{"id":90281,"date":"2020-07-30T13:42:14","date_gmt":"2020-07-30T11:42:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-uma-tech-infrastrukturu-razvivala"},"modified":"2020-07-30T13:42:14","modified_gmt":"2020-07-30T11:42:14","slug":"kak-uma-tech-infrastrukturu-razvivala","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-uma-tech-infrastrukturu-razvivala","title":{"rendered":"K\u0101 Uma.Tech infrastrukt\u016bru att\u012bst\u012bja","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u0113s esam uzs\u0101ku\u0161i jaunus pakalpojumus, datpl\u016bsma ir augusi, nomain\u012bju\u0161i serverus, piesl\u0113gu\u0161i jaunas vietnes un p\u0101rveidoju\u0161i datu centrus \u2013 tagad past\u0101st\u012bsim \u0161o st\u0101stu, ar kura s\u0101kumu j\u016bs iepaz\u012bstin\u0101j\u0101m pirms pieciem gadiem.<\/i>.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Pieci gadi \u2013 rakstur\u012bgs laiks starpposma rezult\u0101tu apkopo\u0161anai. T\u0101p\u0113c m\u0113s nol\u0113m\u0101m past\u0101st\u012bt par m\u016bsu infrastrukt\u016bras att\u012bst\u012bbu, kas piecu gadu laik\u0101 ir g\u0101jusi p\u0101rsteidzo\u0161i interesantu att\u012bst\u012bbas ce\u013cu, ar kuru m\u0113s lepojamies. Realiz\u0113t\u0101s kvantitat\u012bv\u0101s izmai\u0146as p\u0101rv\u0113rt\u0101s kvalitat\u012bv\u0101s, tagad infrastrukt\u016bra var darboties re\u017e\u012bmos, kas pag\u0101ju\u0161\u0101 gadsimta vid\u016b \u0161\u0137ita fantastiski. <\/p>\n

M\u0113s nodro\u0161in\u0101m sare\u017e\u0123\u012btu projektu darb\u012bbu ar visstingr\u0101kaj\u0101m uzticam\u012bbas un slodzes pras\u012bb\u0101m, starp kuriem ir PREMIER un Match TV. Sporta p\u0101rraides un popul\u0101ro seri\u0101lu pirmizr\u0101d\u0113m nepiecie\u0161ams datpl\u016bsmas izsniegums terabitos\/s, ko m\u0113s viegli realiz\u0113jam, un pat tik bie\u017ei, ka darbs ar \u0161\u0101d\u0101m \u0101tr\u0101m temp\u0113m jau sen ir k\u013cuvis par mums ierastu lietu. Bet pirms pieciem gadiem vissmag\u0101kais projekts, kas darboj\u0101s m\u016bsu sist\u0113m\u0101s, bija Rutube, kas kop\u0161 t\u0101 laika ir att\u012bst\u012bjies, palielin\u0101jis apjomus un datpl\u016bsmu, ko bija j\u0101\u0146em v\u0113r\u0101 pl\u0101nojot slodzes.<\/p>\n

M\u0113s esam st\u0101st\u012bju\u0161i par to, k\u0101 att\u012bst\u012bj\u0101m m\u016bsu infrastrukt\u016bras \u201edzelzi\u201c (\u201eRutube 2009-2015: m\u016bsu dzelzs v\u0113sture\u201c<\/a><\/noindex>) un att\u012bst\u012bj\u0101m sist\u0113mu, kas atbild par video pieg\u0101di (\u201eNo nulles l\u012bdz 700 gigabit\u0101m sekund\u0113 \u2013 k\u0101 pieg\u0101d\u0101 video viens no liel\u0101kajiem video mitin\u0101t\u0101jiem Krievij\u0101\u201c<\/a><\/noindex>), bet kop\u0161 \u0161o tekstu rakst\u012b\u0161anas ir pag\u0101jis daudz laika, ir izveidoti un ieviesti daudzi citi risin\u0101jumi, kuru rezult\u0101ti \u013cauj mums atbild\u0113t uz m\u016bsdienu pras\u012bb\u0101m un b\u016bt pietiekami elast\u012bgiem, lai p\u0101rstruktur\u0113tos jaun\u0101m uzdevumiem.<\/p>\n

\"K\u0101
\n
\nM\u016bsu t\u012bkla kods<\/b> past\u0101v\u012bgi att\u012bst\u0101s. M\u0113s p\u0101rg\u0101j\u0101m uz Cisco aparat\u016bru 2015. gad\u0101, par ko m\u0113s jau piemin\u0113j\u0101m iepriek\u0161\u0113j\u0101 rakst\u0101. Toreiz tas bija tas pats 10\/40G, bet saprotamu iemeslu d\u0113\u013c jau p\u0113c da\u017eiem gadiem moderniz\u0113j\u0101m eso\u0161\u0101s \u0161asijas, un tagad akt\u012bvi izmantojam ar\u012b 25\/100G. <\/p>\n

\"K\u0101
\n
\n100G savienojumi jau sen vairs nav ne grezn\u012bba (dr\u012bz\u0101k t\u0101 ir steidzama pras\u012bba m\u016bsu segment\u0101), ne ar\u012b retums (arvien vair\u0101k operatoru pied\u0101v\u0101 piesl\u0113gumu pie \u0161\u0101d\u0101m \u0101trumiem). Tom\u0113r 10\/40G joproj\u0101m ir aktu\u0101li: caur \u0161iem savienojumiem m\u0113s turpin\u0101m piesl\u0113gt operatorus ar nelielu datu pl\u016bsmu, kur \u0161obr\u012bd nav izdev\u012bgi izmantot jaud\u012bg\u0101ku portu.<\/p>\n

M\u016bsu veidotais t\u012bkla kodols peln\u012bjis atsevi\u0161\u0137u apskatu un dr\u012bz k\u013c\u016bs par atsevi\u0161\u0137as raksta t\u0113mu. Tur m\u0113s padzi\u013cin\u0101ti apl\u016bkosim tehnisk\u0101s deta\u013cas un izv\u0113rt\u0113sim lo\u0123iku m\u016bsu r\u012bc\u012bb\u0101 t\u0101 veido\u0161an\u0101. Bet \u0161obr\u012bd turpin\u0101sim z\u012bm\u0113t infrastrukt\u016bru vair\u0101k sh\u0113miski, jo j\u016bsu uzman\u012bba, cien\u012bjamie las\u012bt\u0101ji, nav bezgal\u012bga.<\/p>\n

Video serveri <\/b>att\u012bst\u0101s \u0101tri, un m\u0113s pied\u0101v\u0101jam daudz p\u016b\u013cu. Ja agr\u0101k m\u0113s vair\u0101k izmantoj\u0101m 2U serverus ar 4-5 t\u012bkla kart\u0113m, katr\u0101 no kur\u0101m bija divi 10G porti, tad tagad liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca datu pl\u016bsmas tiek nodro\u0161in\u0101ta ar 1U serveriem, kuros ir 2-3 kartes, katr\u0101 no kur\u0101m ir divi 25G porti. 10G un 25G kartes praktiski ir sasniegu\u0161as vien\u0101du cenu, un \u0101tr\u0101ki risin\u0101jumi \u013cauj nodro\u0161in\u0101t savienojumu gan ar 10G, gan ar 25G. Rezult\u0101ts ir ac\u012bmredzama ekonomija: maz\u0101k servera komponentu un piesl\u0113guma kabe\u013cu \u2013 maz\u0101kas izmaksas (un augst\u0101ka uzticam\u012bba), komponenti aiz\u0146em maz\u0101k vietas skap\u012b \u2013 ir k\u013cuvusi iesp\u0113jama liel\u0101ka serveru izvieto\u0161ana uz vienu plat\u012bbu un, l\u012bdz ar to, samazin\u0101tas nomas izmaksas.<\/p>\n

Bet svar\u012bg\u0101ka ir uzvar\u0113t\u0101 \u0101trum\u0101! Tagad m\u0113s ar 1U varam nodro\u0161in\u0101t vair\u0101k par 100G! Un tas ir fona apst\u0101k\u013cos, kad da\u017ei lielie Krievijas projekti sauc par \"sasniegumu\" 40G snieg\u0161anu ar 2U. Mums t\u0101s b\u016btu vi\u0146u probl\u0113mas!<\/p>\n

\"K\u0101
\n
\nPiez\u012bm\u0113sim, ka t\u012bkla kar\u0161u paaudze, kas sp\u0113j str\u0101d\u0101t tikai uz 10G, m\u0113s joproj\u0101m izmantojam. \u0160\u012b iek\u0101rta stabil\u0101 darb\u012bb\u0101 saglab\u0101jas un ir labi paz\u012bstama, t\u0101p\u0113c m\u0113s to neesam izmetu\u0161i, bet esam atradu\u0161i tai jaunu pielietojumu. \u0160os komponentus m\u0113s instal\u0113j\u0101m video glab\u0101\u0161anas serveros, kuriem efekt\u012bvai darb\u012bbai noteikti nepietiek ar vienu vai diviem 1G saskarsm\u0113m, \u0161eit 10G kartes izr\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s aktu\u0101las.<\/p>\n

Datu glab\u0101\u0161anas sist\u0113mas<\/b> ar\u012b pieaug. P\u0113d\u0113jo piecu gadu laik\u0101 t\u0101s no divpadsmit disku (12x HDD 2U) ir k\u013cuvu\u0161as par tr\u012bsdesmit se\u0161u disku (36\u0445 HDD 4U). \u0160\u0101di ietilp\u012bgi \u201e\u0161asijas\u201d da\u017ei baid\u0101s izmantot, jo gad\u012bjum\u0101, ja viena \u0161\u0101da \u0161asija izg\u0101\u017eas, var rasties draudi veiktsp\u0113jai \u2013 vai pat sist\u0113mas darbsp\u0113jai! \u2013 visai sist\u0113mai. Bet pie mums t\u0101 nenotiks: m\u0113s nodro\u0161in\u0101j\u0101m datu \u0123eoredundanci. M\u0113s saplok\u0101m \u0161asijas da\u017e\u0101dos datu centros \u2013 kop\u0101 m\u0113s izmantojam tr\u012bs \u2013 un tas izsl\u0113dz probl\u0113mu ra\u0161anos, gan izsl\u0113dzot \u0161asijas, gan strauj\u0101s vietas kritumu.<\/p>\n

\"K\u0101
\n
\nProtams, \u0161\u0101da pieeja padar\u012bja aparat\u016bras RAID nevajadz\u012bgu, no kura m\u0113s atteic\u0101mies. Atbr\u012bvojoties no liek\u0101m komponent\u0113m, m\u0113s vienlaikus palielin\u0101j\u0101m sist\u0113mas uzticam\u012bbu, atvieglojot risin\u0101jumu un no\u0146emot vienu potenci\u0101lo k\u013c\u016bmes punktu. Atg\u0101din\u0101m, ka m\u016bsu uzglab\u0101\u0161anas sist\u0113ma ir \u201epa\u0161u ra\u017eots\u201d. M\u0113s pie\u0146\u0113m\u0101m \u0161o l\u0113mumu piln\u012bgi apzin\u0101ti, un rezult\u0101ts m\u016bs piln\u012bb\u0101 apmierin\u0101ja.<\/p>\n

Datu centri<\/b> p\u0113d\u0113jo piecu gadu laik\u0101 m\u0113s main\u012bj\u0101m vair\u0101kas reizes. Kop\u0161 iepriek\u0161\u0113j\u0101 raksta uzrakst\u012b\u0161anas m\u0113s nemain\u012bj\u0101m tikai vienu datu centru \u2013 DataLine \u2013 p\u0101r\u0113jie pras\u012bja nomai\u0146u m\u016bsu infrastrukt\u016bras att\u012bst\u012bbas gait\u0101. Visi p\u0101rvietojumi starp viet\u0101m bija pl\u0101noti.<\/p>\n

Pirms diviem gadiem m\u0113s migr\u0113j\u0101m iek\u0161pus\u0113 MMTS-9, p\u0101rejot uz vietu ar kvalitat\u012bvu remontu, labu dzes\u0113\u0161anas sist\u0113mu, stabilu elektroapg\u0101di un bez putek\u013ciem, kas iepriek\u0161 bieza sl\u0101n\u012b kl\u0101ja visas virsmas un piln\u012bb\u0101 aizpild\u012bja m\u016bsu iek\u0101rtu iek\u0161\u0113jo da\u013cu. Izv\u0113le par labu augst\u0101kaj\u0101m pakalpojumu kvalit\u0101t\u0113m \u2013 un putek\u013cu tr\u016bkumam! \u2013 bija iemesls m\u016bsu p\u0101rvieto\u0161anai.<\/p>\n

\"K\u0101
\n
\nGandr\u012bz vienm\u0113r \u201eviens p\u0101rvietojums ir divas katastrofas\u201d, bet probl\u0113mas migr\u0101cijas laik\u0101 katru reizi ir at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgas. \u0160oreiz galven\u0101 gr\u016bt\u012bba p\u0101rvieto\u0161an\u0101 vien\u0101 datu centr\u0101 rad\u0101s no optisk\u0101m krustojumiem \u2013 to p\u0101rpiln\u012bba starp st\u0101viem, neapvienojoties vien\u0101 kop\u012bg\u0101 krustojum\u0101 no sakaru operatoriem. Krustojumu aktu\u0101liz\u0101cijas un p\u0101rkl\u0101\u0161anas process (kur\u0101 mums pal\u012bdz\u0113ja MMTS-9 in\u017eenieri), bija, iesp\u0113jams, visgr\u016bt\u0101kais migr\u0101cijas posms.<\/p>\n

Otr\u0101 migr\u0101cija notika pirms gada, 2019. gad\u0101, p\u0101rv\u0101c\u0101mies no ne p\u0101r\u0101k labas datu centra uz O2xygen. P\u0101rv\u0101k\u0161an\u0101s iemesli bija l\u012bdz\u012bgi iepriek\u0161 min\u0113tajiem, ta\u010du tiem pievienoj\u0101s probl\u0113ma ar s\u0101kotn\u0113j\u0101 datu centra nepievilc\u012bbu sakaru operatoriem \u2013 daudziem pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113jiem n\u0101c\u0101s \u201eno\u0137ert\u201d l\u012bdz \u0161ai vietai pa\u0161iem.<\/p>\n

\"K\u0101
\n
\nMigr\u0101cija 13 stendiem uz kvalitat\u012bvu vietu MMTS-9 \u013c\u0101va att\u012bst\u012bt \u0161o lok\u0101ciju ne tikai k\u0101 operatoru (da\u017eas stendi un operatoru \u201ep\u0101rn\u0113s\u0101\u0161ana\u201d), bet ar\u012b izmantot k\u0101 vienu no galvenaj\u0101m. Tas nedaudz atviegloja p\u0101rv\u0101k\u0161anos no ne p\u0101r\u0101k lab\u0101 datu centra \u2013 liel\u0101ko da\u013cu apr\u012bkojuma m\u0113s p\u0101rv\u0101c\u0101m uz citu vietu, bet O2xygen ieguva att\u012bst\u012bbas lomu, nos\u016btot tur 5 stendus ar apr\u012bkojumu.<\/p>\n

\u0160odien O2xygen jau ir pilnv\u0113rt\u012bga vieta, kur \u201eierad\u0101s\u201d nepiecie\u0161amie oper\u0101tori un turpina piesl\u0113gties jauni. O2xygen operatoriem izr\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s ar\u012b pievilc\u012bgs no strat\u0113\u0123isk\u0101 att\u012bst\u012bbas viedok\u013ca.<\/p>\n

M\u0113s noteikti veicam galveno p\u0101rv\u0101k\u0161an\u0101s posmu vien\u0101 nakt\u012b, un migr\u0101cijas laik\u0101 gan MMTS-9, gan uz O2xygen m\u0113s iev\u0113rojam \u0161o noteikumu. Uzsveram, ka noteikums \u201ep\u0101rv\u0101k\u0161an\u0101s vien\u0101 nakt\u012b\u201d ir stingri j\u0101iev\u0113ro neatkar\u012bgi no stendu skaita! Bija pat precedents, kad m\u0113s p\u0101rv\u0101c\u0101m 20 stendus un to izdar\u012bj\u0101m ar\u012b vien\u0101 nakt\u012b. Migr\u0101cija ir diezgan viegls process, kas prasa precizit\u0101ti un sec\u012bbu, ta\u010du ar\u012b \u0161eit ir da\u017eas nianses gan sagatavo\u0161an\u0101s proces\u0101, gan p\u0101rv\u0101k\u0161an\u0101s laik\u0101, un jaunu lok\u0101ciju izv\u0113r\u0161an\u0101. Par migr\u0101ciju deta\u013c\u0101s m\u0113s esam gatavi detaliz\u0113ti past\u0101st\u012bt, ja j\u016bs interes\u0113.<\/p>\n

Rezult\u0101ti<\/b> Mums pat\u012bk piecu gadu att\u012bst\u012bba. M\u0113s pabeidz\u0101m jaun\u0101s nep\u0101rtrauktas infrastrukt\u016bras izveidi, kas sadal\u012bta tr\u012bs datu apstr\u0101des centros. Strauji palielin\u0101j\u0101m datu pl\u016bsmas bl\u012bvumu \u2013 ja nesen priec\u0101j\u0101mies par 40\u201380G ar 2U, tad tagad ir norma nodot 100G ar 1U. Tagad ar\u012b terabitu datu pl\u016bsma mums \u0161\u0137iet parasta. M\u0113s esam gatavi turpin\u0101t att\u012bst\u012bt m\u016bsu infrastrukt\u016bru, kas ir izn\u0101kusi elast\u012bga un m\u0113rogojama.<\/p>\n

Jaut\u0101jums: <\/b>Par ko m\u0113s st\u0101st\u012bsim n\u0101kamajos tekstos, cien\u012bjamie las\u012bt\u0101ji? Par to, k\u0101p\u0113c m\u0113s s\u0101k\u0101m izstr\u0101d\u0101t pa\u0161m\u0101ju datu glab\u0101\u0161anas sist\u0113mas? Par t\u012bkla kodolu un t\u0101 \u012bpatn\u012bb\u0101m? Par vilt\u012bb\u0101m un nians\u0113m migr\u0101cij\u0101 starp datu centriem? Par risin\u0101jumu optimiz\u0101ciju, izv\u0113loties komponentes un prec\u012bzi iestatot parametrus? Par iztur\u012bgu risin\u0101jumu rad\u012b\u0161anu, pateicoties vair\u0101kk\u0101rt\u0113jai dubl\u0113\u0161anai un horizont\u0101laj\u0101m m\u0113rogo\u0161anas iesp\u0113j\u0101m datu centr\u0101, kas realiz\u0113tas tr\u012bs datu centru strukt\u016br\u0101?<\/p>\n

Autors: P\u0113teris Vinogradovs \u2014 Tehniskais direktors Uma.Tech \u017durkas<\/a><\/noindex> <\/i>
\n
Avots: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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