo versiju<\/p>\n<p>22:40<br \/>\n5xx k\u013c\u016bdas p\u0101rst\u0101ja par\u0101d\u012bties, situ\u0101cija stabiliz\u0113j\u0101s<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Laiks l\u012bdz atkl\u0101\u0161anai:<\/b> 4 min<\/li>\n<li><b>Laiks l\u012bdz darb\u012bbu izpildei:<\/b> 21 min<\/li>\n<li><b>Laiks l\u012bdz labojumam:<\/b> 1 min<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Papildu inform\u0101cija<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>[INFO] 10.1.28.1:52495 - 2606 \"A IN mrkaran.hello.svc.cluster.local. udp 49 false 512\" NXDOMAIN qr,aa,rd 142 0.000524939s\n[INFO] 10.1.28.1:59287 - 57522 \"A IN mrkaran.svc.cluster.local. udp 43 false 512\" NXDOMAIN qr,aa,rd 136 0.000368277s\n[INFO] 10.1.28.1:53086 - 4863 \"A IN mrkaran.cluster.local. udp 39 false 512\" NXDOMAIN qr,aa,rd 132 0.000355344s\n[INFO] 10.1.28.1:56863 - 41678 \"A IN mrkaran. udp 25 false 512\" NXDOMAIN qr,rd,ra 100 0.034629206s\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">I0228 20:13:53.507780 1 event.go:221] Event(v1.ObjectReference{Kind:\"Deployment\", Namespace:\"kube-system\", Name:\"coredns\", UID:\"2493eb55-3dc0-11ea-b3a2-02bb48f8c230\", APIVersion:\"apps\/v1\", ResourceVersion:\"132690686\", FieldPath:\"\"}): type: 'Normal' reason: 'ScalingReplicaSet' Samazin\u0101ts replik\u0101cijas kopu skaits coredns-6cbb6646c9 l\u012bdz 2<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Saite uz Kibana (izgriezta), Grafana (izgriezta)<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.projectcalico.org\/when-linux-conntrack-is-no-longer-your-friend\/\">Kur Linux conntrack vairs nav j\u016bsu draugs<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/blog\/2019\/03\/29\/kube-proxy-subtleties-debugging-an-intermittent-connection-reset\/\">kube-proxy smalkumi: Intermit\u0113jo\u0161a savienojuma atiestat\u012b\u0161anas atk\u013c\u016bdo\u0161ana<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.weave.works\/blog\/racy-conntrack-and-dns-lookup-timeouts\">Neizl\u0113m\u012bgs conntrack un DNS piepras\u012bjumu laika izsiti<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nLai samazin\u0101tu procesora izmanto\u0161anu, Linux kodols izmanto t\u0101du lietu k\u0101 conntrack. Ja \u012bsi sakot, t\u0101 ir util\u012bta, kas satur NAT ierakstu sarakstu, kas tiek glab\u0101ts \u012bpa\u0161\u0101 tabul\u0101. Kad n\u0101kamais pakete n\u0101k no t\u0101 pa\u0161a poda taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 pod\u0101 k\u0101 agr\u0101k, gal\u012bgais IP adrese netiks apr\u0113\u0137in\u0101ta no jauna, bet tiek \u0146emta no conntrack tabulas.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"DNS probl\u0113mas Kubernetes. Publisks post-mortem\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/895db4057ee0912e16e017c6e3134162.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>K\u0101 darbojas conntrack<\/i><\/p>\n<h2>Secin\u0101jumi<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u0160is bija piem\u0113rs no m\u016bsu postmortem sast\u0101vda\u013c\u0101m ar da\u017e\u0101m noder\u012bg\u0101m sait\u0113m. Konkr\u0113ti \u0161aj\u0101 rakst\u0101 m\u0113s dal\u0101mies ar inform\u0101ciju, kas var\u0113tu b\u016bt noder\u012bga cit\u0101m komp\u0101nij\u0101m. Tie\u0161i t\u0101p\u0113c m\u0113s nebaid\u0101mies k\u013c\u016bd\u012bties un tie\u0161i t\u0101p\u0113c esam publiskoju\u0161i vienu no m\u016bsu postmortem.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>GitLab: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/about.gitlab.com\/blog\/2017\/02\/10\/postmortem-of-database-outage-of-january-31\/\">Datub\u0101zes p\u0101rtraukuma postmortems, 31. janv\u0101ris<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li>Dropbox: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/dropbox.tech\/infrastructure\/outage-post-mortem\">P\u0101rtraukuma postmortems<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li>Spotify: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/labs.spotify.com\/2017\/03\/31\/spotifys-lovehate-relationship-with-dns\/\">Spotify m\u012blest\u012bbas un naida attiec\u012bbas ar DNS<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li>Vair\u0101ki citi no <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/cheapRoc\/d9e73fe05480330c1e36410cbdf0e867\">\u0161\u012b gista<\/a><\/noindex> un repozitorija <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/hjacobs\/kubernetes-failure-stories\">Kubernetes neveiksmes st\u0101sti<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li>T\u0101pat <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/landing.google.com\/sre\/sre-book\/chapters\/postmortem\/\">piem\u0113rs<\/a><\/noindex> publiskais postmortems ar SRE gr\u0101matu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Avots: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/500346\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c. \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432.: \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Preply. \u0412 \u043d\u0435\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0441 conntrack \u0432 Kubernetes-\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043a \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044e \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0448\u043d\u0430. \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441 DNS \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 DNS \u041d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":80533,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80532","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - 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