🥇Prometheus: Fanaraha-maso HTTP amin'ny alàlan'ny mpanondrana Blackbox

Salama daholo. Amin'ny volana Mey dia manomboka ny OTUS atrikasa momba ny fanaraha-maso sy ny fitrandrahana, na fotodrafitrasa sy fampiharana mampiasa Zabbix, Prometheus, Grafana ary ELK. Amin'ity lafiny ity, mizara fitaovana mahasoa momba ny lohahevitra izahay.

Mpanondrana blackbox ho an'ny Prometheus dia ahafahanao mampihatra ny fanaraha-maso ny serivisy ivelany amin'ny alàlan'ny HTTP, HTTPS, DNS, TCP, ICMP. Amin'ity lahatsoratra ity, hasehoko anao ny fomba fametrahana ny fanaraha-maso HTTP/HTTPS amin'ny fampiasana Blackbox exporter. Hanokatra ny mpanondrana Blackbox ao Kubernetes izahay.

Ny tontolo tontolo

Mila ireto manaraka ireto isika:

Kubernetes
Prometheus Operator

Fanofanana boaty mainty mpanondrana

Fametrahana Blackbox amin'ny alàlan'ny ConfigMap ho an'ny fikirana http Module fanaraha-maso ny serivisy web.

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
data:
  blackbox.yaml: |
    modules:
      http_2xx:
        http:
          no_follow_redirects: false
          preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
          valid_http_versions:
          - HTTP/1.1
          - HTTP/2
          valid_status_codes: []
        prober: http
        timeout: 5s

Module http_2xx ampiasaina hanamarina fa ny serivisy tranonkala dia mamerina kaody sata HTTP 2xx. Ny fanamafisam-peo mpanondrana blackbox dia voafaritra amin'ny antsipiriany kokoa ao tahirin-kevitra.

Mametraka mpanondrana boaty mainty ho an'ny kluster Kubernetes

Farito Deployment и Service ho fametrahana ao amin'ny Kubernetes.

---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 9115
      protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter

---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
    spec:
      restartPolicy: Always
      containers:
        - name: blackbox-exporter
          image: "prom/blackbox-exporter:v0.15.1"
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          securityContext:
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsNonRoot: true
            runAsUser: 1000
          args:
            - "--config.file=/config/blackbox.yaml"
          resources:
            {}
          ports:
            - containerPort: 9115
              name: http
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /health
              port: http
          readinessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /health
              port: http
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /config
              name: config
        - name: configmap-reload
          image: "jimmidyson/configmap-reload:v0.2.2"
          imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
          securityContext:
            runAsNonRoot: true
            runAsUser: 65534
          args:
            - --volume-dir=/etc/config
            - --webhook-url=http://localhost:9115/-/reload
          resources:
            {}
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /etc/config
              name: config
              readOnly: true
      volumes:
        - name: config
          configMap:
            name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter

Ny mpanondrana Blackbox dia azo apetraka amin'ny alalan'ny baiko manaraka. Anaran-tsehatra monitoring dia manondro ny Prometheus Operator.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f blackbox-exporter.yaml

Ataovy azo antoka fa mandeha ny serivisy rehetra mampiasa ity baiko manaraka ity:

kubectl --namespace=monitoring get all --selector=app=prometheus-blackbox-exporter

Blackbox check

Azonao atao ny miditra amin'ny tranokala Blackbox exporter amin'ny fampiasana port-forward:

kubectl --namespace=monitoring port-forward svc/prometheus-blackbox-exporter 9115:9115

Mifandraisa amin'ny seraseran'ny tranonkala mpanondrana Blackbox amin'ny alàlan'ny navigateur web amin'ny localhost: 9115.

Raha mankany amin'ny adiresy ianao http://localhost:9115/probe?module=http_2xx&target=https://www.google.com, ho hitanao ny valin'ny fanamarinana ny URL voatondro (https://www.google.com).

Sanda metrika probe_success mitovy amin'ny 1 midika fanamarinana mahomby. Ny sanda 0 dia manondro hadisoana.

Fametrahana Prometheus

Aorian'ny fametrahana ny mpanondrana BlackBox dia manamboatra Prometheus in prometheus-additional.yaml.

- job_name: 'kube-api-blackbox'
  scrape_interval: 1w
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [http_2xx]
  static_configs:
   - targets:
      - https://www.google.com
      - http://www.example.com
      - https://prometheus.io
  relabel_configs:
   - source_labels: [__address__]
     target_label: __param_target
   - source_labels: [__param_target]
     target_label: instance
   - target_label: __address__
     replacement: prometheus-blackbox-exporter:9115 # The blackbox exporter.

Mamorona izahay Secretmampiasa ity baiko manaraka ity.

PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG=$(cat prometheus-additional.yaml | base64)
cat << EOF | kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: additional-scrape-configs
type: Opaque
data:
  prometheus-additional.yaml: $PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG
EOF

Manondro izahay additional-scrape-configs ho an'ny Prometheus Operator mampiasa additionalScrapeConfigs.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheuses k8s
...
spec:
  additionalScrapeConfigs:
    key: prometheus-additional.yaml
    name: additional-scrape-configs

Mankany amin'ny tranokala Prometheus izahay ary manamarina ny metrika sy ny tanjona.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring port-forward svc/prometheus-k8s 9090:9090

Hitantsika ny metrika sy ny tanjon'ny Blackbox.

Fanampiana fitsipika momba ny fampandrenesana (fanairana)

Mba hahazoana fampandrenesana avy amin'ny mpanondrana Blackbox, dia hanampy fitsipika amin'ny Prometheus Operator izahay.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheusrules prometheus-k8s-rules
...
  - name: blackbox-exporter
    rules:
    - alert: ProbeFailed
      expr: probe_success == 0
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "Probe failed (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Probe failedn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SlowProbe
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Slow probe (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Blackbox probe took more than 1s to completen  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: HttpStatusCode
      expr: probe_http_status_code <= 199 OR probe_http_status_code >= 400
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "HTTP Status Code (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "HTTP status code is not 200-399n  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SslCertificateWillExpireSoon
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry - time() < 86400 * 30
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "SSL certificate will expire soon (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "SSL certificate expires in 30 daysn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SslCertificateHasExpired
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry - time()  <= 0
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "SSL certificate has expired (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "SSL certificate has expired alreadyn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: HttpSlowRequests
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_http_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "HTTP slow requests (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "HTTP request took more than 1sn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SlowPing
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_icmp_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Slow ping (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Blackbox ping took more than 1sn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"

Ao amin'ny tranokala Prometheus, mandehana amin'ny Status => Fitsipika ary tadiavo ny fitsipika fanairana ho an'ny mpanondrana blackbox.

Fampitaovana ny Kubernetes API Server SSL Certificate Filazana lany daty

Andao amboarina ny fanaraha-maso ny fahataperan'ny mari-pankasitrahana SSL Kubernetes API Server. Mandefa fampandrenesana indray mandeha isan-kerinandro.

Manampy ny maody mpanondrana Blackbox ho an'ny Kubernetes API Server Authentication.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit configmap prometheus-blackbox-exporter
...
      kube-api:
        http:
          method: GET
          no_follow_redirects: false
          preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
          tls_config:
            insecure_skip_verify: false
            ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
          bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
          valid_http_versions:
          - HTTP/1.1
          - HTTP/2
          valid_status_codes: []
        prober: http
        timeout: 5s

Fanampiana Prometheus scrape configuration

- job_name: 'kube-api-blackbox'
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [kube-api]
  static_configs:
   - targets:
      - https://kubernetes.default.svc/api
  relabel_configs:
   - source_labels: [__address__]
     target_label: __param_target
   - source_labels: [__param_target]
     target_label: instance
   - target_label: __address__
     replacement: prometheus-blackbox-exporter:9115 # The blackbox exporter.

Mampiasa Prometheus Secret

PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG=$(cat prometheus-additional.yaml | base64)
cat << EOF | kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: additional-scrape-configs
type: Opaque
data:
  prometheus-additional.yaml: $PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG
EOF

Manampy fitsipika fanairana

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheusrules prometheus-k8s-rules
...
  - name: k8s-api-server-cert-expiry
    rules:
    - alert: K8sAPIServerSSLCertExpiringAfterThreeMonths
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry{job="kube-api-blackbox"} - time() < 86400 * 90 
      for: 1w
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Kubernetes API Server SSL certificate will expire after three months (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Kubernetes API Server SSL certificate expires in 90 daysn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"

rohy mahasoa

Fanaraha-maso sy fidirana ao amin'ny Docker

Source: www.habr.com