{"id":81130,"date":"2020-05-11T01:42:39","date_gmt":"2020-05-10T23:42:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kubernetes-open-source-protiv-vendorskogo"},"modified":"2020-05-11T01:42:39","modified_gmt":"2020-05-10T23:42:39","slug":"kubernetes-open-source-protiv-vendorskogo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kubernetes-open-source-protiv-vendorskogo","title":{"rendered":"Kubernetes: atv\u0113rta pirmkoda pret pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Sveiki, mani sauc Dmitrijs Krasnovs. Jau vair\u0101k nek\u0101 piecus gadus es nodarbojos ar Kubernetes klasteru administr\u0113\u0161anu un sare\u017e\u0123\u012btu mikroservisu arhitekt\u016bru veido\u0161anu. \u0160\u0101 gada s\u0101kum\u0101 m\u0113s uzs\u0101k\u0101m Kubernetes klasteru p\u0101rvald\u012bbas pakalpojumu, balstoties uz Containerum. Izmantojot \u0161o iesp\u0113ju, past\u0101st\u012b\u0161u, kas \u012bsti ir \u0161is Kubernetes un k\u0101 integr\u0101cija ar p\u0101rdev\u0113ju at\u0161\u0137iras no open source.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Vispirms, kas ir <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/concepts\/overview\/what-is-kubernetes\/\">Kubernetes<\/a><\/noindex>. Tas ir sist\u0113ma, kas p\u0101rvalda konteinerus liel\u0101 daudzum\u0101 hostos. No grie\u0137u valodas tas paties\u012bb\u0101 tiek tulkots k\u0101 \"pilots\" vai \"st\u016brmanis\". S\u0101kotn\u0113ji to izstr\u0101d\u0101ja Google, p\u0113c tam tas tika nodots Cloud Native Computing Foundation, starptautiskai bezpe\u013c\u0146as organiz\u0101cijai, kas apvieno vado\u0161os pasaules izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jus, galapat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101jus un konteineru tehnolo\u0123iju pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jus. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kubernetes: atv\u0113rta pirmkoda pret pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/7cbe773adf691ad29c4aaa7a2c8f0461.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h3>Vad\u012bt lielu skaitu konteineru <\/h3>\n<p>\nTagad izdom\u0101sim, kas tie\u0161i ir \u0161ie konteineri. Tie ir lietojumi ar visu to apk\u0101rtni \u2013 galvenok\u0101rt, bibliot\u0113k\u0101m, no kur\u0101m atkar\u012bga programmas darb\u012bba. Viss tas ir iesai\u0146ots arh\u012bvos un prezent\u0113ts k\u0101 att\u0113ls, ko var palaist neatkar\u012bgi no oper\u0113t\u0101jsist\u0113mas, test\u0113t un ne tikai. Bet ir probl\u0113ma \u2014 p\u0101rvald\u012bt konteinerus liel\u0101 daudzum\u0101 hostos ir \u013coti gr\u016bti. T\u0101p\u0113c tika izveidots Kubernetes. <\/p>\n<p>Konteinera att\u0113ls sast\u0101v no lietojuma plus t\u0101 atkar\u012bb\u0101m. Lietojums, t\u0101 atkar\u012bbas un oper\u0113t\u0101jsist\u0113mas failu sist\u0113mas att\u0113ls atrodas da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s att\u0113la da\u013c\u0101s, t\u0101 sauktajos sl\u0101\u0146os. Sl\u0101\u0146us var izmantot atk\u0101rtoti da\u017e\u0101diem konteineriem. Piem\u0113ram, vis\u0101m uz\u0146\u0113muma lietojumprogramm\u0101m var tikt izmantots pamata sl\u0101nis Ubuntu. Konteineru palai\u0161an\u0101 nav vajadz\u012bbas uz hosta glab\u0101t daudzus viena pamata sl\u0101\u0146a eksempl\u0101rus. Tas \u013cauj optimiz\u0113t glab\u0101\u0161anu un att\u0113lu pieg\u0101di.<\/p>\n<p>Kad m\u0113s v\u0113lamies palaist lietojumprogrammu no konteinera, nepiecie\u0161amie sl\u0101\u0146i sakr\u012bt viens virs otra un izveidojas p\u0101rkl\u0101jo\u0161a failu sist\u0113ma. Virs\u016b tiek uzkl\u0101ts rakst\u012b\u0161anas sl\u0101nis, kas, apst\u0101dinot konteineru, tiek izdz\u0113sts. Tas garant\u0113, ka, palaidienu konteineru, lietojumprogrammai vienm\u0113r b\u016bs vien\u0101da vide, ko nevar main\u012bt. Tas nodro\u0161ina reproduc\u0113jam\u012bbu vid\u0113 da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s viesdatoru oper\u0113t\u0101jsist\u0113m\u0101s. Neatkar\u012bgi no t\u0101, vai t\u0101 ir Ubuntu vai CentOS, \u2013 vide vienm\u0113r b\u016bs vien\u0101da. Turkl\u0101t konteiners ir izol\u0113ts no viesdatora, izmantojot Linux kodol\u0101 ieb\u016bv\u0113tos meh\u0101nismus. Lietojumprogrammas konteiner\u0101 neredz viesdatora failus, procesus un blakus konteinerus. \u0160\u0101da izol\u0101cija no viesdatora oper\u0113t\u0101jsist\u0113mas nodro\u0161ina papildu dro\u0161\u012bbas l\u012bmeni. <\/p>\n<p>Lai p\u0101rvald\u012btu konteinerus uz viesdatora, ir \u013coti daudz r\u012bku. Vispopul\u0101r\u0101kais no tiem ir Docker. Tas nodro\u0161ina pilnu konteineru darb\u012bbas ciklu. Tom\u0113r tas darbojas tikai uz viena viesdatora. Ja nepiecie\u0161ams p\u0101rvald\u012bt konteinerus uz vair\u0101kiem viesdatoriem, Docker var p\u0101rv\u0113rst in\u017eenieru dz\u012bvi par elles. T\u0101p\u0113c tika izveidots Kubernetes.<\/p>\n<p>Kubernetes piepras\u012bjums ir tie\u0161i saist\u012bts ar sp\u0113j\u0101m vad\u012bt grupas konteineru uz vair\u0101kiem viesdatoriem k\u0101 vienotas entit\u0101tes. Sist\u0113mas popularit\u0101ti nodro\u0161ina iesp\u0113ja veidot DevOps jeb izstr\u0101des oper\u0101cijas, kur Kubernetes tiek izmantots, lai palaistu \u0161os procesus.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kubernetes: atv\u0113rta pirmkoda pret pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/40f253f4445595376231bb384253763d.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<i>Att\u0113ls 1. Schematic representation of how Kubernetes works<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>Piln\u012bga automatiz\u0101cija<\/h3>\n<p>\nDevOps, princip\u0101, ir k\u016bku automatiz\u0101cija. Vienk\u0101r\u0161i sakot, izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji raksta kodu, kas tiek aug\u0161upiel\u0101d\u0113ts kr\u0101tuves viet\u0101. P\u0113c tam \u0161o kodu var autom\u0101tiski sav\u0101kt tie\u0161i konteiner\u0101 ar vis\u0101m bibliot\u0113k\u0101m, nodot test\u0113\u0161anai un \"izlaist\" n\u0101kamaj\u0101 posm\u0101 - Staging, un p\u0113c tam uzreiz uz Production.<\/p>\n<p>Kubernetes kop\u0101 ar DevOps \u013cauj automatiz\u0113t \u0161o procesu, padarot to praktiski neatkar\u012bgu no pa\u0161u izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju l\u012bdzdal\u012bbas. Tas iev\u0113rojami pa\u0101trina b\u016bvniec\u012bbu, jo izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jam nav j\u0101nodarbojas ar to sav\u0101 dator\u0101 \u2014 vi\u0146\u0161 vienk\u0101r\u0161i raksta koda fragmentu, nospie\u017e to repozitorij\u0101, p\u0113c tam palai\u017eas pipeline, kas var ietvert b\u016bvniec\u012bbas, test\u0113\u0161anas un izvieto\u0161anas procesu. Un tas notiek ar katru kommitu, t\u0101p\u0113c \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0113\u0161ana notiek nep\u0101rtraukti.<\/p>\n<p>Taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 laik\u0101 konteineru izmanto\u0161ana nodro\u0161ina, ka visa \u0161\u012bs programmas vide tiks izlaista production tie\u0161i t\u0101d\u0101 veid\u0101, k\u0101d\u0101 t\u0101 tika test\u0113ta. Proti, nerad\u012bsies probl\u0113mas no s\u0113rijas \"test\u0113\u0161an\u0101 bija citas versijas, production \u2014 citas, bet, kad tika uzst\u0101d\u012bts, viss avar\u0113ja\". Un, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101, ka \u0161odien ir tendence uz mikropakalpojumu arhitekt\u016bru, kad vienas milz\u012bgas lietojumprogrammas viet\u0101 ir simtiem mazu, manu\u0101li tos administr\u0113t pras\u012bs milz\u012bgu darbinieku skaitu. T\u0101p\u0113c m\u0113s izmantojam Kubernetes.<\/p>\n<p><b><\/p>\n<h3>Priek\u0161roc\u012bbas, priek\u0161roc\u012bbas, priek\u0161roc\u012bbas<\/h3>\n<p><\/b><br \/>\nRun\u0101jot par Kubernetes priek\u0161roc\u012bb\u0101m k\u0101 platformu, t\u0101 ir iev\u0113rojam\u0101m priek\u0161roc\u012bb\u0101m mikropakalpojumu arhitekt\u016bras p\u0101rvald\u012bbas zi\u0146\u0101. <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <b>Daudzreplicu p\u0101rvald\u012bba.<\/b> Visvair\u0101k svar\u012bgs ir konteineru p\u0101rvald\u012bba vair\u0101kos hostos. Un kas ir v\u0113l svar\u012bg\u0101k, \u2014 daudzu aplik\u0101ciju replik\u0101ciju p\u0101rvald\u012bba konteineros k\u0101 vienai vien\u012bbai. Pateicoties tam, in\u017eenieriem nav j\u0101tur uzman\u012bba uz katru atsevi\u0161\u0137u konteineru. Ja viens no konteineriem avar\u0113s, Kubernetes to paman\u012bs un atk\u0101rtoti palaid\u012bs. <\/li>\n<li> <b>Klusteru t\u012bkls.<\/b> T\u0101pat Kubernetes ir t\u0101 sauktais klusteru t\u012bkls ar savu adreses telpu. Pateicoties tam, katram podam ir sava adrese. Pod tiek uzskat\u012bts par minim\u0101lo klusteru struktur\u0101lo vien\u012bbu, kur\u0101 tie\u0161i tiek palaisti konteineri. Turkl\u0101t Kubernetes ir funkcionalit\u0101te, kas apvieno slodzes balans\u0113t\u0101ju un pakalpojumu atkl\u0101\u0161anu. Tas \u013cauj izvair\u012bties no manu\u0101las IP adresu p\u0101rvald\u012bbas un uzlikt \u0161o uzdevumu Kubernetes pleciem. Automatiskie vesel\u012bbas p\u0101rbaudes pal\u012bdz\u0113s atkl\u0101t probl\u0113mas un novirz\u012bt trafiku uz akt\u012bvajiem podiem.<\/li>\n<li> <b>Konfigur\u0101ciju p\u0101rvald\u012bba. <\/b>P\u0101rvald\u012bt lielu skaitu lietojumprogrammu var b\u016bt gr\u016bti, jo \u012bpa\u0161i kad runa ir par konfigur\u0101cijas p\u0101rvald\u012bbu. T\u0101p\u0113c Kubernetes pied\u0101v\u0101 \u012bpa\u0161us resursus - ConfigMap, kas \u013cauj centraliz\u0113ti glab\u0101t konfigur\u0101cijas un iek\u013caut t\u0101s podos, palai\u017eot lietojumprogrammas. \u0160\u0101ds meh\u0101nisms garant\u0113 konfigur\u0101ciju konsekvenci neatkar\u012bgi no t\u0101, vai ir desmit vai simts lietojumprogrammu replik\u0101ciju. <\/li>\n<li> <b>Past\u0101v\u012bgie apjomi. <\/b>Konteineri p\u0113c savas b\u016bt\u012bbas ir nemain\u012bgi, un, apst\u0101joties konteineram, visi dati, kas rakst\u012bti failu sist\u0113m\u0101, tiks izn\u012bcin\u0101ti. Ta\u010du da\u017ei lietojumi glab\u0101 datus tie\u0161i disk\u0101. \u0160\u012bs probl\u0113mas risin\u0101\u0161anai Kubernetes nodro\u0161ina funkcionalit\u0101ti diskha\u013cu p\u0101rvald\u012bbai - past\u0101v\u012bgos apjomus. \u0160is meh\u0101nisms izmanto \u0101r\u0113jo kr\u0101tuvi datiem, var nodro\u0161in\u0101t past\u0101v\u012bgu kr\u0101tuvi, blo\u0137\u0113tu vai failu, konteineriem. \u0160\u0101ds risin\u0101jums \u013cauj saglab\u0101t datus atsevi\u0161\u0137i no darbiniekiem, saglab\u0101jot tos to boj\u0101juma gad\u012bjum\u0101.<\/li>\n<li> <b>Slodzes l\u012bdzsvarot\u0101js.<\/b> Neskatoties uz to, ka Kubernetes m\u0113s p\u0101rvald\u0101m abstraktas entit\u0101tes, piem\u0113ram, Deployment, StatefulSet u.c., galu gal\u0101 konteineri tiek palaisti uz parastiem <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"virtu\u0101l\u0101s ma\u0161\u012bn\u0101s\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4246\">virtu\u0101l\u0101s ma\u0161\u012bn\u0101s<\/a> vai met\u0101la serveriem. Tie nav ide\u0101li un var avar\u0113t jebkur\u0101 br\u012bd\u012b. Kubernetes to paman\u012bs un novirz\u012bs iek\u0161\u0113jo trafiku uz cit\u0101m replik\u0101m. Bet ko dar\u012bt ar trafiku, kas n\u0101k no \u0101rienes? Ja vienk\u0101r\u0161i novirz\u012bs trafiku uz vienu no darbiniekiem, kas notiks, ja tas avar\u0113? Pakalpojums k\u013c\u016bs nepieejams. \u0160\u012bs probl\u0113mas risin\u0101\u0161anai Kubernetes ir pakalpojumi k\u0101 Load Balancer. Tie ir paredz\u0113ti autom\u0101tiskai \u0101r\u0113j\u0101 m\u0101ko\u0146a l\u012bdzsvarot\u0101ja iestat\u012b\u0161anai visiem darbiniekiem klaster\u012b. \u0160is \u0101r\u0113jais l\u012bdzsvarot\u0101js novirza \u0101r\u0113jo trafiku uz darbiniekiem un pats uzrauga to statusu. Ja viens vai vair\u0101ki darbinieki k\u013c\u016bst nepieejami, tad trafiks tiek novirz\u012bts uz citiem. Tas \u013cauj izveidot augsti pieejamus pakalpojumus, izmantojot Kubernetes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nVislab\u0101k Kubernetes par\u0101d\u0101s, kad tiek palaist\u0101s mikroservisu arhitekt\u016bras. Sist\u0113mas ievie\u0161ana klasiskaj\u0101s arhitekt\u016br\u0101s ir iesp\u0113jama, ta\u010du bezj\u0113dz\u012bga. Ja lietojumprogramma nevar darboties vair\u0101k\u0101s replik\u0101s, tad k\u0101da j\u0113ga ir at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bbai - ar Kubernetes vai bez t\u0101?<\/p>\n<p><b><\/p>\n<h3>Atv\u0113rt\u0101 koda Kubernetes<\/h3>\n<p><\/b><br \/>\nAtv\u0113rt\u0101 koda Kubernetes \u2013 lieliska lieta: uzst\u0101di un tas str\u0101d\u0101. Var izv\u0113rst uz saviem serveriem, sav\u0101 infrastrukt\u016br\u0101, uzst\u0101d\u012bt meistaru un darbiniekus, uz kuriem tiks palaistas visas lietojumprogrammas. Un galvenais \u2013 viss tas ir bez maksas. Tom\u0113r ir da\u017eas nianses.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Pirmais \u2013 pras\u012bbas pret administratoru un in\u017eenieru zin\u0101\u0161an\u0101m un pieredzi, kuri visu to uzst\u0101d\u012bs un uztur\u0113s. T\u0101 k\u0101 klients ieg\u016bst piln\u012bgas r\u012bc\u012bbas br\u012bv\u012bbu klaster\u012b, atbild\u012bba par klastera darbsp\u0113ju gulstas uz vi\u0146a pa\u0161a pleciem. Un \u0161eit ir \u013coti viegli visu salauzt.<\/li>\n<li> Otrais \u2013 integr\u0101ciju tr\u016bkums. Ja palaid\u012bs Kubernetes, neieg\u016bstot k\u0101du popul\u0101ru virtualiz\u0101cijas platformu, tad nesa\u0146emsiet visus programmas priek\u0161roc\u012bbas. Piem\u0113ram, izmantojot Persistent Volumes un Load balancer pakalpojumus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kubernetes: atv\u0113rta pirmkoda pret pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/8445e46889ca4c4d53bd91abeaa49256.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<i>Att\u0113ls 2. K8s arhitekt\u016bra<\/i><\/p>\n<p><b><\/p>\n<h3>Kubernetes no pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja<\/h3>\n<p><\/b><br \/>\nIntegr\u0101cija ar m\u0101ko\u0146u pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ju nodro\u0161ina divas iesp\u0113jas: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Pirmk\u0101rt, lietot\u0101js var vienk\u0101r\u0161i nospiest pogu \u00abizveidot klasteri\u00bb un sa\u0146emt jau konfigur\u0113tu un gatavu darbam klasteri.<\/li>\n<li> Otrk\u0101rt, pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101js pats uzst\u0101da klasteri un konfigur\u0113 integr\u0101ciju ar m\u0101ko\u0146u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nK\u0101 tas notiek pie mums. In\u017eenieris, kur\u0161 uzst\u0101da klasteri, nor\u0101da, cik darbinieku un k\u0101diem parametriem tam nepiecie\u0161ami (piem\u0113ram, 5 darbinieki, katrs ar 10 CPU, 16 GB RAM un, teiksim, 100 GB diska). P\u0113c tam vi\u0146\u0161 ieg\u016bst piek\u013cuvi jau izveidotajam klasterim. \u0160aj\u0101 proces\u0101 darbinieki, uz kuriem tiek palaista slodze, piln\u012bb\u0101 tiek nodoti klientam, bet viss p\u0101rvald\u012bbas sl\u0101nis paliek pie pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja atbild\u012bbas (ja pakalpojums tiek sniegts k\u0101 p\u0101rvald\u012bts pakalpojums).<\/p>\n<p>Tom\u0113r \u0161ai sh\u0113mai ir savi tr\u016bkumi. T\u0101 k\u0101 p\u0101rvald\u012bbas sl\u0101nis paliek pie pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja, pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101js ne\u013cauj klientam piln\u012bb\u0101 piek\u013c\u016bt, un tas samazina elast\u012bbu darb\u0101 ar Kubernetes. Da\u017ereiz klients v\u0113las pievienot k\u0101du specifisku funkcionalit\u0101ti Kubernetes, piem\u0113ram, autentifik\u0101ciju caur LDAP, bet p\u0101rvald\u012bbas sl\u0101\u0146a konfigur\u0101cija to ne\u013cauj.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kubernetes: atv\u0113rta pirmkoda pret pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/e5cff16e4280cf041917c886c146a2d0.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<i>Att\u0113ls 3. Kubernetes klastera piem\u0113rs no m\u0101ko\u0146u pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ja<\/i><\/p>\n<p><b><\/p>\n<h3>Ko izv\u0113l\u0113ties: atv\u0113rt\u0101 koda vai pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja risin\u0101jumu<\/h3>\n<p><\/b><br \/>\nT\u0101tad, open source Kubernetes vai vendoru risin\u0101jums? Izv\u0113loties open source Kubernetes, lietot\u0101js var dar\u012bt, ko v\u0113las. Bet ir liela iesp\u0113ja tr\u0101p\u012bt sev k\u0101j\u0101. Ar vendoru risin\u0101jumu tas ir sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101k, jo uz\u0146\u0113mums ir p\u0101rliecin\u0101jies un visu noregul\u0113jis. Liel\u0101kais tr\u016bkums open source Kubernetes ir pras\u012bba p\u0113c speci\u0101listiem. Ar vendoru uz\u0146\u0113mums atbr\u012bvojas no \u0161\u012bs galvass\u0101pes, ta\u010du tam n\u0101ksies izlemt: maks\u0101t saviem speci\u0101listiem vai vendoram.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kubernetes: atv\u0113rta pirmkoda pret pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/f14130c42049e20b2f33121e4d789cca.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kubernetes: atv\u0113rta pirmkoda pret pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/4fb1feaacd42a67a444ae1600e37d0f0.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nNu tad, plusi ir ac\u012bmredzami, m\u012bnusi ar\u012b ir zin\u0101mi. Neizmain\u012bts ir viens: Kubernetes risina milzumu probl\u0113mu, automatiz\u0113jot daudzu konteineru p\u0101rvald\u012bbu. Un kuru izv\u0113l\u0113ties, open source vai vendoru risin\u0101jumu \u2014 to katrs izlemj pats.<\/p>\n<p><i>Rakstu sagatavoja Dmitrijs Krasnovs, vado\u0161ais arhitekts Containerum pakalpojuma #CloudMTS. <\/i><br \/>\n<br \/>Avots: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ru_mts\/blog\/500728\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0442 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432. \u0423\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u044f \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 Kubernetes \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 Kubernetes \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 Containerum. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 Kubernetes \u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0432\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 open source. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":81131,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-81130","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.5 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0442 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