{"id":97415,"date":"2020-10-18T08:42:12","date_gmt":"2020-10-18T06:42:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/12-instrumentov-delayushhih-kubernetes-legche"},"modified":"2020-10-18T08:42:12","modified_gmt":"2020-10-18T06:42:12","slug":"12-instrumentov-delayushhih-kubernetes-legche","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/lv\/blog\/administrirovanie\/12-instrumentov-delayushhih-kubernetes-legche","title":{"rendered":"12 r\u012bki, kas padara Kubernetes viegl\u0101ku.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"12<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kubernetes ir k\u013cuvis par standarta risin\u0101jumu, un daudzi to apstiprin\u0101s, izv\u0113r\u0161ot konteineru lietojumprogrammas da\u017e\u0101dos apm\u0113ros. Bet, ja Kubernetes pal\u012bdz mums tikt gal\u0101 ar haotisk\u0101m un sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101m konteineru pieg\u0101d\u0113m, kas pal\u012bdz\u0113s mums tikt gal\u0101 ar Kubernetes? Tas var b\u016bt sare\u017e\u0123\u012bts, jucekl\u012bgs un gr\u016bti p\u0101rvald\u0101ms.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Att\u012bstoties Kubernetes, daudzas t\u0101 nianses, protams, tiks atrisin\u0101tas pa\u0161\u0101 projekt\u0101. Bet da\u017ei lietot\u0101ji nev\u0113las gaid\u012bt, kad b\u016bs viegl\u0101k str\u0101d\u0101t ar Kubernetes, t\u0101p\u0113c vi\u0146i ir izstr\u0101d\u0101ju\u0161i savus risin\u0101jumus daudzu izplat\u012btu probl\u0113mu risin\u0101\u0161anai industri\u0101laj\u0101 Kubernetes lieto\u0161an\u0101.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

N.B. Ceru, ka nezin\u0101m\u0101 siksp\u0101r\u0146u slim\u012bba, kas iekoda suni, kas iekoda pangol\u012bnu, kur\u0161 iekoda \u0137\u012bnieti d\u012bvain\u0101 k\u0101rt\u0101 Uha\u0146\u0101, kur atrodas BSL-4 l\u012bme\u0146a biolo\u0123isk\u0101 laboratorija, l\u012bdz febru\u0101rim norims un par 2019-nCoV m\u0113s tikai atcer\u0113simies, lietojot apvainojumu v\u0101rdus. Un m\u0113s var\u0113sim organiz\u0113t jau kl\u0101tien\u0113 Kubernetes B\u0101ze<\/a><\/noindex> 8\u201310 febru\u0101r\u012b 2021, k\u0101 Kubernetes Mega<\/a><\/noindex> jau progres\u012bviem K8s lietot\u0101jiem 12\u201314 febru\u0101r\u012b. God\u012bgi, es, k\u0101 redaktors, esmu ilgojies p\u0113c diskusij\u0101m, kafijas pauz\u0113m, str\u012bdiem un sare\u017e\u0123\u012btiem jaut\u0101jumiem run\u0101t\u0101jiem. Nu, vai nu izn\u012bksim k\u0101 visa plan\u0113ta Stil\u0101 p\u0113c visdzi\u013c\u0101kajiem un visd\u012bvain\u0101kajiem Stjopas rom\u0101niem, ja augst\u0101k\u0101s sp\u0113ks b\u016bs noguru\u0161as no m\u016bsu mu\u013c\u0137\u012bgajiem jociem k\u0101 Kon\u010dita Vurst, patriarha Kirila stundas un p\u0101vesta v\u0101rdus l\u016bg\u0161an\u0101 \u201cM\u016bsu t\u0113vs\u201d labo\u0161ana.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Bet atgriez\u012bsimies pie galven\u0101. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Goldpinger: Kubernetes klasteru vizualiz\u0101cija<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

Cilv\u0113ki dod priek\u0161roku skat\u012bties. Diagrammas un grafiki padara viegl\u0101ku milz\u012bg\u0101s ainas izpratni. \u0145emot v\u0113r\u0101 Kubernetes klastera m\u0113rogus un sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u012bbu, m\u0113s varam izmantot \u0161o \u012bpatn\u012bbu piln\u012bb\u0101.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Projekts ar jautru nosaukumu (diez vai \u0161eit ir kas sakar\u012bgs ar 007 a\u0123entu, piez\u012bme tulkot\u0101jam<\/em>) Goldpinger<\/a><\/noindex>, kuram ir atv\u0113rt\u0101 koda un ko ir izlaidusi Bloomberg tehnisk\u0101 noda\u013ca, ir vienk\u0101r\u0161s r\u012bks, kas darbojas Kubernetes klaster\u012b un att\u0113lo interakt\u012bvu attiec\u012bbu karti starp mezgliem. Pareizi funkcion\u0113jo\u0161i mezgli tiek par\u0101d\u012bti za\u013c\u0101 kr\u0101s\u0101, nefunkcion\u0113jo\u0161ie \u2014 sarkan\u0101. Pietiek ar klik\u0161\u0137i uz mezgla, lai uzzin\u0101tu s\u012bk\u0101ku inform\u0101ciju. Var ar\u012b iestat\u012bt API, izmantojot Swagger, lai pievienotu papildus p\u0101rskatus, raksturlielumus un citas lietas.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

K9s: Pilnekr\u0101na konsoles interfeiss Kubernetes<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

Sist\u0113mas administratori m\u012bl \"viena loga\" lietas. K9s<\/a><\/noindex> ir pilnekr\u0101na konsoles interfeiss Kubernetes klasteriem. Ar t\u0101 pal\u012bdz\u012bbu j\u016bs varat viegli un \u0113rti apskat\u012bt palaistos Pods, \u017eurn\u0101lus un izvietojumus, \u0101tri piek\u013c\u016bstot shell. Piez\u012bme: jums j\u0101pie\u0161\u0137ir Kubernetes lietot\u0101jiem lietot\u0101ja un nosaukumvietas las\u012b\u0161anas ties\u012bbas, lai K9s darbotos pareizi.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kops: Konsoles oper\u0101cijas r\u012bks Kubernetes klasteriem<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0160is<\/a><\/noindex> izstr\u0101d\u0101jums no Kubernetes komandas pal\u012bdz\u0113s jums p\u0101rvald\u012bt Kubernetes klasterus no komandrindas. Tas atbalsta klasterus, kas darbojas AWS un GKE, k\u0101 ar\u012b darbojas ar VMware vSphere un citiem vid\u0113m. Papildus instal\u0113\u0161anas un no\u0146em\u0161anas procesu automatiz\u0101cijai Kops var pal\u012bdz\u0113t ar\u012b ar citiem automatiz\u0101cijas veidiem. Proti, tas var izveidot iestat\u012bjumus Terraform, ar kuriem iesp\u0113jams p\u0101rcelt klasteri, izmantojot Terraform.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kubebox: Termin\u0101la saskarne Kubernetes<\/h2>\n

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Uzlabota termin\u0101la saskarne Kubernetes, Kubebox<\/a><\/noindex>, pied\u0101v\u0101 vair\u0101k nek\u0101 vec\u0101 lab\u0101 Kubernetes un t\u0101 API saskarne. Starp citu, t\u0101 sp\u0113j re\u0101l\u0101 laik\u0101 par\u0101d\u012bt procesora laika un operat\u012bv\u0101s atmi\u0146as izmanto\u0161anu, pods sarakstu, \u017eurn\u0101lu saturu, k\u0101 ar\u012b uzs\u0101kt iestat\u012bjumu redaktoru. V\u0113l viena pat\u012bkama lieta ir t\u0101, ka t\u0101 ir pieejama k\u0101 atsevi\u0161\u0137a lietotne Linux, Windows un MacOS.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kube-applier<\/h2>\n

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Kube-applier<\/a><\/noindex> tiek instal\u0113ts k\u0101 Kubernetes pakalpojums, sa\u0146em deklarat\u012bvos iestat\u012bjumus Kubernetes klasterim no git repozitorija un tad tos piem\u0113ro klastera pods. Katra reize, kad notiek izmai\u0146as, tiek \u0146emtas no repozitorija un piem\u0113rotas piepras\u012btajiem pods. Tas nedaudz atg\u0101dina Google Scaffold, bet darbojas visu klasteri p\u0101rvald\u012b\u0161anai, nevis viena lietojumprogrammas p\u0101rvald\u012bbai.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Ir iesp\u0113ja veikt izmai\u0146as iestat\u012bjumos p\u0113c grafika vai p\u0113c piepras\u012bjuma. Visas darb\u012bbas tiek re\u0123istr\u0113tas \u017eurn\u0101l\u0101, k\u0101 ar\u012b tiek pied\u0101v\u0101tas raksturojumi, kas ir sader\u012bgi ar Prometheus, t\u0101p\u0113c j\u016bs vienm\u0113r redz\u0113siet to, kas var ietekm\u0113t klastera darb\u012bbu.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kube-ps1: Gudra komandrindas uzvedne Kubernetes<\/h2>\n

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N\u0113, Kube-ps1<\/a><\/noindex> Tas nav Sony PlayStation emulatoris Kubernetes, lai gan tas b\u016btu eleganti. Tas ir vienk\u0101r\u0161s Bash komandrindas papla\u0161in\u0101jums, kas par\u0101da pa\u0161reiz\u0113jo Kubernetes kontekstu un nosaukumu telpu komandu aicin\u0101jum\u0101. Kube-shell iek\u013cauj to kop\u0101 ar daudz\u0101m cit\u0101m funkcij\u0101m, bet, ja jums vienk\u0101r\u0161i vajag inteli\u0123entu komandu aicin\u0101jumu \u2014 Kube-ps1 to nodro\u0161in\u0101s ar minim\u0101l\u0101m izmaks\u0101m.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kube-prompt<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

V\u0113l viena minim\u0101la, bet pat\u012bkami lietojama Kubernetes CLI modifik\u0101cija ir Kube-prompt<\/a><\/noindex>, ar kuru j\u016bs varat piek\u013c\u016bt interakt\u012bvam seansam ar Kubernetes klientu. Kube-prompt atvieglo jums nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbu ievad\u012bt kubectl<\/code> pirms katras komandas, k\u0101 ar\u012b pied\u0101v\u0101 autom\u0101tisko pabeig\u0161anu ar konteksta inform\u0101ciju katrai komandai.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kubespy: Re\u0101l\u0101 laika Kubernetes resursu uzraudz\u012bba<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

Kubespy<\/a><\/noindex> no Pulumi ir diagnostikas r\u012bks, kas pal\u012bdz atk\u013c\u016bdot izmai\u0146as klastera resursos re\u0101l\u0101 laik\u0101, nodro\u0161inot kaut ko l\u012bdz\u012bgu teksta pane\u013ca vad\u012bbas inform\u0101cijai. Piem\u0113ram, j\u016bs v\u0113laties apl\u016bkot izmai\u0146as<\/a><\/noindex> pod st\u0101vokl\u012b kop\u0161 palai\u0161anas: pod defin\u012bcija tiek ierakst\u012bta etcd, pod tiek pl\u0101nots uz uzst\u0101d\u012b\u0161anu mezgl\u0101, kubelet uz mezgla izveido pod, un visbeidzot, pod tiek mar\u0137\u0113ts k\u0101 palaists. Kubespy var darboties k\u0101 atsevi\u0161\u0137a programma vai k\u0101 papla\u0161in\u0101jums kubectl.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kubeval: Kubernetes iestat\u012bjumu valid\u0101cija<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

Kubernetes iestat\u012bjumu YAML faili var b\u016bt cilv\u0113kam las\u0101mi, bet tas ne vienm\u0113r noz\u012bm\u0113, ka tie var ar\u012b tikt valid\u0113ti. Viegli var izlaist komatu vai nosaukumu un nepaman\u012bt to, l\u012bdz b\u016bs par v\u0113lu. Lab\u0101k izmantot Kubeval<\/a><\/noindex>, lok\u0101li uzst\u0101d\u012btu vai piesl\u0113gtu CICD konvejera ietvaros. Kubeval \u0146em YAML Kubernetes iestat\u012bjumu defin\u012bciju un atgrie\u017e inform\u0101ciju par to pareiz\u012bbu. Tas ar\u012b sp\u0113j izvad\u012bt datus JSON vai TAP form\u0101t\u0101, k\u0101 ar\u012b analiz\u0113t avota veidnes, uz kur\u0101m attiecas Helm \u0161arta iestat\u012bjumi, neveicot papildu piepras\u012bjumus.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kube-ops-view: Pane\u013cu r\u012bks vair\u0101kiem Kubernetes klasteriem<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

Kubernetes jau ir diezgan laba visp\u0101r\u0113ja uzraudz\u012bbas pane\u013ca r\u012bks, bet Kubernetes kopiena eksperiment\u0113 ar citiem datu att\u0113lo\u0161anas veidiem, kas ir piem\u0113roti Kubernetes sist\u0113mas administratoriem. Kube-ops-view<\/a><\/noindex> Tie\u0161i t\u0101ds ir \u0161is eksperiments, kas sniedz iesp\u0113ju p\u0101rskat\u012bt vair\u0101kus klasterus, var redz\u0113t procesora laika un operat\u012bv\u0101s atmi\u0146as pat\u0113ri\u0146u, k\u0101 ar\u012b klasteru modu\u013cu st\u0101vokli. L\u016bdzu, \u0146emiet v\u0113r\u0101, ka nav iesp\u0113jams izsist komandas, r\u012bks ir tikai vizualiz\u0101cijai. Tom\u0113r sniegt\u0101s att\u0113lo\u0161anas ir skaidras un sak\u0101rtotas, ide\u0101li piem\u0113rotas j\u016bsu atbalsta centr\u0101 izlikt uz sienas ekr\u0101na.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Rio: Lietojumprogrammu pieg\u0101de Kubernetes\u0101<\/h2>\n

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Rio<\/a><\/noindex>, projekts no Rancher Labs, \u012bsteno kop\u012bgas pieg\u0101des metodes Kubernetes\u0101, piem\u0113ram, CD no Git, AB vai za\u013c\u0101-zil\u0101 pieg\u0101de. Tas var ar\u012b izlaist jauno versiju j\u016bsu lietojumprogrammai, tikl\u012bdz j\u016bs esat veiku\u0161i izmai\u0146as, pal\u012bdzot p\u0101rvald\u012bt sare\u017e\u0123\u012bjumus, piem\u0113ram, DNS, HTTPS, Service Mesh.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Stern un Kubetail: \u017eurn\u0101lu skat\u012b\u0161ana Kubernetes\u0101<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

Stern<\/a><\/noindex> sniedz kr\u0101sainu izvadi (k\u0101 to nodro\u0161ina komanda tail<\/code>) no pods un konteineriem Kubernetes\u0101. Tas ir ar\u012b vis\u0101tr\u0101kais veids, k\u0101 ieg\u016bt vair\u0101kus avotus vien\u0101 pl\u016bsm\u0101, ko var las\u012bt uzreiz. Taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 laik\u0101 jums ir skaidrs veids (p\u0113c kr\u0101sas) pl\u016bsmu at\u0161\u0137ir\u0161anai.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kubetail<\/a><\/noindex> l\u012bdz\u012bg\u0101 veid\u0101 apvieno \u017eurn\u0101lus no da\u017e\u0101diem pods vien\u0101 pl\u016bsm\u0101, kr\u0101soti da\u017e\u0101du pods un konteineru mar\u0137\u0113jum\u0101. Bet Kubetail ir Bash skripts, t\u0101p\u0113c t\u0101 darb\u012bbai nav nepiecie\u0161ams nekas cits k\u0101 tikai komandrinda.<\/p>\n

Tikai re\u0123istr\u0113tie lietot\u0101ji var piedal\u012bties aptauj\u0101. Pieteikties<\/a><\/noindex>, l\u016bdzu.<\/p>\n

Un ko izmantojat j\u016bs, lai vienk\u0101r\u0161otu ikdienas oper\u0101cijas?<\/h2>\n